共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
D. K. Teherani 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1987,118(6):421-426
The concentration of the radionuclides103Ru,134Cs and137Cs in sewage sludge samples which were collected between July and September 1986, were measured by -ray spectrometry. High concentration of103Ru,134Cs and137Cs were found in sewage sludge samples from Lower-Austria /Scheibbs, Zwettl/ and Styria /Eisenerz, Leoben/. the radioactivity concentration of137Cs was two times higher than that of134Cs. Following concentration values were found:103Ru 0.1–63.0 nCi kg–1,134Cs 0.3–41.6 nCi kg–1, and137Cs 0.3–83.3 nCi kg–1. The activity of these nuclides decreased from July 1986 to September 1986. 相似文献
2.
D. K. Teherani 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1988,126(6):401-406
Many mushrooms from Austria collected between May 25 and September 21, 1987 were analyzed for137Cs and134Cs by -spectroscopy one year after the reactor accident at Chernobyl. The following concentrations /nCi kg–1 wet weight/ were found:137Cs 0.4–43.2 nCi kg–1,134Cs 0.1–16.4 nCi kg–1. The concentration of cesium isotopes in Cantharellus cibarius /Klagenfurt/ and Xerocomus badius /Upper-Austria, Mühlviertel/ were considerably higher than the tolerance level /5 nCi kg–1/. 相似文献
3.
D. K. Teherani 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1987,118(6):409-414
Various samples from Styria /grass/ and Salzburg /cheese/ were analyzed for131I,134Cs and137Cs concentration during April–July 1986 by -ray spectrometry. The concentrations are reported in nCi kg–1 wet weight. The concentration values found for131I 0.2–17.2 nCi kg–1 /grass/, 0.1–0.5 nCi kg–1 /cheese/, for134Cs 1.1–6.2 nCi kg–1 /grass/, 0.2–1.3 nCi kg–1 /cheese/, for137Cs 1.6–15.7 nCi kg–1 /grass/, 0.3–2.2 nCi kg–1 /cheese/. While radioactivity of131I,134Cs and137Cs in cheese samples increases from May to June, it decreases in grass samples from May to July 1986. 相似文献
4.
B. Constantinescu D. Galeriu E. Ivanov G. Pascovici D. Ploştinaru 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1990,144(6):429-437
Results of post-Chernobyl measurement on some foodstuff samples /eggs, meat, fruit, honey, medicinal herbs/ from South-Eastern Roumania are presented. Gamma-ray spectrometry was used; the radioactive concentration values are given in nCi.kg–1 wet weight. A strong decrease in concentrations for eggs from 6–7 May /3.0–7.4 nCi for131I, 0.25–0.40 nCi for134Cs, 0.40–0.85 nCi for137Cs per one egg, mainly in the yolk/ to 19–25 May /0.3–1.0 nCi for131I, 0.15–0.25 nCi for134Cs, 0.25–0.40 nCi for137Cs/ was observed. The mean values for lamb meat /joint muscle/ were 500 nCi.kg–1 for131I, 12 nCi.kg–1 for134Cs, 22 nCi.kg–1 for137Cs /18–25 May/. Relatively reduced values were found for fruits, e.g. compared to dairy products1. In May–June 1986, the food consumption in Roumania was strictly limited and controlled by competent authorities. 相似文献
5.
