A uniform asymptotic analysis of dispersive wave motion across a space-time shadow boundary

The one dimensional Klein-Gordon equation with spatially varying coefficients and with amplitude modulated high frequency signaling data is analyzed. A formal uniformly valid asymptotic expansion of the solution across a space-time shadow boundary is obtained with the help of two families of rays. These rays may also give rise to shadow regions. The asymptotic expansion involves three functions, a Fresnel function and two successive Bessel functions of integer order.     

Local time-stepping procedures for the space-time conservation element and solution element method

A local time-stepping procedure for the space-time conservation element and solution element (CESE) method has been developed. This new procedure allows for variation of time-step size in both space and time, and can also be extended to become multi-dimensional solvers with structured/unstructured spatial grids. Moreover, it differs substantially in concept and methodology from the existing approaches. By taking full advantage of key concepts of the CESE method, in a simple and efficient manner it can enforce flux conservation across an interface separating grid zones of different time-step sizes. In particular, no correction pass is needed. Numerical experiments show that, for a variety of flow problems involving moving shock and flame discontinuities, accurate and robust numerical simulations can be achieved even with a reduction in time-step size on the order of 10 or higher for grids across a single interface.     

射线寻迹法分析旋转不等截面圆环结构的动态响应

用射线寻迹法分析了旋转不等截面圆环的自由响应和受迫响应问题。首先,建立了单元局域坐标系,用行波、快衰和近场波动表示波在单元结构内的振动位移;其次,将激励力视为一种特殊的不连续节点,激励点两端为两个不同单元,考虑不同单元之间通过转递系数和转换矩阵耦合,并引入反射矩阵和透射矩阵处理行波在单元间的传播;再次,将结构的稳态响应表达为波动所有迹的叠加,而将自由振动表达为波幅矢量初始迹为零的情况;最后,根据波传递规则将弹性波动的反射矩阵和透射矩阵进行集成,对独立波动单元进行总装,从所得的动力学模型得到旋转不等截面圆环的响应。在给出了行波在该动态模型中传播特性的基础上,由数值算例可以发现旋转状态下圆环的各阶响应频率都高于静止状态下的响应频率。研究内容有助于高速轴承保持架、MEMS转子等的动态特性的精确计算。     

The effect of canopy roughness density on the constitutive components of the dispersive stresses

How to represent the effects of variable canopy morphology on turbulence remains a fundamental challenge yet to be confronted. Planar averaging over some minimal area can be applied to average-out this sort of spatial variability in the time-averaged mean momentum balance. Because of the multiply connected air-spaces, spatial averaging gives rise to covariance or dispersive stress terms that are produced by the spatial correlations of the time-averaged quantities. These terms are “unclosed” and require parameterization, which to date remains lacking due to the absence of data. Here, flume experiments were conducted to quantify the magnitude and sign of the dispersive stresses for a cylindric canopy where the rod density was varied but the individual rod dimensions (rod height h _c and rod diameter d _r) remained the same. Quadrant analysis was used to explore the genesis of their spatial coherency inside the canopy for a wide range of rod densities. When compared to the conventional turbulent stresses, these dispersive stresses can be significant in the lowest layers of sparse canopies. For dense canopies, the dispersive terms remain negligible when compared to the conventional momentum fluxes at all the canopy levels consistent with previous experiments in vegetated and urban canopies. It was also shown that the spatial locations contributing most to the dispersive terms were in the immediate vicinity downstream of the rods. In the deeper layers of sparse canopies, these positions contributed large and negative stresses, but in the upper levels of the canopy, they contributed large but positive stresses. Because the longitudinal velocity spatial perturbation behind the rods is negative, the switch in sign in these stresses was connected with the sign of the vertical velocity spatial perturbation Simplified scaling arguments, using a reduced mean continuity equation and the vertical mean momentum balance for the flow field near the rods, offer clues as to why in much of the lower canopy levels (about 0.75 h _c ) while in the upper canopy levels.     

Evaluation of the effect of variable refraction index on the path of a laser beam

The use of a laser-Doppler anemometer to measure velocities in a fluid with a larger variation in its refractive index perpendicular to the laser beams may introduce appreciable errors. This situation is commonly encountered in convective heat transfer studies. The beams are refracted as they pass through the fluid and the distance of the intersection of the beams, control volume, from the surface may be significantly different than the distance of the beams from the surface when they entered the fluid. If the flow is unsteady or turbulent, the relative movement of the beams may be such that the size and location of the control volume is constantly changing causing appreciable errors.     

Vibration analysis of a multi-span rotating ring with ray tracing method

A ray tracing method is applied to analyze both the free and forced responses in a rotating multi-span section ring. In this paper, element coordinates are established and coupled by dispersion and transmission matrices. Structure vibration displacements are expressed in a wave form with a combination of propagation, fast-attenuating and near-field waves. Meanwhile, an exciting force is considered as a point discontinues with different elements on both sides. The wave reflection and transmission matrices are introduced through coupling different elements by applying wave transmission coefficients and transfer matrices. For numeric computation, the reflection and transmission matrices are assembled, independent waveguide elements are integrated and the responses of rotating rings with non-uniform section area are derived. The structure modeling and a numeric computation with corresponding solutions illustrate the validity of the presented approach. The investigation result also shows that the presented approach can be extended to compute accurately on the dynamic characteristics of a rotating complex structure (high speed bearing cage).     

