集成结构振动主动控制和抑制

采用一种新的压电板单元,建立了含有分布压电传感元件和执行元件的集成结构的有限元动力模型。研究了这种集成结构在常增益负速度反馈控制规律作用下,振动的主动控制与抑制的问题,并提出了集成结构振动主动控制和抑制的一般方法。最后,提供了数值示例,说明本文提出方法的有效性。     

LQR Control for Vibration Suppression of Piezoelectric Integrated Smart Structures

In the present paper, the equations of motion for piezoelectric integrated smart beams are derived by applying Hamilton's principle and the Finite Element (FE) method, based on the First-Order Shear Deformation (FOSD) theory. Then, a state space model is constructed from the equations of motion for control design. A Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) control for vibration suppression is implemented on the mathematical model of the piezoelectric bonded beam. Finally, a numerical application is performed to testify the applicability and effectiveness of the present method. (© 2012 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Design of adaptive LQ regulators for MIMO systems based on multirate sampling of the plant output

In this paper, the certainty equivalence principle is used to combine a discrete-time adaptive law with a control structure derived from the linear-quadratic regulation problem. The proposed control structure is mainly based on multirate sampling of the output of the continuous-time plant under control and allows us to regulate the sampled closed-loop system, subject to a quadratic performance criterion, without making assumptions on the plant other than controllability and observability and the knowledge of two sets of structural indices. Using the proposed algorithm, the adaptive regulation problem is reduced to the determination of a fictitious static state feedback controller. Known techniques usually resort to the computation of fullorder adaptive state observers, thus introducing high-order exogenous dynamics in the control loop. Moreover, persistence of excitation and parameter convergence of the plant are provided without making any additional assumption on the system, as compared to known adaptive linear-quadratic regulation schemes.     

Disturbance rejection in robust PdE-based MRAC laws for uncertain heterogeneous multiagent networks under boundary reference

Disturbance is a pervasive source of uncertainty in most applications. This paper presents model reference adaptive control (MRAC) laws for uncertain multiagent networks with a disturbance rejection capability. The algorithms proposed can also be viewed as the extension of the robust model reference adaptive control (MRAC) laws with disturbance rejection recently derived for systems described by parabolic and hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs) with spatially-varying parameters under distributed sensing and actuation to heterogeneous multiagent networks characterized by parameter uncertainty. The latter extension is carried out using partial difference equations (PdEs) on graphs that preserve parabolic and hyperbolic like cumulative network behavior. Unlike in the PDE case, only boundary input is specified for the reference model. The algorithms proposed directly incorporate this boundary reference input into the reference PdE to generate the distributed admissible reference evolution profile followed by the agents. The agent evolution thus depends only on the interaction with the adjacent agents, making the system fully decentralized. Numerical examples are presented as well. The resulting PdE MRAC laws inherit the robust linear structure of their PDE counterparts.     

输入通道有干扰多变量MRAC系统全局稳定化控制

对具有未建模动态且输入通道存在干扰的动态不确定多输入多输出(MIMO)模型参考自适应控制(MRAC) 系统，仅应用系统的输入输出量测数据给出了一种变结构模型跟踪控制器设计机制.通过辅 助信号和带有记忆功能的正规化信号,并适当选择控制器参数, 所提出的变结构控制 (VSC)能保证闭环系统的全局稳定性,且跟踪误差可调整到任意小.     

主动约束阻尼开口柱壳的NLMS反馈减振控制

为缩减开口柱壳结构的振动,给出了一种局部主动约束阻尼(ALCD)敷设结构,并结合Lagrange方程和Sanders薄壳理论构建了压电耦合开口柱壳的动力学模型,根据推得的系统状态空间形式,应用归一化最小均方差自适应滤波算法(NLMS)和线性二次规划算法(LQR)设计了一种自适应反馈控制器,通过数值仿真研究了控制参数对开...     

A model of parameter adaptive law with time varying function for robot control

In this article, a model of adaptive control law for controlling robot manipulators using the Lyapunov based theory of guaranteed the stability of uncertain a system is derived. The novelty of obtained result is that the adaptive control algorithm is developed using a parameter estimation rule depending on manipulator kinematic, dynamic parameters and tracking error. This study is supported by a computer simulation and tracking performance has been improved.     

Adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control for synchronization of uncertain fractional order chaotic systems

This paper deals with chaos synchronization between two different uncertain fractional order chaotic systems based on adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control (AFSMC). With the definition of fractional derivatives and integrals, a fuzzy Lyapunov synthesis approach is proposed to tune free parameters of the adaptive fuzzy controller on line by output feedback control law and adaptive law. Moreover, chattering phenomena in the control efforts can be reduced. The sliding mode design procedure not only guarantees the stability and robustness of the proposed AFSMC, but also the external disturbance on the synchronization error can be attenuated. The simulation example is included to confirm validity and synchronization performance of the advocated design methodology.     

