学会选用食物,补充微量元素

补钙食物：畜类、虾类、谷类、黑色食品。补镁食物：蜂产品、昆虫类、叶菜类、水果类、鱼类。补锌食物：鱼类、贝类、豆类、蜂产品、昆虫类、禽类。补铁食物：禽类、黑色食品、叶菜类、菌类、昆虫类、动物血。补铜食物：虾类、贝类、瓜茄类、坚果类。     

微量元素既可载舟又可覆舟

元素科学、生命科学、关乎民生、关乎国运。 元素医学、平衡医学、无病不防、无病不治。 头发检测、活体检测、检测已病、检测未病。     

微量元素与癌症

一、肝癌:肝癌患者体内硒、锌、锰、铁较低,铜、镍、铝升高。二、胃肠癌:胃肠癌患者体内锌、钼、钴等明显降低,铜、镍明显升高。三、食管癌:食管癌患者体内硒、锌、铁、锰、钼、镁等缺乏,铜和铜/锌升高。四、肺癌:肺癌患者体内锰、硒、锌、锶等明显降低,铜、镍、砷含量升高。五     

CONTENTS OF VOLUME 4 February 1995 Volume 4 Number 1

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微量元素与食物

含钙高的食物:牛奶、黄豆、乳制品、海参、海带、蚕豆、豆制品、芝麻酱、虾皮、燕麦、小麦、酸奶、牛肉等。含镁高的食物:荷叶、香蕉、黄豆、蕃茄、绿豆、红小豆、蕃石榴、蜂蜜、燕麦等。含锌高的食物:牡蛎、猪肝、鱼类、高锌鸡蛋、板栗、核桃、红枣、黄鳝、海参等。含铁高的食     

微量元素既可载舟又可覆舟

元素科学、生命科学,关乎民生、关乎国运。元素医学、平衡医学,无病不防、无病不治。头发检测、活体检测,检测已病、检测未病。元素调理、食物调理,调理聪明、调理健康。     

微量元素既可载舟又可覆舟

元素科学、生命科学,关乎民生、关乎国运。 元素医学、平衡医学,无病不防、无病不治。 头发检测、活体检测,检测已病、检测未病。 元素调理、食物调理,调理聪明、调理健康。     

微量元素既可载舟又可覆舟

元素科学、生命科学,关乎民生、关乎国运。元素医学、平衡医学,无病不防、无病不治。头发检测、活体检测,检测已病、检测未病。元素调理、食物调理,调理聪明、调理健康。     

不锈钢的 X射线荧光光谱分析

用高性能飞利浦PW2400X射线荧光光谱仪,测定不锈钢中Al、Si、P、S、Ti、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、As、Mo、Sn、W、Fe15个元素。给出了各元素的干扰校正系数和基体效应校正系数。方法准确、灵敏、稳定性好、速度快。     

微量元素既可载舟又可覆舟

元素科学、生命科学,关乎民生、关乎国运。 元素医学、平衡医学,无病不防、无病不治。 头发检测、活体检测,检测已病、检测未病。 元素调理、食物调理,调理聪明、调理健康。     

Computer-assisted optimization of selectivity (mobile phase,pH, and ion concentration) in high-perfomance liquid chromatography

A computer-assisted method is presented for optimization of mobile phase composition in reverse-phase and normal-phase HPLC. The method is based on window diagrams, but only three preliminary tests are required. The method is successfully applied to two examples and there is good agreement between predicted and experimental results. Optimal values for ion concentration and pH in ion chromatography from a published optimization method are compared to values calculated using the computer-assisted method presented in this paper. The same results are obtained, but the method presented here is simpler and faster than previously published one.     

