应用红外光谱技术鉴别中药麝香的真伪

采用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱法并结合二阶导数技术,测定了中药天然麝香及其伪品的红外光谱.结果表明:天然麝香的主要特征峰为3 284,2 923,2 851,1 655,1 546,1 400,1 038 cm-1等吸收峰,分别代表蛋白质、大环酮类和甾体类等主要成分;与天然麝香相比,麝香伪品的红外光谱的吸收的位置和强度有明显差异,可被容易区分;天然麝香、市售麝香及人工麝香的谱图相似性较高,尤其是人工麝香与天然麝香极其相似,难以区分;采用傅里叶二阶导数谱,提高了谱图分辨率,可直观有效地鉴别正品麝香.该方法具有快速、灵敏、直观、无损等特点,可为名贵药材的来源与真伪鉴别提供了新的手段.     

Remote measurement of volcanic gases by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Received: 25 March 1998     

全蝎不同部位的红外光谱分析与评价

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱及其二阶导数谱对动物药全蝎由表及里8个部位的药材粉末进行了分析与评价.结果表明,全蝎不同部位的红外光谱较为相似,而二阶导数红外光谱中峰位置和峰强度的差异明显.全蝎不同部位的分析结果进一步证明:蛋白质是每个部位的主体成分,但蝎尾的蛋白质与其他部位较为不同;脂肪类物质主要集中于躯干部分;硫酸粘多糖普遍...     

基于傅里叶变换红外光谱的土传真菌分类研究

应用FTIR-ATR光谱技术与多元统计分析相结合的方法对镰刀菌、立枯丝核菌、核盘菌、瓜果腐霉菌和辣椒疫霉菌等重要的土传致病真菌进行鉴别.对测得的FTIR光谱进行了归一化和二阶求导处理,选择了适合于真菌分类识别的14个光谱特征波段.在此基础上,采用典型判别分析和系统聚类分析对不同菌株进行了识别.结果表明,不同菌种间识别准确率达到100%,而镰刀菌种内不同菌株间识别准确率为95.56%,说明傅里叶变换红外光谱技术在植物病原真菌分类识别方面具有较大的应用潜能.     

Optical properties of AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs MQW studied by infrared ellipsometry and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

The optical response of Al_xGa_1-xAs/GaAs MQW from near-infrared to far-infrared has been studied. Using infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry, we measured the optical response of the samples in the energy range 0.5-2.0eV, and oscillations have been observed. A multilayer film calculation indicates that this phenomenon results from interference. By Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the absorptance of double-well MQW has been measured in the energy range 0.08-0.25eV. The energy levels of subbands and the oscillator strengths were calculated from self-consistent interface potential theory. The calculation results are consistent with the measurements.     

基于傅里叶变换红外光谱和聚类分析的真菌鉴别

傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱法(FTIR-ATR)应用于微生物的快速鉴定及分类是近几年发展起来的一门新型技术。该文应用FTIR-ATR光谱法与聚类分析方法相结合对重要的植物病原真菌进行鉴别。在PDA玻璃纸平板上培养了来自14个属的17株真菌,用FTIR-ATR光谱法测其红外光谱,获得了分辨率高、重现性好的真菌红外谱图,分析主要吸收峰的归属,确定了1800～1485,1485～1185与1185～900cm-1三个分析灵敏区,并在此基础上进行了系统聚类分析,使所有测试菌株都得到正确归类。结果表明,傅里叶变换红外光谱技术具有快速、准确、易操作等优点,将成为微生物研究领域的一个重要工具。     

转基因棉花残体土壤降解特征的红外光谱研究

采用重铬酸钾容量法和红外光谱(FTIR)法分析了转基因抗虫棉花残体降解后的土壤腐殖质组分富里酸(FA)、胡敏酸(HA)和胡敏素(HM)的含量和结构特征.结果表明,棉花残体的降解使土壤各腐殖质组分含量增加,胡敏素的相对含量增加最大,胡敏酸次之,富里酸最小.与相应非转基因对照相比,转Bt基因棉花残体处理土壤各腐殖质组分含量...     

黑木耳霉变前后的傅里叶变换红外光谱研究

为了检验红外光谱技术在食品安全上的判断能力,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪测试了未霉变黑木耳和霉变黑木耳样晶的红外光谱.对比它们的红外光谱,两者在羟基和氨基叠加吸收峰、脂类物质吸收峰的频率位置上有较大差异,分别相差23.31和13.42 cm<'-1>.对羟基和氨基的叠加吸收带进行曲线拟合,发现霉变前后羟基和氨基的比例发生较...     