B. Constantinescu D. Galeriu E. A. Ivanov G. Pascovici D. Plostinaru 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1988,128(1):15-21
Various samples from the south-east region of Roumania/greens, fodder, cheese/were analyzed for131I,134Cs and137Cs concentrations in May and July 1986 by -ray spectrometry. The concentrations are reported in nCi. kg–1 wet weight. For greens, a considerable decrease was observed for131I/to 3.0–7.0 nCi. kg–1/,134Cs/to 0.5–2.0 nCi.kg–1/ and137Cs /to 1.0–4.0 nCi. kg–1/ from the first half /5–15 May/ till the end of May 1986. For cheese, maximum values were measured between 5 and 15 May /sheep cottage cheese: 500–800 nCi.kg–1 for131I, 25–50 nCi. kg–1 for134Cs, 40–80 nCi. kg–1 for137Cs/; at the beginning of July a considerable decrease /to 5–10 nCi. kg–1 for131I, 1.2–2.0 nCi.kg–1 for134Cs, 2.2–3.0 nCi. kg–1 for137Cs/ was observed. In autumn 1986 a small increase up to 2.0–3.0 nCi. kg–1 for134Cs and 3.4–5.0 nCi. kg–1 for137Cs /in November/ was reported. The population's internal possible contamination was strongly limited by the authorities' severe control of the food-stuff. 相似文献
6.
The evolution of Chernobyl103Ru,134Cs and137Cs in accumulated fallout is rigorously followed. The103Ru activity of about 12 kBq.m–2 in the middle of May 1986 became insignificant at the end of 1986, while the levels of134Cs and137Cs have changed during 3 years from 2.5 kBq.m–2, respectively, 5 kBq.m–2 to about 0.9 kBq.m–2, respectively 4.7 kBq.m–2 according to their proper half-lives. 相似文献
7.
R. Smiljanić D. Novković D. Paligorić Z. Milošević M. Zarić 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1989,136(6):437-442
This paper presents the results of measurements of137Cs and134Cs content in air sampled during May 1986. Maximum concentrations:137Cs 2.94±0.01 Bq m–3 and134Cs 1.38±0.01 Bq m–3 were registered on May 3. Several other long lived radionuclides having -energies in the region 33 keV to 1365 keV were registered in the same samples two years later. The results of measurements of the total -activity in air for the same period are also presented. 相似文献
8.
Two sets of calibration standards for134Cs and137Cs were prepared by small serial dilution of a natural matrix standard reference material, IAEA-154 whey powder. The first set was intended to screen imported milk powders which were suspected to be contaminated with134Cs and137Cs. Therefore the concentration range of the calibration standards were about 40–400 Bq/kg. The precision of the preparation of the standard with about 7 Bq/kg of134Cs and 39 Bq/kg of137Cs at measurement time was 7.4% and 3.2%, respectively. The preparation of a similar standard by spiking the matrix with radioisotope solutions resulted in a poorer precision, about double that of the former technique. The other set of calibration standards was prepared to measure the environmental levels of137Cs in commercial Venezuelan milk powders. Their concentration ranged from 3–10 Bq/kg of137Cs. The accuracy of these calibration curves was checked by using IAEA-152 and A-14 milk powders. Their measured values were in good agreement with their certified values. Finally, it is shown that these preparation techniques by serial dilution of a standard reference material were simple, rapid, precise, accurate and cost-effective.This work was partly funded by a research contract PC-075 from the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICIT). 相似文献
9.
M. Aoyama K. Hirose Y. Sugimura 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1987,116(2):291-306
The wet and dry deposition of gamma-emitting nuclides are presented for Tsukuba and eleven stations in Japan following the nuclear reactor accident at Chernobyl'. In Japan fallout from the reactor at Chernobyl' was first detected on May 3, 1986, a week after the accident. Abruptly high radioactive deposition, which mainly consists of131I,132I,103Ru,137Cs and134Cs, was observed in early May. The cumulative amount of131I,103Ru and137Cs in May at Tsukuba were 5854±838 Bq·m–2, 364±54 Bq·m–2 and 130±26 Bq·m–2 (decay was corrected to April 26), respectively. The monthly137Cs deposition in May corresponds to 2.5% of the cumulative137Cs deposition during the period from 1960 through 1982. Most of the Chernobyl' radioactivities, especially131I, are scavenged from the atmosphere by the wet removal process. 相似文献
10.