一种提高化妆品中甲醛含量检测的稳定性和灵敏度的双波长光谱方法

提出了一种基于双波长光谱法(以500 nm吸光度为基准并结合414 nm处的吸光度)快速测定化妆品中甲醛含量的方法。结果表明:采用单波长的计算方法(不考虑基线漂移)产生的误差时,平行试验结果之间的相对标准偏差(RSD)可达11.5%,而该方法的RSD最大仅为0.46%。同时该方法能够有效地校正扣除萃取液颜色和基线漂移的影响,且定量下限为7.4 mg/kg。该方法具有分析时间短、操作便捷、灵敏度高、结果准确的优点,适用于化妆品中甲醛的检测。     

An improved sealed quartz‐tube method for the determination of hydrogen isotopes in water

Hydrogen stable isotope analysis has been a valuable tool in the fields of geochemistry and ecological research as well as many other research fields. The methods are mainly divided into the dual‐inlet method (off‐line method) and continuous flow method. The dual‐inlet method is complicated and inefficient, but it is still important because of its high precision and wide application range. Although the continuous flow method improves the experimental efficiency, the memory effect is noticeable and the accuracy is reduced. An improved sealed quartz‐tube method is proposed in this paper. The sample is sealed in a capillary tube and placed in a quartz tube containing chromium powder. It is then packaged, evacuated, reacted at a high temperature, and analyzed for hydrogen isotope ratio. Excellent data accuracy, good reproducibility (<1‰), and no memory effect occurred in the method. The process is relatively simple, and the experimental efficiency is greatly improved, which provides an effective method for the analysis of hydrogen isotopes in complex liquid samples.     

X射线荧光光谱法测定催化原料高岭土化学成分的研究

采用LiBO2熔样,X射线荧光光谱仪测定了高岭土的化学组成,结果表明,测定值与化学法及推荐值相符,重复测定高岭土主、次量组分的相对标准偏差小于0.83%,方法简便快捷,分析时间仅为传统湿法化学分析的1/8,应用于高岭土的测定,结果满意。     

重铬酸钾容量法测定地质样品中的有机碳

目前,地质样品中有机碳的测定方法有干烧法（高温电炉灼烧）和湿烧法（重铬酸钾氧化）两大类。另外还有ICP-AES法、微波消解法、过硫酸钾法、电导法、石墨电热消解法、比色法等,然而这些有机碳测定方法仍然存在许多不尽如人意的地方。干烧法要求实验条件苛刻,操作繁琐,不易掌握,受碳酸盐的干扰。湿烧法虽然操作比较简单,但方法受样品中还原性物质的干扰,如氯根、亚铁等,上述方法都有待完善和优化改进。如：探索因不同样品基体差异而产生的干扰元素消除方法;寻找更合适的指示剂;本文采 用重铬酸钾-容量法测定地质样品中的有机碳,在220±10℃恒温电热板上,用0.4 mol/mL重铬酸钾溶解样品。通过优化熔矿温度、熔矿时间、熔剂浓度的优化选择,进行了氯离子的干扰试验。样品中含氯化物低的样品通过加入0.1 g硫酸银消除,样品中含氯化物高的样品通过高温灼烧减量消除。氧化指示剂选用邻菲啰啉或苯二氨基苯甲酸。本方法适用于土壤、水系沉积物、岩石等地质调查样品中有机碳的测定,方法相对标准偏差（RSD）在0.80%～4.41%之间,准确度（RE）在-3.15%～+1.15%之间。通过标准物质验证,方法技术指标满足地质行业规范DZ/T0130.4-2006中有机碳的分析要求,建立了一种简单、快捷、经济、准确的测定地质样品中有机碳的测定方法,满足地球化学调查批量样品生产的需要。     

Determination of vanadium in biological tissue by anion exchange chromatography and neutron activation analysis

A method is described for determination of vanadium in biological tissues. This method consists of a wet digestion of the tissue with nitric acid followed by anion exchange chromatography, neutron irradiation, and radioassay. The chromatographic separation will allow the decontamination of vanadium from radioactivatable sodium and chlorine which are present in large quantities in biological tissues. The validity of the method is evaluated by employing NBS-SRM 157 and 157a Bovine Liver employing the method of standard additions. The method is successfully applied to human, cow and rat liver specimens. The detection limit of the method is one ppb.     