输入通道有干扰多变量MRAC系统的全局稳定化控制

对具有未建模动态并且输入通道存在干扰的动态不确定多输入多输出(MIMO)模型参考自适应控制(MRAC)系统,应用输出反馈给出了一种变结构模型跟踪控制器设计．系统的已建模部分有大于1的任意相对阶且已建模部分阶的上界是未知的．通过引入辅助信号和带有记忆功能的正规化信号,以及适当选择控制器参数,保证了闭环系统的全局稳定性,且跟踪误差可调整到任意小．     

Real-coded Genetic Algorithm for system identification and tuning of a modified Model Reference Adaptive Controller for a hybrid tank system

Modeling and controlling of level process is one of the most common problems in the process industry. As the level process is nonlinear, Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) strategy is employed in this paper. To design an MRAC with equally good transient and steady state performance is a challenging task. The main objective of this paper is to design an MRAC with very good steady-state and transient performance for a nonlinear process such as the hybrid tank process. A modification to the MRAC scheme is proposed in this study. Real-coded Genetic Algorithm (RGA) is used to tune off-line the controller parameters. Three different versions of MRAC and also a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller are employed, and their performances are compared by using MATLAB. Input–output data of a coupled tank setup of the hybrid tank process are obtained by using Lab VIEW and a system identification procedure is carried out. The accuracy of the resultant model is further improved by parameter tuning using RGA. The simulation results shows that the proposed controller gives better transient performance than the well-designed PID controller or the MRAC does; while giving equally good steady-state performance. It is concluded that the proposed controllers can be used to achieve very good transient and steady state performance during the control of any nonlinear process.     

Static and dynamic analysis of smart cylindrical shell

Shell type components and structures are very common in many mechanical and structural systems. In smart structural applications, piezolaminated plates and shells are commonly used. In this paper a finite element formulation is presented to model the static and dynamic response of laminated composite shells containing integrated piezoelectric sensors and actuators subjected to electrical, mechanical and thermal loadings. The formulation is based on the first order shear deformation theory and Hamilton's principle. In this formulation, the mass and stiffness of the piezo-layers have been taken into account. A nine-noded degenerated shell element is implemented for the analysis. The model is validated by comparing with existing results documented in the literature. A simple negative velocity feedback control algorithm coupling the direct and converse piezoelectric effects is used to actively control the dynamic response of an integrated structure through a closed control loop. The influence of the stacking sequence and position of sensors/actuators on the response of the laminated cylindrical shell is evaluated. Numerical results show that piezoelectric sensors/actuators can be used to control the shape and vibration of laminated composite cylindrical shell.     

Comparative study on control concepts of a robot manipulator with multiple-link/joint flexibilities

If one is dealing with active vibration suppression on a highly nonlinear flexible system, various techniques are needed. On the one hand a suitable dynamic model of the system is required. And on the other hand intelligent model based control concepts are necessary for active vibration damping. We deal with a basic model, where the flexibilities are approximated with linear springs and dampers, a so called lumped element model (LEM). For the control design we propose a control structure with two degrees of freedom (2DoF) for solving the tracking problem, based on the LEM. Such an approach allows designing the feedforward part independently of the feedback part. Hereby the feedforward control is based on the flatness approach, while for the feedback control several strategies are studied using acceleration- and gyrosensor-measurements. The contribution is completed with a validation by measurements from a very fast trajectory on an articulated robot with two flexible links and three elastic joints. (© 2012 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Free vibration of a functionally graded annular sector plate integrated with piezoelectric layers

Based on the first order shear deformation theory, free vibration behavior of functionally graded (FG) annular sector plates integrated with piezoelectric layers is investigated. The distribution of electric potential along the thickness direction of piezoelectric layers which is assumed to be a combination of linear and sinusoidal functions, satisfies both open and closed circuit electrical boundary conditions. Through a reformulation of governing equations and harmonic motion assumption, a novel decoupling method is suggested to transform the six second order coupled partial differential equations of motion into two eighth order and fourth order equations. A Fourier series method is then employed to present analytical solutions for free vibration of smart FG annular sector plates with simply supported radial edges and arbitrarily supported circular edges. The results, which can be used as a benchmark and suitable for design purposes, are verified with those reported in the literature. Finally, by presenting extensive ranges of frequencies, the effects of geometric parameters, power law index, FG and piezoelectric materials, electrical and mechanical boundary conditions as well as the piezoelectric layer thickness on vibration response of smart annular sector plates are discussed in detail.     

Vibration control of micro-scale structures using their reduced second order bilinear models based on multi-moment matching criteria

This paper deals with vibration control of micro-scale structures; i.e. MEMS devices. For modeling of the structures, finite element method which is a distinguished and accurate technique will be used. This method, however, leads to a model with high number of degrees of freedom which may cause computational costs especially for control problems. Hence, we will apply the second order Krylov subspace method based on multi-moment matching to obtain a reduced order model which is in the form of a second order bilinear system. For vibration suppression of the corresponding micro-structure, a quadratic feedback controller and also a linear state feedback controller using linear matrix inequality (LMI) will be designed. Finally, a micro-cantilever beam will be considered as a practical case study and simulation results of applying the proposed method will be presented.     

