影像科学与光化学（原名藏光科学与光化学）

本刊主要刊登影像科学和光化学领域的研究成果，同时刊登有关信息科学及信息材料，包括信息储存和记录、信息的处理和加工及信息显示材料等；光／电化学及光电子技术，包括光/电转换及储存材料、电光材料、非线性光学材料、纳米材料、电致发光材料及器件研究以及化学和物理发光等领域；光生物，光医学及生命科学与环境科学中的有关问题的新理论、新概念、新技术和新方法，以促进国内外的学术交流。     

纳米材料在生物学及医学领域的应用

任何化学物质如金属、半导体、核-壳杂化材料及有机高分子等均可形成纳米材料,由于纳米材料较小的粒径、较大的比表面积,使其具有优异的光学、电学、磁学及催化性能.利用物理、化学、生物学及医学等手段,可以对纳米材料的尺度、粒径分布、形貌、表面性质及带隙等进行调控,从而使其具有特殊的性质及应用.本文就纳米材料在生物学及医学领域包...     

影像科学与光化学(原名 感光科学与光化学)

<正>本刊主要刊登影像科学和光化学领域的研究成果,同时刊登有关信息科学及信息材料,包括信息储存和记录、信息的处理和加工及信息显示材料等;光/电化学及光电子技术,包括光/电转换及储存材料、电光材料、非线性光学材料、纳米材料、电致发光材料及器件研究以及化学和物理发光等领域;光生物,光医学及生命科学与环境科学中的有关问题的新理论、新概念、新技术和新方法.     

影像科学与光化学（原名感光科学与光化学）

本刊主要刊登影像科学和光化学领域的研究成果,同时刊登有关信息科学及信息材料,包括信息储存和记录、信息的处理和加工及信息显示材料等;光／电化学及光电子技术,包括光／电转换及储存材料、电光材料、非线性光学材料、纳米材料、电致发光材料及器件研究以及化学和物理发光等领域;     

交联壳聚糖微球及其接枝精氨酸树脂吸附性质的比较研究

研究了交联壳聚糖接枝精氨酸阴离子吸附树脂及交联壳聚糖微球吸附L-谷氨酸、β-内酰胺抗生素(青霉素G及氨苄青霉素)、尿素及Zn2+的动态吸附时间进程曲线及吸附容量。实验结果表明,交联壳聚糖接枝精氨酸阴离子吸附树脂对L-谷氨酸、青霉素G、氨苄青霉素、尿素及Zn2+的动态吸附平衡时间分别为120min、60min、75min、90min及50min,比交联壳聚糖微球分别缩短15min、15min、45min、45min、30min;对L-谷氨酸、青霉素G、氨苄青霉素、尿素及Zn2+的动态吸附容量分别是214.95mg/g干树脂、78.56mg/g干树脂、67.91mg/g干树脂、530mg/g干树脂及85.01mg/g干树脂,分别比交联壳聚糖微球提高了2.35倍、2.26倍、2.41倍、3.64倍和2.37倍。     

影像科学与光化学

<正>本刊刊登以下研究领域的创新成果:光化学、影像科学与技术、光电化学及光电子技术(包括光电转换及储存材料、电光材料、非线性光学材料、纳米材料、电致发光材料及器件)、信息科学及信息材料(包括遥感、信息存储和记录、图像信息处理、信息显示材料等)、光生物、光医学、环境光化学等。     

北京矿冶研究总院 测试研究设计所/国家重有色金属质量监督检验中心

以矿石、选冶产品、有色金属材料、矿用药剂、环境样品、稀贵金属、再生金属的检测及质量评价为核心．开展检测技术及标准化研究,为企业提供委托检验、仲裁检验、质量评价、方法开发、实验室设计及技术培训等专业化服务。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定艾叶挥发油化学成分

艾叶为菊科蒿属多年生草本植物艾的干燥叶,传统医学认为艾叶有理气血,逐寒湿、温经、止血、安胎等作用。现代研究证明,艾叶具有抗菌及抗病毒,平喘、镇咳及祛痰,止血及抗凝血,镇静及抗过敏,护肝利胆等作用。艾叶主要含挥发油、鞣质、黄酮类、甾醇类、多糖类和微量元素等成分。据文献报道艾叶挥发油中主要为桉油精、萜品烯醇、蒿醇、樟脑、龙     

《有机农药及中间体质谱手册》

该书是一部有机农药及中间体与代谢物的质谱工具书。全书共收集整理了1412种有机农药及中间体与代谢物,包括有机氯杀虫剂、有机磷杀虫剂、氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂、沙蚕毒素类杀虫剂、卫生及建筑害虫防治剂、拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂、其他杀虫剂、杀螨剂、增效剂、杀鼠剂、杀菌剂、除草剂、植物生长调节剂及农药中间体十四部分,几乎每个品种均列出     

