共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 890 毫秒
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基于壳模型与Random Phase Approximation理论, 利用Shell-Model Monte Carlo方法, 研究了超新星爆发环境核素56,57,59,60Co的电子俘获与电子丰度变化率. 我们的结果与利用Aufderheide方法计算的结果进行了误差对比. 结果表明: 电子俘获率受温度和密度的影响大大增加, 甚至增加达6个数量级以上(如在ρ7=0.43, Ye=0.48核素57,59,60Co). 另一方面, 随着温度和密度的增大, 电子丰度变化率大大降低, 甚至减小达5个数量级以上(如在ρ7=5.86, Ye=0.47核素59Co). 通过对误差因子的分析表明, 在低温低密度环境二种结果误差较大; 而在高温高密度环境, 二种结果误差相对较小.
关键词:
电子俘获
超新星 相似文献
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利用冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪装置系统研究了20—40 keV He2+-He碰撞体系的态选择单电子俘获过程,实验获得了单电子俘获过程的态选择截面以及角微分截面.在所研究的能区范围,电子俘获到L壳层的截面最大,为主要的反应道,这与分子库仑过垒模型的反应窗理论的预测一致.实验测量的态选择截面与原子轨道紧耦合的计算结果很好地符合,与光谱方法的测量结果存在一定的差别,主要原因是光谱方法不能测量完整的反应通道信息.实验结果表明,总角微分截面在小角度范围主要来源于电子俘获到基态的贡献,在大角度范围主要来自电子俘获到激发态的贡献;电子俘获到基态的和激发态的角微分截面均出现振荡结构,这种振荡来源于电子俘获反应中分子轨道之间的相干效应.实验测量的角微分截面与其他实验和紧耦合方法的计算结果进行了比较和分析.
关键词:
冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪
态选择电子俘获
态选择截面
角微分截面 相似文献
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本文利用双色共振双光子电离和质量分辨阈值电离光谱技术,研究了对氯苯腈分子第一电子激发态S1和离子基态D0的振动特征,确定了对氯苯腈分子S1←S0电子跃迁的激发能为35818±2 cm–1,精确的绝热电离能为76846±5 cm–1.对氯苯腈分子35Cl和37Cl两种同位素有相同的激发能和电离能以及相似的振动特征.采用高精度密度泛函方法,计算了对氯苯腈分子在中性基态S0、第一电子激发态S1、离子基态D0的结构参数和振动频率,分析了电子激发和电离过程中对氯苯腈分子结构和振动频率的变化,并对激发态和离子基态的振动光谱进行了归属,振动光谱上的活性振动大多数是苯环平面内的弯曲振动.通过比较对氯苯酚、对氯苯胺、对氯苯甲醚、对氯苯腈与苯酚、苯胺、苯甲醚、苯腈分子的跃迁能,分析了取代基Cl原子与苯环之间的相互作用及其对分子跃迁能的影响. 相似文献
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A new relation for the density parameter Ω is derived as a function of expansion velocity υ based on Carmeli's cosmology.
This density function is used in the luminosity distance relation D
L. A heretofore neglected source luminosity correction factor (1 − (υ/c)2)−1/2 is now included in D
L. These relations are used to fit type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) data, giving consistent, well-behaved fits over a broad range
of redshift 0.1 < z < 2. The best fit to the data for the local density parameter is Ωm = 0.0401 ± 0.0199. Because Ωm is within the baryonic budget there is no need for any dark matter to account for the SNe Ia redshift luminosity data. From
this local density it is determined that the redshift where the universe expansion transitions from deceleration to acceleration
is z
t = 1.095+0.264
−0.155. Because the fitted data covers the range of the predicted transition redshift z
t, there is no need for any dark energy to account for the expansion rate transition. We conclude that the expansion is now
accelerating and that the transition from a closed to an open universe occurred about 8.54 Gyr ago. 相似文献
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Gravitational field equations in Randers-Finsler space of approximate Berwald type are investigated. A modified Friedmann equation and a new luminosity distance-redshift relation is proposed. A best-fit to the Type Ia supernovae (SNe) observations yields that the ΩΛ in the Λ-CDM model is suppressed to almost zero. This fact indicates that the astronomical observations on the Type Ia SNe can be described well without invoking any form of dark energy. The best-fit age of the universe is given. It is in agreement with the age of our galaxy. 相似文献
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Michael L. Smith Ahmet Mecit Öztaş Jan Paul 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》2006,45(5):908-923
A model is presented to explain the luminar distances and associated red-shifts from ancient supernovae. Light frequencies of supernovae type Ia (SNe Ia) vary smoothly with time, decreasing from singularity to present and intergalactic luminar distances are described as linear combinations of Hubble expansion and smaller components from the time-dependent decrease of emission frequencies. When tested with current cosmic matter densities, SNe Ia distances, red-shifts and the Hubble constant the errors between this model and the vacuum energy model favor this new model, though our model suffers from mathematics about zero. An expression between energy and frequency, derived from the model, reducing to the Planck equation for short observation intervals is also discovered and estimated to within 10% using current SNe Ia data. We also propose a relationship for the deceleration of frequency over time, solve at infinity and discover frequency and time will eventually become uncoupled. 相似文献
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P. Höflich P. Dragulin J. Mitchell B. Penney B. Sadler T. Diamond C. Gerardy 《Frontiers of Physics》2013,8(2):144-167
