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1.
《化学:亚洲杂志》2017,12(23):2991-2995
A domino carbopalladation reaction of haloalkynes is presented. Remarkably, the four‐time carbopalladation process converts the carbon‐carbon triple bonds of haloalkynes stepwise into carbon–carbon double bonds, and finally to carbon‐carbon single bonds. Features of this reaction are that the carbon‐carbon double bonds of stable vinyl palladium intermediates are transformed into carbon‐carbon single bonds with the generation of unstable alkyl palladium intermediates. The subsequently formed π‐allylpalladium species are independently trapped by N ‐tosylhydrazones, boronic acids, and B2pin2 in a highly diastereoselective manner, delivering the corresponding polycyclic and twisted products with a bicyclo[3.2.1]oct‐2‐en‐3‐yl)tricyclo[3.2.1.02,4]octane core skeleton in moderate to good yields via C−C and C−B bond formations. Significantly, the dual roles of norbornenes, ring construction and ring expansion, and the identification of electron‐rich tri(2‐furyl)phosphine as the ligand are found to be critical for the success of these transformations.  相似文献   

2.
Hexafluoro-but-2-yne and actafluoro-but-2-ene both readily add to cyclopentadiene. Similar Diels-Alder reactions occur between hexafluoro-but-2-yne and cycloheptatriene and cyclooctatetraene. 2,3-Bis(trifluoromethyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene reacts with chromium and molybdenum hexacarbonyls, and with enneacarbonyl di-iron to give metal complexes [M(diene)(CO)4] (M = Cr, Mo) and [Fe(diene)(CO)3], respectively. 6,7-Bis-(trifluoromethyl)tricyclo[3.2.2.02,4]nona-6,8-diene obtained from hexafluoro-but-2-yne and cycloheptatriene and 7,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)tricyclo[4.2.2.02,5]deca-3,7,9-triene formed from hexafluoro-but-2-yne and cyclooctatetraene also react with molybdenum hexacarbonyl to form complexes of molybdenum di- and tetracarbonyl groups, respectively. 1H, 19F and 13C n.m.r. spectra of the compounds are described.  相似文献   

3.
HF and MP2 calculations with the 6-31G∗∗ and 6-311G∗∗ basis sets for the titled molecules and those at MP2/cc-pVTZ level for the hypothetical tricyclo[3.2.0.01,3]heptane indicate that the latter molecule should have a carbon atom with highly unusual configuration strongly departing from the tetrahedral one. Both analysis of vibrational frequencies of this molecules and comparison of its energy with those of known isomeric syn- and anti- tricyclo[3.2.0.02,4]heptanes as well as the DFT analysis of its plausible decomposition routes performed at the DFT level indicate that it could be a plausible synthetic target.  相似文献   

4.
The geometries of a fourfold bridged tricyclo[4.2.0.02,5]octa-3,7-diene ( 1 ) and its photoproducts 2 and 3 were calculated by Hartree-Fock ab initio (3-21G and DZP basis) and semiempirical (MNDO, AM1, MINDO /3) methods. It was found that due to the smaller distance between the double bonds in 1 (2.65 Å) as compared to the parent tricyclo[4.2.0.02,5]octa-3,7-diene ( 4 ) (2.91 Å), the sequence of the frontier orbitals is different. In the case of 1 , the photochemical [2 + 2]cycloaddition is allowed, whereas in 4 it is forbidden. © 1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.  相似文献   

5.
First synthetic attempts towards the so‐far‐unknown calicene (=5‐(cycloprop‐2‐en‐1‐ylidene)cyclopenta‐1,3‐diene) precursors 3‐(cyclopenta‐2,4‐dien‐1‐ylidene)tricyclo[3.2.2.22,4]nona‐6,8‐diene ( 4 ; Scheme 1), 1,4‐di(cyclopenta‐2,4‐dien‐1‐ylidene)cyclohexa‐2,5‐diene ( 5 ; Scheme 2), and (2‐bromocycloprop‐1‐en‐1‐yl)cyclopentadiene ( 6 ; X=Br; Scheme 5) are reported, which would represent very attractive compounds for gas‐phase pyrolysis ( 4 ), matrix photolysis ( 5 ), and low‐temperature HBr eliminations in solution ( 5 ).  相似文献   