用CE/SE法对弯曲与分叉河道的溃坝洪水波的数值研究

对作者的二维溃坝洪水波的数学模型进一步推广,得到了一般形式的基于任意四边形网格的时空守恒元和解元方法(简称CE/SE法)的新的格式.CE/SE法从守恒积分型浅水方程出发,设立守恒元和解元,严格保证其物理意义上的守恒律,并且构造思想简单,格式通用性好.首先采用CE/SE法计算等宽矩形河道的溃坝洪水波,并与Stoker解析解进行比较,在此基础上,数值模拟了180度强弯曲河道、45度三支分叉河道的二维溃坝洪水波的演进过程,揭示了溃坝洪水波在弯曲河道中内外两岸速度与水位的变化,在分叉河道中自动进行流量与动量的再分配,在分叉点处形成旋涡,水位变化剧烈等复杂的运动特征,算例结果表明基于任意四边形网格的CE/SE法精度高,稳定性好,该格式对各种不规则几何区域内的溃坝问题具有较强的适应性,对溃坝洪水波的间断具有较高的分辨率.     

The ray method for the deflection of a floating flexible platform in short waves

In this paper, we explain how the ‘ray method’ can be used to describe the deflection, due to short waves, of a very large floating platform in finite or infinite water depth. The elastic properties of the platform are isotropic, but may be distributed inhomogeneously. In the first section, we give a derivation of the equation for the phase and amplitude functions. Then an integro-differential equation for the determination of the deflection is used to find the initial condition for amplitude along the characteristics. For the homogeneous two-dimensional platform in water of finite depth, an exact solution in the form of a superposition of modes can be obtained. This simplified problem serves as a ‘canonical’ problem for problems with the same structure locally. In the last section, we give some result for a semi-infinite platform with varying elasticity coefficient, the mass distribution being taken constant.     

Collision detection for complicated polyhedra using the fast multipole method or ray crossing

The purpose of this paper is a comparison of two different methods that can be used for collision detection. One method is called the ray-crossing method, a commonly used geometrical approach. The other method is the fast multipole method, usually used for boundary element methods, which is also applied for collision detection purposes here. Both methods are especially of interest when the collision for arbitrarily shaped polyhedra has to be detected. Here, both methods are described and compared for different examples of complex shaped polyhedra with up to 5 × 10⁵ faces and more than 5 × 10⁵ test points regarding efficiency and required calculation time.     

Transient analysis of a three-dimensional plate by the ray grouping technique

The propagation of transient waves in an elastic plate excited by an arbitrary loading is investigated. Exact three-dimensional transform solutions are derived for a plate suddenly loaded on one of its bounding surfaces, with the inversion effected by Cagniard's technique. The solution is based on three canonical problems for finding the n-th reflected waves from only the information on the (n − 1)-th reflected waves. The technique automatically groups rays which arrive simultaneously at one point, thus simplifying the computations needed by the ray tracing technique. A nonaxially symmetric sample loading is selected for demonstrating the technique, and numerical results are presented. The Ray Grouping Technique can be extended to the layered medium case.     

A procedure of the method of reverberation ray matrix for the buckling analysis of a thin multi-span plate

A procedure of the method of reverberation ray matrix(MRRM) is developed to perform the buckling analysis of thin multi-span rectangular plates having internal line supports or stiffeners. A computation algorithm for the reverberation ray matrix in the MRRM is derived to determine the buckling loading. Specifically, the analytical solutions are presented for the buckling of the structure having two opposite simply-supported or clamped-supported edges with spans, while the constraint condition of...     

Wave isogeometric analysis method for calculating dispersive properties of guided waves in rotating damped cylinders

Meccanica - The reliable guided wave inspection techniques depend on the accurate understanding of dispersive properties. The classic finite element method has been proven to be very practical for...     

基于射线穿透法的GPU并行阶梯型有限差分网格生成算法

三维大规模有限差分网格生成技术是三维有限差分计算的基础,网格生成效率是三维有限差分网格生成的研究热点。传统的阶梯型有限差分网格生成方法主要有射线穿透法和切片法。本文在传统串行射线穿透法的基础上,提出了基于GPU （graphic processing unit）并行计算技术的并行阶梯型有限差分网格生成算法。并行算法应用基于分批次的数据传输策略,使得算法能够处理的数据规模不依赖于GPU内存大小,平衡了数据传输效率和网格生成规模之间的关系。为了减少数据传输量,本文提出的并行算法可以在GPU线程内部相互独立的生成射线起点坐标,进一步提高了并行算法的执行效率和并行化程度。通过数值试验的对比可以看出,并行算法的执行效率远远高于传统射线穿透法。最后,通过有限差分计算实例可以证实并行算法能够满足复杂模型大规模数值模拟的需求。