Radiocesium concentrations in cow's milk from two producing districts in Japan were measured monthly for three years following the Chernobyl accident. The Chernobyl contribution in137Cs concentration was evaluated from the134Cs concentration and the137Cs/134Cs ratio. The highest137Cs concentration of 0.6 Bq l–1 was observed in May 1986 and the Chernobyl contribution has decreased during three years to levels corresponding to the contribution from past nuclear weapons fallout. Annual values of child internal dose through milk consumption were estimated at 0.6, 0.3 and 0.1 Sv for the first, the second and the third year following the accident, respectively. 相似文献
11.
D. Mascanzoni 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1992,161(2):483-488
After the Chernobyl accident high concentrations of radionuclides were found in Sweden in mushrooms and the contents of90Sr and137Cs were measured. The level of90Sr was generally low and, in proportion to137Cs, 2–3 orders of magnitude lower than in the fallut. The contents of137Cs varied among species and extreme local variations occurred. The ratio134Cs/137Cs diverged from other biological samples leading to the conclusion that old fallout was involved in the uptake. 相似文献
12.
Ü. Demirezen H. Koru T. Koyoma 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1993,172(2):223-230
In134Cs uptake by the roots of orchard grass and beans planted in three different lands of soil has been studied. For this purpose, a134Cs radionuclide solution having 0.3086 Ci/pot radioactivity was added to Ando, Serpentine and Alluial and Clay soil which were fertilized by Standard, –K, +Ca, Water limited and Control for both orchard grass and bean groups. Thus, the above mentioned groups have been harvested and left to dry. The contamination levels these plants have been detected and measured by using an HPGe detector interactively working with MCA. Finally, it has been determined that the134Cs uptakes depend primarily on soil characteristics. Besides the decrease in the134Cs activity for the plants grown in soils to which the stable cesium or potassium was added 0.011–1.38 per cent activity for the root of plants grown in free K soils was observed. Moreover, highest134Cs activity has been determined for the plants grown in –K fertilized soil with respect to the other soil samples. 相似文献
13.
L'. Puskeiler J. Miššík P. Mikláš 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1996,209(2):295-299
The results of radiocesium activity of some foodstuffs imported to the Slovak Republic in the period from January 1988 to July 1995 are presented. The analysed samples were homogenized, packed into 0.451 Marinelli beakers and then measured by direct semiconductor, -spectrometry for 10 000–50 000 seconds. The levels of137Cs in various foodstuffs varied quite widely from Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA)=0.4 to 80.2 Bq/kg. Concentrations of137Cs in fish and fish products were in general higher than those in beef and pork. 相似文献
14.
N. Păunescu R. Mărgineanu A. Iorgulescu 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1988,128(4):263-271
This work shows the variation of90Sr and137Cs in atmospheric fallout in the Bucharest-Mgurele area during 1986–1987. The amount of90Sr in the fallout was estimated to be about 900 Bq.m–2 in 1986 and about 9.2 Bq.m–2 in 1987. The amount of137Cs was estimated to be 13300 and 615 Bq.m–2 in 1986 and 1987, respectively. 相似文献
15.
The biological half-life of137Cs in snails Helix pomatia after a single administration of contaminated diet has been investigated. The calculation was based on the retention of137Cs in snails in vivo. It was found that loss of cesium from snails can be explained by a two-exponential retention curve leading to biological loss constants B
1=0.27 d–1 and B
2=0.024 d–1, which correspond to biological half-lives of TB
1=2.5 d and TB
2=28.5 d respectively. The equation describing the retention of137Cs in snails is also presented. 相似文献
16.
The210Pb and137Cs profiles of sediment cores from two locations in southern Spain, three locations in southern Turkey and two locations in northern Cyprus were determined by direct -ray spectroscopy. Sedimentation rates were derived for all locations using the210Pb data. The rates range from 1.39±0.12 cm · y–1 (0.50±0.04 g · cm–2 · y–1) to 0.08±0.01 cm · y–1 (0.039±0.003 g · cm–2 · y–1). Except for one core, the137Cs profiles were also used to compute sedimentation rates. The results are in good agreement with those of210Pb values. The results of the Constant Initial Concenration and Constant Rate of Supply dating models are in good agreement with each other. The flux of unsupported210Pb varies between 0.11±0.03 to 0.74±0.01 pCi · cm–2. The average depositional flux was found to be considerably lower for cores from the Eastern Mediterranean. 相似文献
17.