6.
New [RhI(η5‐azulene)(η4‐diene)][BF4] complex salts 3 – 5 (diene=8,9,10‐trinorborna‐2,5‐diene (nbd) and (1Z,5Z)‐cycloocta‐1,5‐diene (cod)) were synthesized according to a known procedure (Scheme 1). All of these complexes show dynamic behavior of the diene ligand at room temperature. In the case of the [RhI(η5‐azulene)(cod)]+ complex salts 3 and [RhI(η5‐guaiazulene)(nbd)]+ complex salt 4a (guaiazulene=7‐isopropyl‐1,4‐dimethylazulene), the coalescence temperature of the 1H‐NMR signals of the olefinic H‐atoms was determined. The free energy of activation (ΔG; Table 1) for the intramolecular movement of the diene ligands exhibits a distinct dependency on the HOMO/LUMO properties of the coordinated azulene ligand. The DFT (density‐functional theory) calculated ΔG values for the internal diene rotation are in good to excellent agreement with the observed ones in CD2Cl2 as solvent (Table 2). Moreover, the ΔG values can also be estimated in good approximation from the position of the longest‐wavelength, azulene‐centered UV/VIS absorption band of the complex salts (Table 2). These cationic RhI complexes are stable and air‐resistant and can be used, e.g., as precursor complexes in situ in the presence of (M)‐6,7‐bis[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]‐8,12‐diphenylbenzo[a]heptalene for asymmetric hydrogenation of (Z)‐α‐(acetamido)cinnamic acid with ee values of up to 68% (Table 4).  相似文献   

7.
Results of a quantum-chemical study of the molecular structure of dimerization products of saturated 1,3-butadiene and hexafluoro-1,3-butadiene (tricyclo[3.3.0.02.6]octane, dodecafluorotricyclo[4.2.0.02.5]octane (I), and dodecafluorotricyclo[3.3.0.02.6]octane (II)) are presented. The calculated symmetry of the molecule of I in vacuum (C 2) differs from its symmetry in the single crystal (C b , XRD). The most stable of dimers (II) contains C-C bonds with a length of up to 1.573 Å and a four-atom cycle with angles of 82.3°.  相似文献   

8.
The versatile synthetic precursor methanolate‐bridged title rhodium complex, [Rh2(CH3O)2(C12H6F4)2] or [Rh(μ‐OCH3)(tfbb)]2 [tfbb = tetrafluorobenzobarrelene or 3,4,5,6‐tetrafluorotricyclo[6.2.2.02,7]dodeca‐2(7),3,5,9,11‐pentaene], has been structurally characterized. The asymmetric unit contains half a molecule that can be expanded via a twofold axis. The title compound has been shown to be a dinuclear rhodium complex where each metal centre is coordinated by two O atoms from two bridging methanolate groups and by the olefinic bonds of a tfbb ligand. Comparison of the bite angles of tfbb, norbornadiene (nbd) and cyclooctadiene (cod) olefins in their η4‐coordination to rhodium reveals similarities between the tfbb and nbd ligands, which are much more rigid than cod. The short distance found between the distorted square‐planar metal centres [2.8351 (4) Å] has been related to the syn conformation of the folded core `RhORhO' ring.  相似文献   

9.
A novel superatom species with 20‐electron system, SixGeyM+ (x + y = 4; M = Nb, Ta), was properly proposed. The trigonal bipyramid structures for the studied systems were identified as the putative global minimum by means of the density functional theory calculations. The high chemical stability can be explained by the strong p‐d hybridization between transition metal and mixed Si‐Ge tetramers, and closed‐shell valence electron configuration [1S21P62S21D10]. Meanwhile, the chemical bondings between metal atom and the tetramers can be recognized by three localized two‐center two‐electron (2c‐2e) and delocalized 3c‐2e σ‐bonds. For all the doped structures studied here, it was found that the π‐ and σ‐electrons satisfy the 2(N + 1)2 counting rule, and thus these clusters possess spherically double (π and σ) aromaticity, which is also confirmed by the negative nucleus‐independent chemical shifts values. Consequently, all the calculated results provide a further understanding for structural stabilities and electronic properties of transition metal‐doped semiconductor clusters. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

10.
In the structure of 2‐(4‐chloroanilino)‐1,3,2λ4‐diazaphosphol‐2‐one, C12H11ClN3OP, each molecule is connected with four neighbouring molecules through (N—H)2…O hydrogen bonds. These hydrogen bonds form a tubular arrangement along the [001] direction built from R 33(12) and R 43(14) hydrogen‐bond ring motifs, combined with a C (4) chain motif. The hole constructed in the tubular architecture includes a 12‐atom arrangement (three P, three N, three O and three H atoms) belonging to three adjacent molecules hydrogen bonded to each other. One of the N—H groups of the diazaphosphole ring, not co‐operating in classical hydrogen bonding, takes part in an N—H…π interaction. This interaction occurs within the tubular array and does not change the dimension of the hydrogen‐bond pattern. The energies of the N—H…O and N—H…π hydrogen bonds were studied by NBO (natural bond orbital) analysis, using the experimental hydrogen‐bonded cluster of molecules as the input file for the chemical calculations. In the 1H NMR experiment, the nitrogen‐bound proton of the diazaphosphole ring has a high value of 17.2 Hz for the 2J H–P coupling constant.  相似文献   