Finite volume analysis of adaptive beams with piezoelectric sensors and actuators

This paper presents a finite volume (FV) formulation for the free vibration analysis and active vibration control of the smart beams with piezoelectric sensors and actuators. The governing equations based on Timoshenko beam theory are discretized using the finite volume method. For the purpose of forced vibration control of beam structures, the negative velocity feedback controller is designed for the single-input, single-output system. To achieve the best effect, the piezoelectric sensors and actuators are coupled with the host structure in different positions and then the performance of the designed control system is evaluated for each position. In the test examples, first the shear locking free feature of the present formulation is demonstrated. This has been performed by doing static and natural frequency analysis of some reference models. Then, the capability of the proposed method for the prediction of uncontrolled forced vibration response and active vibration control of a beam structure is studied.     

Inversion-Based Feedforward Control for the Transient Shaping of a Piezo-Actuated Cantilevered Kirchhoff Plate

Nowadays piezoelectric actuators are successfully applied for vibration suppression in structural mechanics. The progress in material and actuator development allows to put focus also on novel applications. In this contribution, a systematic approach for inversion–based feedforward control and motion planning is presented for the realization of a transient deflection profile of a cantilevered piezo–actuated plate modeling an adaptive wing. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Parametric study of nonlinear adaptive control algorithm with magneto-rheological suspension systems

This paper describes the details of the simulation analysis of a nonlinear model-based adaptive suspension control system [Song X, Ahmadian M, Southward SC, Miller LR. An adaptive semiactive control algorithm for magneto-rheological suspension systems. ASME J Vibr Acoust, in press; Song X. Design of adaptive vibration control systems with application of magneto-rheological dampers. Dissertation, Virginia Tech, December, 1999]. The numerical aspect of the simulation study of a seat suspension with application of magneto-rheological dampers will be presented. Magneto-rheological (MR) dampers have strong nonlinearities such as bi-linearity, hysteresis, and saturation related to magnetism, which can be represented by appropriate mathematic functions, respectively. Thus the model-based adaptive algorithm becomes complicated because of involvement of MR damper models. One objective of this study is to investigate the effect of MR damper model simplifications on the adaptive suspension performance. Furthermore, simulation is also applied to do parametric study of adaptive algorithm parameters such as filtering and step size. The numerical results compare the proposed adaptive controller with passive dampers to validate not only its effectiveness but also obtain some guidance information for its experimental implementation.     

基于绳索作动器的大型太空望远镜桁架结构的振动主动控制

薄膜衍射是一种新型的太空望远镜的成像方式,它具有轻质、易折叠与展开、光学成像精度高等许多优点,是当今太空望远镜技术的研究热点.该文针对一类薄膜衍射太空望远镜桁架结构的振动主动控制进行了研究,提出了一种基于绳索作动器的振动主动控制策略.首先建立了望远镜桁架结构的动力学模型,然后采用粒子群优化算法研究了绳索作动器的优化布置...     

电液位置伺服系统的鲁棒自适应控制

针对由于参数不确定性、非线性等因素导致的电液位置伺服系统跟踪控制问题,基于Lyapunov(李雅普诺夫)稳定性理论,提出了一种具有参数自适应能力的鲁棒自适应反步方法.通过设计的自适应律来抑制由于参数不确定性对系统跟踪控制性能的影响,设计的鲁棒控制律使得系统具有全局一致渐近稳定性能.此外,还对伺服阀换向引起的不连续性进行了近似处理.以伺服阀控对称缸系统为控制对象,仿真结果表明,和传统的PD控制方法相比,在参数不确定性的情况下,该控制方法使得电液伺服系统的位置跟踪误差波动较小,且能以较快速度渐近收敛到0,同时所需要的伺服阀输入电压信号值也更小,相关不确定参数在经过较短时间后均可以收敛到其稳定值,从而验证了所提出算法的有效性.     

A Coupled FE-BE Analysis of Smart Lightweight Structures for Active Noise and Vibration Control

Over the past years much research and development has been done in the area of active control in order to improve the acoustical and vibrational properties of thin–walled lightweight structures. An efficient technique for actively reducing the structural vibration and sound radiation is the application of smart structures. In smart structures piezoelectric materials are often used as actuators and sensors. The design of smart structures requires fast and reliable simulation tools. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to present a coupled finite element–boundary element formulation, which enables the modeling of piezoelectric smart lightweight structures. The paper describes the theoretical background of the coupled approach in which the finite element method (FEM) is applied for the modeling of the passive vibrating shell structure as well as the surface attached piezoelectric actuators and sensors. The boundary element method (BEM) is used to characterize the corresponding sound field. In order to derive a coupled FE–BE formulation additional coupling conditions are introduced at the fluid–structure interface. Since the resulting overall model contains a large number of degrees of freedom, the mode superposition method is employed to reduce the size of the FE submodel. To validate the accuracy of the proposed approach, numerical simulations are carried out in the frequency domain and the results are compared with analytical reference solutions. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)