Bayesian calibration

Two methods of analyzing calibration data are compared: the familiar least-squares method and an empirical Bayes method. The least-squares method uses the information obtained from the current calibration run but ignores all information obtained from previous runs. The empirical Bayes method uses the current information plus summarized information from past calibration runs, e.g., estimates of the means and variances of the parameters. Both methods are applied to simulated and real data. The empirical Bayes method is defined for any number of calibration standards, while the definition of the least-squares method requires modification when the number of standards is less than the number of parameters. The absolute error in predicting unknown analyte concentrations is used as a measure of goodness of calibration. When only one or two standards are used, the Bayes method results in better calibration than the least-squares method; e.g., with one standard, the average error with the Bayes method is at least 30% less than that with the least-squares method. The Bayes method is most useful when (i) run-to-run variation in calibration parameters is small (yet large enough to warrant regular calibration), (ii) residual error is significant, and (iii) it is desirable to use few calibration standards.     

On-Line Standard Addition Technique for the Determination of Elements in the Samples with High Dissolved Solids by ICP-OES: Application to Determination of Rare Earth Elements in Geological Samples

A simple and rapid on-line standard addition method for analysis of samples with high dissolved solids by ICP-OES is reported. The method involves on-line addition of standard solutions to the sample using a T-piece, prior to the sample introduction system. The standard addition method is commonly used in the analysis of samples with complex matrices. However, the conventional standard addition method is a tedious and time-consuming process. Therefore, in this study, on-line standard addition technique was offered to significantly decrease the analysis time and increase the simplicity of the standard addition method. The performance of the proposed method was tested by determination of rare earth elements in geological samples. This method showed a high level of accuracy in comparison with external calibration and internal standard addition methods.     

叠加内标法色谱定量分析

 叠加内标法是指在色谱定量分析中将内标法与叠加法结合的一种新的定量方法。叙述了叠加内标法定量的理论依据 ,规定了其操作步骤 ,并详细说明了这种方法的适用条件和优缺点。     

A combination of the tree-code and IPS method to simulate large scale systems by molecular dynamics

An IPS/Tree method which is a combination of the isotropic periodic sum (IPS) method and tree-based method was developed for large-scale molecular dynamics simulations, such as biological and polymer systems, that need hundreds of thousands of molecules. The tree-based method uses a hierarchical tree structure to reduce the calculation cost of long-range interactions. IPS/Tree is an efficient method like IPS/DFFT, which is a combination of the IPS method and FFT in calculating large-scale systems that require massively parallel computers. The IPS method has two different versions: IPSn and IPSp. The basic idea is the same expect for the fact that the IPSn method is applied to calculations for point charges, while the IPSp method is used to calculate polar molecules. The concept of the IPS/Tree method is available for both IPSn and IPSp as IPSn/Tree and IPSp/Tree. Even though the accuracy of the Coulomb forces with tree-based method is well known, the accuracy for the combination of the IPS and tree-based methods is unclear. Therefore, in order to evaluate the accuracy of the IPS/Tree method, we performed molecular dynamics simulations for 32,000 bulk water molecules, which contains around 10(5) point charges. IPSn/Tree and IPSp/Tree were both applied to study the interaction calculations of Coulombic forces. The accuracy of the Coulombic forces and other physical properties of bulk water systems were evaluated. The IPSp/Tree method not only has reasonably small error in estimating Coulombic forces but the error was almost the same as the theoretical error of the ordinary tree-based method. These facts show that the algorithm of the tree-based method can be successfully applied to the IPSp method. On the other hand, the IPSn/Tree has a relatively large error, which seems to have been derived from the interaction treatment of the original IPSn method. The self-diffusion and radial distribution functions of water were calculated each by both the IPSn/Tree and IPSp/Tree methods, where both methods showed reasonable agreement with the Ewald method. In conclusion, the IPSp/Tree method is a potentially fast and sufficiently accurate technique for predicting transport coefficients and liquid structures of water in a homogeneous system.