Time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: Application to pulsed discharges

Time-resolved Fourier transform spectroscopy (TR-FTS) is reviewed, with emphasis on synchronous FTS using continuously scanning interferometers. By using a high-resolution Bruker IFS 120 HR, a TR-FTS method has been developed with the help of a microcontroller SX, where a maximum of 64 time-resolved data are recorded with a preset time interval in a single scan of the interferometer. The time resolution is 1 μs, limited by the response time of the detector system used. This method has been applied to a pulsed discharge in an Ar and H₂ mixture to observe time profiles of ArH⁺ and ArH emission spectra. Electronic transitions of He₂ have been observed in the infrared region with this method, and from the time profiles, He₂ in Rydberg states with higher energy than the b³Π state is found to be produced efficiently in afterglow plasma. Fifteen bands in the 2300-8000 cm⁻¹ region have been assigned by using previously reported data from the optical region. A new band from the 5f state has been assigned for the first time through the 5f-4d band in the 2600 cm⁻¹ region.     

Frictionless mirror drive for intermediate resolution infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy

A simple and compact parallelogram mirror drive based on flexure pivots suitable for intermediate resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy is presented. The system permits 12 mm of mirror translation with a residual tilt of less than ±0.4 mrad in the horizontal plane and ±0.2 mrad in the vertical plane. A system prototype was built and fully characterized for a Fourier transform spectrometer operating on a stratospheric balloon.     

Characterization of 4H-SiC substrates and epilayers by Fourier transform infrared reflectance spectroscopy

The infrared reflectance spectra of both 4H–SiC substrates and epilayers are measured in a wave number range from 400 cm 1 to 4000 cm 1 using a Fourier-transform spectrometer. The thicknesses of the 4H–SiC epilayers and the electrical properties, including the free-carrier concentrations and the mobilities of both the 4H–SiC substrates and the epilayers, are characterized through full line-shape fitting analyses. The correlations of the theoretical spectral profiles with the 4H–SiC electrical properties in the 30 cm 1 –4000 cm 1 and 400 cm 1 –4000 cm 1 spectral regions are established by introducing a parameter defined as error quadratic sum. It is indicated that their correlations become stronger at a higher carrier concentration and in a wider spectral region (30 cm 1 –4000 cm 1 ). These results suggest that the infrared reflectance technique can be used to accurately determine the thicknesses of the epilayers and the carrier concentrations, and the mobilities of both lightly and heavily doped 4H–SiC wafers.     

Rapid detection of sucrose adulteration in honey using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Abstract

Honey authenticity is of great importance for commercial and health reasons. The most common adulteration methods are overfeeding of bees with sugar or by adding sucrose. In the study, a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy based on chemometric method, a partial least squares, for determination of sucrose sirup adulteration of Turkish honeys was improved. For this purpose, honey samples were adulterated with known amounts of sucrose sirup in concentrations ranging between 5.94 and 27.80%. A calibration curve was constructed within 992–923?cm^?1 with the regression coefficient of 0.999. Obtained results from the spectra were confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography-refractive index detector and a good correlation was found between the results of the spectroscopic and chromatographic methods. Additionally, some method validation parameters (linearity, repeatability, limit of detection, and quantification) of the spectroscopic method were studied and obtained results were compared with chromatographic method. To prove the usefulness of the method, twenty different honey samples were collected from markets in Turkey and analyzed for sucrose contents. The results indicated that predicted sucrose concentration of honey samples by the spectroscopic method ranged between 4.52 and 15.16% and results were confirmed by the chromatographic method with high correlation (correlation coefficient = 92%). The results of the present indicated showed that adulteration ratio of honey samples by sugar addition can be detected using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique in a short time with high accuracy. In conclusion, this method could be regarded as a new alternative technique for routine analysis in quality control of honey samples.     

Advances in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of biological tissues

This article reviews some of the recent advances on FTIR spectroscopy in areas related to natural tissues and cell biology. It is an update on our previously published review on the applications of spectroscopic methods employed for the analysis of biological molecules, and summarizes some of the most widely used peak frequencies and their assignments. The aim of this review is to update and consolidate our previously published spectral database, which will help researchers in defining the chemical structure of the biological tissues introducing most of the important peaks present in the natural tissues more precisely and accurately. In spite of applying different methods, there seems to be a considerable similarity in defining the peaks of identical areas of the FTIR spectra. As a result, it is believed that preparing a unique collection of the frequencies encountered in FTIR spectroscopic studies can provide substantial help for future studies. In this article, we have included recent studies that have been reported since previous publication that will be of considerable assistance and added value to those who are focusing their research on defining chemical pathway to the progression of different diseases.     