11.
The tricyclic azoalkanes, (1α,4α,4aα,7aα)‐4,4a,5,6,7,7a‐hexahydro‐1,4,8,8‐tetramethyl‐1,4‐methano‐1H‐cyclopenta[d]pyridazine ( 1c ), (1α,4α,4aα,6aα)‐4,4a,5,6,6a‐pentahydro‐1,4,7,7‐tetramethyl‐1,4‐methano‐1H‐cyclobuta[d]pyridazine ( 1d ), (1α,4α,4aα,6aα)‐4,4a,6a‐trihydro‐1,4,7,7‐tetramethyl‐1,4‐methano‐1H‐cyclobuta[d]pyridazine ( 1e ), and (1α,4α,4aα,5aα)‐4,4a,5,5a‐tetrahydro‐1,4,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1,4‐methano‐1H‐cyclopropa[d]pyridazine ( 1f ), as well as the corresponding housanes, the 2,3,3,4‐tetramethyl‐substituted tricyclo[3.3.0.02,4]octane ( 2c ), tricyclo[3.2.0.02,4]heptane ( 2d ), and tricyclo[3.2.0.02,4]hept‐6‐ene ( 2e ), were subjected to γ‐irradiation in Freon matrices. The reaction products were identified with the use of ESR and, in part, ENDOR spectroscopy. As expected, the strain on the C‐framework increases on going from the cyclopentane‐annelated azoalkanes and housanes ( 1c and 2c ) to those annelated by cyclobutane ( 1d and 2d ), by cyclobutene ( 1e and 2e ), and by cyclopropane ( 1f ). Accordingly, the products obtained from 1c and 2c in all three Freons used, CFCl3, CF3CCl3, and CF2ClCFCl2, were the radical cations 3c .+ and 2c .+ of 2,3,4,4‐tetramethylbicyclo[3.3.0]oct‐2‐ene and 2,3,3,4‐tetramethylbicyclo[3.3.0]octane‐2,4‐diyl, respectively. In CFCl3 and CF3CCl3 matrices, 1d and 2d yielded analogous products, namely the radical cations 3d .+ and 2d .+ of 2,3,4,4‐tetramethylbicyclo[3.2.0]hept‐2‐ene and 2,3,3,4‐tetramethylbicyclo[3.2.0]heptane‐2,4‐diyl. The radical cations 3c .+ and 3d .+ and 2c .+ and 2d .+ correspond to their non‐annelated counterparts 3a .+ and 3b .+, and 2a .+ and 2b .+ generated previously under the same conditions from 2,3‐diazabicyclo[2.2.1]hept‐2‐ene ( 1a ) and bicyclo[2.1.0]pentane ( 2a ), as well as from their 1,4‐dimethyl derivatives ( 1b and 2b ). However, in a CF2ClCFCl2 matrix, both 1d and 2d gave the radical cation 4d .+ of 2,3,3,4‐tetramethylcyclohepta‐1,4‐diene. Starting from 1e and 2e , the radical cations 4e .+ and 4e′ .+ of the isomeric 1,2,7,7‐ and 1,6,7,7‐tetramethylcyclohepta‐1,3,5‐trienes appeared as the corresponding products, while 1f was converted into the radical cation 4f .+ of 1,5,6,6‐tetramethylcyclohexa‐1,4‐diene which readily lost a proton to yield the corresponding cyclohexadienyl radical 4f .. Reaction mechanisms leading to the pertinent radical cations are discussed.  相似文献   

12.
The title dodecanuclear Mn complex, namely dodeca‐μ2‐acetato‐κ24O:O′‐tetraaquatetra‐μ2‐nitrato‐κ8O:O′‐tetra‐μ4‐oxido‐octa‐μ3‐oxido‐tetramanganese(IV)octamanganese(III) nitromethane tetrasolvate, [Mn12(CH3COO)12(NO3)4O12(H2O)4]·4CH3NO2, was synthesized by the reaction of Mn2+ and Ce4+ sources in nitromethane with an excess of acetic acid. This compound is distinct from the previously known single‐molecule magnet [Mn12O12(O2CMe)16(H2O)4], synthesized by Lis [Acta Cryst. (1980), B 36 , 2042–2044]. It is the first Mn12‐type molecule containing nitrate ligands to be directly synthesized without the use of a preformed cluster. Additionally, this molecule is distinct from all other known Mn12 complexes due to intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the nitrate and water ligands, which give rise to a three‐dimensional network. The complex is compared to other known Mn12 molecules in terms of its structural parameters and symmetry.  相似文献   