CO2开关型溶剂、溶质及表面活性剂*

CO₂诱导的开关型溶剂、溶质及表面活性剂是指在通入和排出CO₂后,其溶液性质能发生可逆变化的新型溶剂、溶质及表面活性剂,是典型的环境刺激响应型智能化合物。本文综述了CO₂诱导的开关型溶剂、溶质及表面活性剂的结构、性能及研究进展,并指出了这些开关型溶剂、溶质及表面活性剂的发展方向及应用前景等。     

Study on PEG-（NH4）2SO4 Aqueous Two-Phase System and Distribution Behavior of Drugs

The distribution behavior of chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CPZ), procaine hydrochloride (PCN) and procaine amide hydrochloride (PCNA) in polyethylene glycol (PEG800 or PEG1500)-(NH4)2SO4 aqueous two-phase systems has been investigated. The result shows that the PEG-(NH4)2SO4 aqueous two-phase system has potential extraction capability in small molecular drug separation. In PEG800-(NH4)2SO4 system, the extraction efficiencies (E) of CPZ, PCN and PCNA amount to 92.8%, 74.5% and 74.4%, respectively, with the distribution coefficients (KD) being 25.7, 5.9 and 5.8, correspondingly. In PEG1500-(NH4)2SO4 system, the extraction efficiencies (E) of CPZ,PCN and PCNA are 93.7%, 71.3% and 63.2%, respectively, with distribution coefficients (KD) of 39.6, 6.6 and 5.0,correspondingly. Based on the study on ultraviolet and fluorescence spectra and also distribution behavior of the drugs in PEG-(NH4)2SO4 aqueous two-phase system, extraction mechanism was further proposed that both hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction are involved in extraction.     

醇与离子液体二元双水相体系萃取盐酸多西环素

基于小分子醇双水相体系和离子液体双水相体系,建立了正丙醇与亲水性离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸[Bmim]BF4和(NH4)2SO4形成的二元双水相体系萃取盐酸多西环素的新方法。考察了(NH4)2SO4含量、正丙醇用量、pH值、离子液体含量以及盐酸多西环素含量对盐酸多西环素分配行为的影响。结果表明:当醇和离子液体二元双水相体系的pH值在4.0～5.0范围内,(NH4)2SO4含量为34%,且盐酸多西环素的质量浓度在25～95 mg/L之间时,该体系对盐酸多西环素的萃取率可达90.26%～95.71%,分配系数可达62.452～149.401。     

聚乙二醇-硫酸铵双水相萃取次甲基蓝的研究

利用分光光度法研究了次甲基蓝在聚乙二醇-硫酸铵双水相体系的萃取行为,探索了质量配比(mPEc/m(NH4)2SO4)、温度和次甲基蓝的浓度对双水相及次甲基蓝萃取率(Y)的影响.实验表明:(1)在一定的温度和浓度下,随着mPEC/m(NH4)2SO4的减小,分配系数K( cup/clow)增加,萃取率Y略有减小;(2)在一定的质量配比和浓度下,分配系数K(cup/clow)随温度的升高而增大,但萃取率Y却基本保持不变;(3)在一定的质量配比和温度下,随着次甲基蓝浓度的增加,分配系数K(cup/clow)增大;萃取率Y略有增加.在mPEG/m( NH4) 2SO4为1.50∶1,c次甲基蓝=8.915×10-5mol/L、t=30℃的实验条件下,K(cup/clow)=22.14,萃取率(y)可达95.43％.     

Separation of endo-polygalacturonase using aqueous two-phase partitioning

The partitioning of endo-polygalacturonase (endo-PG) in polyethylene glycol (PEG)-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA10000) and PEG-hydroxypropyl starch (Reppal PES100) aqueous two-phase systems was studied, and revealed the possibility of using aqueous two-phase extraction to purify and concentrate endo-PG from its clarified fermentation broth. For the PEG8000-PVA10000 system, endo-PG presented in the fermentation broth (at concentration that is more than 40% of total protein) mainly dominates in the top phase with a partitioning coefficient of 6, while total protein concentrates in the bottom phase. A separation scheme consisting of two consecutive aqueous two-phase extraction steps was proposed: a first extraction in polyethylene glycol (PEG8000)-polyvinyl alcohol system, followed by a second extraction in PEG8000-(NH4)2SO4 system. This allowed the separation of endo-PG from polymer and the recycling of PEG polymer, since endo-PG was very strongly partitioned into the bottom phase of the PEG8000-(NH4)2SO4 system. Laboratory-scale experiments were performed to test the efficiency of this scheme. It was found that enzyme recovery was up to 91% with a total purification factor of about 1.9 and a concentration factor of more than 5. About 90% of the total PEG added into the systems can be recovered, and no reduction was obtained in the purification factor using recycled PEG.     