Spectroscopic analysis of bladder cancer tissues using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancers in Africa. It takes several days to reach a diagnosis using histological examinations of specimens obtained by endoscope, which increases the medical expense. Recently, spectroscopic analysis of bladder cancer tissues has received considerable attention as a diagnosis technique due to its sensitivity to biochemical variations in the samples. This study investigated the use of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to analyze a number of bladder cancer tissues. Twenty-two samples were collected from 11 patients diagnosed with bladder cancer from different hospitals without any pretreatment. From each patient two samples were collected, one normal and another cancerous. FTIR spectrometer was used to differentiate between normal and cancerous bladder tissues via changes in spectra of these samples. The investigations detected obvious changes in the bands of proteins (1650, 1550 cm^–1), lipids (2925, 2850 cm^–1), and nucleic acid (1080, 1236 cm^–1). The results show that FTIR spectroscopy is promising as a rapid, accurate, nondestructive, and easy to use alternative method for identification and diagnosis of bladder cancer tissues.     

基于FT-NIR的微生物快速鉴定方法研究

微生物细胞的傅里叶变换近红外光谱(Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy,FT-NIR)反映了细胞成分的分子振动信息,具有的高度特异性,为寻求一种基于FT-NIR的微生物快速鉴定方法提供了可能。文章通过采集1株酵母和5株细菌标准菌株的近红外漫反射光谱,采用主成分分析法对光谱数据进行了分析,构建了基于FT-NIR的微生物快速鉴定模型。分析结果表明:①光谱鉴别指数Dy1y2值范围为1.61±1.05～10.97±6.65,重现性良好;②建立的基于线性判别分析模型的鉴定准确率为100%,基于人工神经网络模型的预测结果平均相对误差为5.75%,预测准确率高。研究结果证实该方法可以实现基于FT-NIR结合多元数学统计方法的微生物快速鉴定,并具有广阔的产业应用前景。     

Microcomputers in Fourier transform spectroscopy

With the rapid advancement of VLSI technologies, microcomputer systems with relatively fast CPU processing time and electronic memory (RAM) of 1 Mbyte are now available at a reasonably low cost. We discuss the interfacing of microcomputers with 6502, 8086 and 68000 CPU to an FTS system. The performance of some A/D converters and microcomputer-controlled micropositioners available commercially are also discussed.     

Characterization of 4Hben SiC substrates and epilayers by Fourier transform infrared reflectance spectroscopy

The infrared reflectance spectra of both 4H-SiC substrates and epilayers are measured in a wave number range from 400 cm^-1 to 4000 cm^-1 using a Fourier-transform spectrometer. The thicknesses of the 4H-SiC epilayers and the electrical properties, including the free-carrier concentrations and the mobilities of both the 4H-SiC substrates and the epilayers, are characterized through full line-shape fitting analyses. The correlations of the theoretical spectral profiles with the 4H-SiC electrical properties in the 30 cm^-1-4000 cm^-1 and 400 cm^-1-4000 cm^-1 spectral regions are established by introducing a parameter defined as error quadratic sum. It is indicated that their correlations become stronger at a higher carrier concentration and in a wider spectral region (30 cm^-1-4000 cm^-1). These results suggest that the infrared reflectance technique can be used to accurately determine the thicknesses of the epilayers and the carrier concentrations, and the mobilities of both lightly and heavily doped 4H-SiC wafers.     

基于傅里叶变换红外光谱法CO2气体碳同位素比检测研究

介绍了基于傅里叶变换红外技术检测CO₂气体碳同位素比的新方法, 详细介绍了如何从HITRAN红外数据库中提取气体标准吸收截面; 介绍了基于非线性最小二乘法反演CO₂气体碳同位素比和整套实验装置的组成及实验步骤. 从理论和实验分析两方面讨论了温度和气压变化对δ¹³CO₂值的影响规律. 对于同一CO₂标准气体, 采用FTIR和同位素质谱法两种技术进行了δ¹³CO₂值对比检测, 两种测量技术的平均值差异仅为0.25%. 从实验结果可以看出, FTIR技术可以实现对CO₂气体碳同位素比的检测.     

InAs/GaAs quantum dot infrared photodetectors with different growth temperatures

InAs/GaAs quantum dot infrared photodetectors were fabricated with quantum dots grown at three different temperatures. Large detection wavelength shift (5–14.5 μm) was demonstrated by changing 40 degrees of the epitaxy temperature. The smaller quantum dots grown at lower temperature generate 14.5 μm responses. The detectivity of the normal incident 15 μm QDIP at 77 K is 3 × 10⁸ cm Hz^1/2/W. A three-color detector was also demonstrated with quantum dots grown at medium temperature. The three-color detection comes from two groups of different sizes of dots within one QD layer. This new type of multicolor detector shows unique temperature tuning behavior that was never reported before.