S. S. Ismail P. Dolezel V. Karg 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1995,200(4):315-336
Various mushroom species have been analyzed for their elemental composition (i.e., Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Sr and Zn) by means of ICP-AES. The accuracy of the measurements was confirmed by analyzing a series of the same samples by short time activation analysis. The data were evaluated statistically including the values of137Cs. The results denote that the distribution of these elements and their correlation of these elements and their correlation coefficients are highly distinctive for each mushroom species. K, Na and P were found to correlate negatively with137Cs in most species. Suillus grevillei and Cantharellus cibarius show high Be values (0.27 and 0.30 g g–1, respectively), while Pb was high in Suillus grevillei (16.3 g g–1) and Amanita rubescens (9.3 g g–1). Higher levels of Cd were found in Rozites caperata and Russula vesca with a mean of 9.2 and 16.1 g g–1, respectively. Cluster analysis was applied to classify these samples according to their botanical species using their elemental composition. The concentrations of Al, Cr, Mn, Na and137Cs have no influence on the classification of these samples. 相似文献
18.
The possibilities of extraction-chromatographic separation of137mBa from137Cs in genetic succession were studied, using columns filled with support beads loaded with the extractant H+[)–(3)–1,2–B9C2H11]2Co–, further referred to as dicarbolide-H+, in nitrobenzene. The dependence of the amount of separable activities on experimental conditions was established. Optimal conditions were selected for the separation process. The effects of isotopic and nonisotopic carriers of137mBa on the separation and the degree on saturation of extraction-chromatographic column with Ba2+ ions were evaluated. The effects of acidity of the elution solutions, of flow-through velocity, the amount of elution solution and the quality of carrier beads on the separation process were assessed. The extraction-chromatographic yield was calculated and the number of possible repeated elution cycles for137mBa with saline and some other eluents was determined. 相似文献
19.
D. L. Anderson W. C. Cunningham 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1995,194(2):351-357
Fifteen maple syrups were analyzed for137Cs and K (via40K) by using a low-background -ray counting system, and for B and K by using neutron capture prompt -ray activation analysis (PGAA). For low-background -ray counting, 3 limits of detection (24-hour counts) were 0.03 Bq137Cs/kg and 10 mg K/kg for 3.5-L portions and 0.08 Bq137Cs/kg and 20 mg K/kg for 1.0-L portions. K concentrations determined by the two methods (using 2-g portions for PGAA) were in excellent agreement. The products were obtained in 1991, with one produced in Maryland, three in New York, four in Pennsylvania, two in New Hampshire, and five in Canada. The average activity concentration for Canadian syrups (2.8 Bq137Cs/kg) was nearly a factor of 20 greater than the average (0.15 Bq137Cs/kg) for the other syrups, but all137Cs activity concentrations were at least 100 times lower than those for which controls would be recommended according to Federal Radiation Council guidance. The data exhibited distinct groupings related to the sources of the products when the ratios of137Cs activity to K content (BqCs/mgK) were plotted vs. B concentrations. 相似文献
20.
The approach is based on in-situ measurements performed with a portable high-resolution germanium -spectrometer and on calculations of the depth distribution by an unfolding method. To unfold the depht distribution of137Cs concentration in soil four detector responses and the iterative procedure SAND II were used. The detector responses consist of the responses to primary 662 keV photons and to photons scattered in soil with the rest energies of 620–655 keV. The detector is used with and without collimator. The method is sufficiently sensitive for measurements of137Cs concentration in soil 10 years after the Chernobyl accident. The results are compared to laboratory analyses of collected soil samples and with a standard method of in-situ spectrometry. 相似文献