亲水醇/盐-水双液相体系萃取赤霉素的研究

由异丙醇/硫酸铵-水溶液组成的醇盐-水双液相萃取体系,可用于植物激素赤霉素的提取。研究了醇盐比、体系pH及赤霉素浓度对萃取结果的影响。结果表明在醇盐比(异丙醇/硫酸铵)为1.5mL/4.3g,体系酸度为pH4.0,赤霉素浓度小于0.064g/L时,赤霉素在该体系的一步提取率可达93.47%,富集倍数为11.36。发酵液中常含的氯化钠和葡萄糖,在最佳实验条件下对赤霉素的提取没有影响。用紫外、红外色谱等方法证实,异丙醇提取的赤霉素结构稳定,纯度高。绿豆发芽生长实验表明,该体系提取的赤霉素生物活性不变。     

Selective separation of cadmium from cobalt, copper, iron (III) and zinc by water-based two-phase system of tetrabutylammonium bromide

An aqueous two-phase system of tetrabutylammonim. bromide (TBAB) and (NH(4))(2)SO(4)mixture is proposed for the selective extraction of trace Cd(2+) from large amounts of Co(2+), Cu(2+), Fe(3+) and Zn(2+). Transparent two-phase system is prepared by mixing 3 ml of 1.0 mol/l TBAB, and 2 ml of sample solution and 1.1g of (NH(4))(2)SO(4), the two-phase system thus obtained is of 1.5 ml upper phase and 4.1 ml bottom phase. TBAB was distributed between the upper and bottom phases respectively, but the concentration in upper phase is much higher than that of the bottom phase. The results showed that Cd(2+) is selectively extracted into the upper phase in the pH ranges 1.0-9.0, while Co(2+) Cu(2+) and Fe(3+) ions were little extracted (<1%) at pH 3.0. Zinc ion was extracted to upper phase by about 24%, but it did not interfere the extraction of Cd(2+). The interaction between CdBr(4)(2-) and TBA(+) plays an important role in the extraction process.     

Extraction mechanism of Cr(VI) on the aqueous two-phase system of tetrabutylammonium bromide and (NH(4))(2)SO(4) mixture

An aqueous two-phase system of tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) and (NH(4))(2)SO(4) mixture has been developed for the extractive preconcentration and separation of certain compounds. TBAB concentration in upper phase is much higher than that of bottom solution. This new aqueous two-phase system is proposed for the highly selective extraction of Cr(VI) from large amounts of Cr(3+). The Cr(VI) is found to be extracted into the TBAB-rich upper phase due to ion pair formation such as HCrO(4)(-) . TBAB(+). The Cr(VI) was sufficiently extracted into the upper phase in the pH range from 1 to 5. The proposed method has been applied to the determination of trace of Cr(VI) in wastewater samples with a coefficient of variation less than 3.2%. The recovery obtained was not lower than 90%. The determination limit for the Cr(VI) was found to be 60 mug l(-1) in 10 ml of sample solution.     

醇/盐双水相体系中α-环己基扁桃酸手性分子识别

以含羟丙基-β-环糊精（HP-β-CD）手性识别剂的醇/盐双水相体系作为一种新型的手性识别萃取体系,研究了α-环己基扁桃酸(CHMA)对映体在其中的手性识别行为.详细考察了HP-β-CD浓度、CHMA浓度、乙醇和硫酸铵质量分数、体系温度和pH值等因素对CHMA对映体分配比（D）和分离因子(α)的影响.结果显示,含有手性识别剂HP-β-CD的乙醇∕硫酸铵双水相体系对CHMA对映体具有很强的手性识别能力;体系中HP-β-CD浓度、乙醇质量分数、温度和pH值等因素对对映体的分离度影响较大;在体系温度为40 ℃,pH值为2,乙醇质量分数为30%,硫酸铵质量分数为15%,HP-β-CD的浓度为50 g.L-1,CHMA浓度为0.5 mmol.L-1时,手性识别分离效果最佳,分离因子（α）达到了1.86.     

成相无机盐种类对PEG双水相相平衡影响

不同种类无机盐分别与PEG1000、PEG2000、PEG,4000和PEG6000构成双水相体系,在298.15K下,采用浊点滴定法研究双水相体系相平衡,通过Merchuk经验方程拟合实验点确定双水相体系的双节线,进而考察成相无机盐种类对PEG双水相相平衡的影响.结果表明:具有相同阴离子,易于形成双水相的无机盐顺序为...     

双水相萃取结合液相色谱法分离蛋白质

建立了PEG/( NH4)2SO4双水相体系萃取富集,结合液相色谱分离分析多种蛋白质的方法.考察了无机盐种类和浓度、PEG分子量、pH值和温度等因素对双水相形成以及对细胞色素C、肌红蛋白、牛血清白蛋白、溶菌酶、胰蛋白酶分配行为的影响.结果表明,上述5种蛋白在室温、pH 3.5～9.0范围内,可在15％ PEG-4000/10％ (NH4)2SO4双水相体系中得到富集,且主要集中在下相.同样条件下,血清中的高丰度蛋白在上下相均有分配,下相分配量较大.通过双水相萃取分离蛋白质及对液相色谱一定时间段的色谱峰收集,可初步实现血清中高丰度蛋白质的分离去除.