13.
The regio‐ and absolute stereochemistry of (7S)‐N‐[4‐(3‐thienyl)tricyclo[4.2.1.02,5]non‐3‐en‐3‐ylcarbonyl]‐2,10‐camphorsultam tetrahydrofuran hemisolvate, C24H29NO3S2·0.5C4H8O, and (7S)‐N‐[4‐(4‐tolyl)tricyclo[4.2.1.02,5]non‐3‐en‐3‐ylcarbonyl]‐2,10‐camphorsultam, C27H33NO3S, have been established. One contains a half‐occupancy tetrahydrofuran solvent molecule located on a twofold axis and the other contains two crystallographically unique molecules which are nearly identical. The extended structures of both complexes can be explained via weak C—H...O interactions, which link the molecules together into two‐dimensional sheets in the ab plane for the thienyl complex and ultimately into a three‐dimensional structure for the tolyl derivative. The stereochemistry of both structures confirms that [2+2] cycloadditions of bicyclic alkenes and alkynes catalysed by ruthenium are exclusively exo.  相似文献   

14.
In this work a rationalization of the very large substituent effects on 3J(C1,H3) couplings in 1‐X‐bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes is presented. The Fermi contact contribution to such couplings was calculated in a series of 13 X‐derivatives within the DFT–B3LYP framework using the finite perturbation theory. Core electrons for atoms beyond the Second Row were taken into account using effective core potentials. Calculated couplings are in very good agreement with experimental values. The role played by hyperconjugative interactions involving bonds or antibonds belonging to the coupling pathway are studied using the NBO approach. Heavy atom contribution to substituent effects on 3J(C1,H3) couplings was estimated as small. This contrasts notably with trends observed in the corresponding 13C substituent chemical shifts, SCSs. The latter were estimated comparing for X=Cl, Br, I, SnMe3, calculated SCSs with their experimental values. Such estimations are in line with explicit calculations of the spin‐orbit contribution reported in the literature for smaller compounds. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 1615–1621, 2001  相似文献   

15.
Regioselective generation of the C(2)-carbocation a of tricyclo[4.2.2.01,5]decane ( 1 ) by treatment of both corresponding epimeric alcohols 5 and 6 with BF3 and trapping the rearranged tricyclo[5.3.0.04,8]decan-7-yl carbocation b with Et3SiH as hydride-ion donor (ionic hydrogenation) gives the corresponding hydrocarbon 3 as sole product in almost quantitative yield. The latter is a known intermediate in the Lewis-acid-catalyzed rearrangement of 1 to adamantane ( 4 ).  相似文献   

16.
Treatment of N,N‐chelated germylene [(iPr)2NB(N‐2,6‐Me2C6H3)2]Ge ( 1 ) with ferrocenyl alkynes containing carbonyl functionalities, FcC≡CC(O)R, resulted in [2+2+2] cyclization and formation of the respective ferrocenylated 3‐Fc‐4‐C(O)R‐1,2‐digermacyclobut‐3‐enes 2 – 4 [R = Me ( 2 ), OEt ( 3 ) and NMe2 ( 4 )] bearing intact carbonyl substituents. In contrast, the reaction between 1 and PhC(O)C≡CC(O)Ph led to activation of both C≡C and C=O bonds producing bicyclic compound containing two five‐membered 1‐germa‐2‐oxacyclopent‐3‐ene rings sharing one C–C bond, 4,8‐diphenyl‐3,7‐dioxa‐2,6‐digermabicyclo[3.3.0]octa‐4,8‐diene ( 5 ). With N‐methylmaleimide containing an analogous C(O)CH=CHC(O) fragment, germylene 1 reacted under [2+2+2] cyclization involving the C=C double bond, producing 1,2‐digermacyclobutane 6 with unchanged carbonyl moieties. Finally, 1 selectively added to the terminal double bond in allenes CH2=C=CRR′ giving rise to 3‐(=CRR′)‐1,2‐digermacyclobutanes [R/R′ = Me/Me ( 7 ), H/OMe ( 8 )] bearing an exo‐C=C double bond. All compounds were characterized by 1H, 13C{1H} NMR, IR and Raman spectroscopy and the molecular structures of 3 , 4 , 5 , and 8 were established by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The redox behavior of ferrocenylated derivatives 2 – 4 was studied by cyclic voltammetry.  相似文献   