With recent advances in theory and observations, direct connections emerge between the progenitors of Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) and the observed light curves and spectra. A direct link is important for our understanding of the supernovae physics, the diversity of SNe Ia and the use of SNe Ia for high-precision cosmology because the details of the explosion depends sensitively on the initial conditions and the explosion scenario(s) realized in nature. Do SNe Ia originate from SD- or DD systems, and do they lead to M Ch mass explosions or dynamical mergers? Does the statistical distribtion of SNe Ia depend on their environment which can be expected to change with redshift? In this contribution, we will exam from the theoretical point of view the tell-tails for this connection, their consistency with the observations, and future directions. In a first section, we present the physics of the explosion, light curves and spectral formation in a nutshell to help understanding the connection. For details of the progenitor evolution and explosion physics, we refer to reviews and the other contributions in this issue. Each of the topical sections starts with a brief general review followed by a more detailed discussion of specific results. Because the youth of the field, some bias is unavoidable towards results obtained within our collaborations (and FSU). The imprint of the metallicity, progenitor stars and properties such as the central density of the exploding WD are presented. IR spectroscopy, polarimetry and imaging of SNR remnants are discussed as a tool to test for the WD properties, magnetic fields and asymmetries. We discuss different classes of Type Ia supernovae, and their environment. Possible correlations between the spectroscopic and light curve properties of SN Ia are discussed. Finally, the overall emerging picture and future developments are discussed. 相似文献
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WANG Bo LIU ZhengWei HAN YunKun LEI ZhenXin LUO YangPing & HAN ZhanWen National Astronomical Observatories/Yunnan Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China Key Laboratory for the Structure Evolution of Celestial Objects Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 《中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学(英文版)》2010,(3)
Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) play an important role in diverse areas of astrophysics, from the chemical evolution of galaxies to observational cosmology. However, the nature of the progenitors of SNe Ia is still unclear. In this paper, according to a detailed binary population synthesis study, we obtained SN Ia birthrates and delay times from different progenitor models, and compared them with observations. We find that the Galactic SN Ia birthrate from the double-degenerate (DD) model is close to those infe... 相似文献
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M. Babamoradi M. Heidari Saani A. Ranjbar M. A. Vesaghi Y. Kawazoe 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2011,84(1):1-9
Using a generalized Hubbard Hamiltonian, many-electron wavefunctions of negatively
charged (NV−) and neutral nitrogen-vacancy (NV0) centers in diamond
were calculated. We report the effect of symmetric relaxation of surrounding atoms on the
spin density, calculated from the many electron wavefunctions in the ground and excited
states. We evaluated the error, that, arises in estimation of spin density when lattice
relaxation effect is neglected in Electron Paramagnetic Resonance experiment and showed
that the ground state spin density distribution is accessible in outward relaxations. The
computed oscillator strengths give a higher efficiency for the 1.945 eV photoluminescence
(PL) line of NV− with respect to 2.156 eV PL line of NV0 which
agrees well with experiment. This result is explained based on the largest the ground
state spin among available values for the NV− with respect to NV0.
The transition probability between degenerate ground and excited states slightly depends
on the S
z
value. Finally, we report on the
electronic configurations which contribute to the ground and excited states and discuss
the population variation of electronic configurations with relaxation. 相似文献
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P. Hoffmann-Pinther 《Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei》1977,283(1):85-88
The low-lying states of87Rb are studied in the framework of a quasiparticle-core coupling model. The agreement between the calculated and experimental level spectra, stripping strength, ground state static electromagnetic moments and theE2 transition rate of the first excited state is good. Electromagnetic moments and transition rates for other excited states are predicted. 相似文献
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The synchrotron radiation spectrum is calculated for relativistic electrons in the case where no restriction is placed on the strength of the magnetic field. It is shown that in intense fields H? H0 = m2c3/e0? =4.41 · 1013 G a major contribution to the total radiation intensity comes from transitions to the ground state and also to weakly excited levels. In particular, the contribution from transitions to the ground state (final electron energy E' =mc2) for electrons of initial energy E = 10 MeV in a field H = 2H0 is 14% of the contribution from transitions to highly excited states (E'?mc2). 相似文献
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H. G. Bohlen B. Gebauer D. Kolbert W. von Oertzen E. Stiliaris M. Wilpert T. Wilpert 《Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei》1988,330(2):227-228
First results of the double-charge-exchange reaction9Be(13C,13O)9He, ELab=380 MeV, are presented. The ground state and an excited state at 3.8 MeV are clearly seen. A preliminary value of the9He mass excess is obtained: 41.5±0.6 MeV. Spectra of of the9Be(13C,14O) He-reaction have been measured with high resolution. The ground state transition appears as a pronounced sharp peak, but no other narrow peaks are observed. 相似文献