17.
Two heterometallic 3d–4f coordination polymers, [Gd(CuL)2(Hbtca)(btca)(H2O)] · 2H2O ( 1 ) and [Er(CuL)2(Hbtca)(btca)(H2O)] · H2O · CH3OH ( 2 ) (CuL, H2L = 2,3‐dioxo‐5,6,14,15‐dibenzo‐1,4,8,12‐tetraazacyclo‐pentadeca‐7,13‐dien; H2btca = benzotriazole‐5‐carboxylic acid) were synthesized by solvothermal methods and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Complexes 1 and 2 exhibit a double‐strand meso‐helical chain structures formed by [LnIIICuII2] (LnIII = Gd, Er) units by oxamide and benzotriazole‐5‐carboxylate bridges. They are isomorphic except that one free water molecule of 1 is replaced by a methanol molecule. All 1D chains are further interlinked by hydrogen bonds resulting in a 3D supramolecular architecture. The magnetic properties of the compound 1 and 2 are also discussed.  相似文献   

18.
The geometric features of 1‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐1H‐tetrazol‐5‐amine, C7H6N6O2, correspond to the presence of the essential interaction of the 5‐amino group lone pair with the π system of the tetrazole ring. Intermolecular N—H...N and N—H...O hydrogen bonds result in the formation of infinite chains running along the [110] direction and involve centrosymmetric ring structures with motifs R22(8) and R22(20). Molecules of {(E)‐[1‐(4‐ethoxyphenyl)‐1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl]iminomethyl}dimethylamine, C12H16N6O, are essentially flattened, which facilitates the formation of a conjugated system spanning the whole molecule. Conjugation in the azomethine N=C—N fragment results in practically the same length for the formal double and single bonds.  相似文献   

19.
A series of pyrazole‐substituted [hydrotris(1H‐pyrazolato‐κN1)borato(1−)]iridium complexes of the general composition [Ir(Tpx)(olefin)2] (Tpx=TpPh and TpTh) and their capability to activate C−H bonds is presented. As a test reaction, the double C−H activation of cyclic‐ether substrates leading to the corresponding Fischer carbene complexes was chosen. Under the reaction conditions employed, the parent compound [Ir(TpPh)(ethene)2] was not isolable; instead, (OC‐6‐25)‐[Ir(TpPhκCPh,κ3N,N′,N″)(ethyl)(η2‐ethene)] ( 1 ) was formed diastereoselectively. Upon further heating, 1 could be converted exclusively to (OC‐6‐24)‐[Ir(TpPhκ2CPh,CPh,κ3N,N′,N″)(η2‐ethene)] ( 2 ). Complex 1 , but not 2 , reacted with THF to give (OC‐6‐35)‐[Ir(TpPhκ3N,N′,N″)H(dihydrofuran‐2(3H)‐ylidene)] ( 3 ), a cyclic Fischer carbene formed by double C−H activation of THF. Accordingly, complexes of the general formula [Ir(Tpx)(butadiene)] (see 4 – 6 ; butadiene=buta‐1,3‐diene, 2‐methylbuta‐1,3‐diene (isoprene), 2,3‐dimethylbuta‐1,3‐diene) reacted with THF to yield 3 or the related derivative 9 . The reaction rate was strongly dependent on the steric demand of the butadiene ligand and the nature of the substituent at the 3‐position of the pyrazole rings.  相似文献   

20.
Palladium(II) Complexes of 1,1,3,3,5,5‐Hexakis(dimethylamino)‐λ5‐[1,3,5]triphosphinine 1,1,3,3,5,5‐Hexakis(dimethylamino)‐1λ5‐3λ5‐5λ5‐[1,3,5]triphosphinine ( 5 ) reacts with (benzonitrile)2PdCl2 to give the chelate complex dichloro(dodeca‐N‐methyl‐1λ5,3λ5,5λ5‐1,3,5‐triphosphinine‐1,1,3,3,5,5‐hexaamin‐C2,C4)palladium ( 6 ). In a pyridine‐d5 solution of 6 the complex dichloro(dodeca‐N‐methyl‐1λ5,3λ5,5λ5‐1,3,5‐triphosphinine‐1,1,3,3,5,5‐hexaamin‐C2)((2H5)pyridine‐N)palladium ( 7 ) is formed. The solute 7 could not be isolated as a solid, because elimination of the solvent regenerates 6 quantitatively. Properties, nmr and ir spectra of 6 and 7 are reported. 6 is characterized by the results of an X‐ray structural analysis.  相似文献   

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