等离子体对高功率微波的防护

提出了用等离子体防护高功率微波破坏电子设备的方法。建立了“介质层-等离子体层-介质层-等离子体层”的反射/吸收模型,其中两层均匀非磁化等离子体厚度各为50mm,等离子体频率为30GHz,等离子碰撞频率为70GHz。计算了微波的透射功率、防护结构的最小防护距离。计算结果表明：对功率10GW、脉冲宽度100ns、天线100m² (效率50%)的微波源产生的微波,频率小于30GHz时,将被防护装置反射;频率为31～80GHz时,防护结构的最小防护距离约为5km。     

同轴转弯波导的设计与实验研究

提出了一种同轴转弯波导。介绍了该同轴转弯波导的基本原理,设计并数值模拟了中心频率为4.0 GHz的同轴转弯波导,并对此同轴转弯波导进行了实验研究。实验结果表明:同轴转弯波导在中心频率4.0 GHz下,传输损耗约为0.17 dB,驻波系数为1.2;在3.8~4.2 GHz的频率范围内传输损耗小于0.2 dB,驻波系数小于1.25。同轴转弯波导内部无介质支撑,且体积小,结构简单,易于实现,适用于高功率微波馈线系统中的同轴波导的转弯和连接。     

高功率过模圆波导到两路矩形波导功分器

基于模式匹配法分析了高功率过模圆波导到两路矩形波导功分器在传输过程中高阶模式的传输和反射问题,分析得到了高传输效率对过模圆波导的要求,并以此仿真设计了中心频率为2.88GHz的功分器,设计结果表明:在中心频率下反射系数为0.05,对应的圆波导TM01模到矩形波导TE10模传输效率大于99%,真空中功率容量为2.83GW;在2.82~2.94GHz的频带范围内反射系数小于0.1,对应的传输效率大于98%。     

3圈48单元高功率径向线螺旋阵列天线研究

从理论、模拟和实验等角度详细研究了高功率径向线螺旋阵列天线。从该阵列天线的设计思想出发,提出并设计了中心频率为4.0 GHz的3圈48单元高功率径向线螺旋阵列天线,特别提出了螺旋单元天线的L型电磁组合耦合馈电,并对阵列天线进行了模拟和实验两方面的验证。实验结果表明,在3.6~4.1GHz的范围内,天线驻波比小于1.4,增益大于22.9 dB,口径效率大于65%。     

圆波导TM_(01)-矩形波导TE_(10)模式转换器

设计了一种高功率圆波导TM01-矩形波导TE10模式转换器,可以实现圆波导TM01模式与矩形波导TE10模式之间的相互转换。仿真结果表明:中心频率为9.7GHz时该模式转换器转换效率大于99.99%,回波损耗小于-40dB,转换效率大于90%时的带宽大于0.4GHz。调节底面短路圆波导长度可以实现模式转换器在9.2~10.1GHz范围内调谐(模式转换效率大于99%)。在圆波导和耦合段连接处引入倒角可有效降低场强,提高功率容量,注入功率0.7GW,其表面场强小于1 MV/cm。     

大尺寸模式转换天线的设计和实验研究

 在同轴波导尺寸较大的情况下,传统的插入四块金属板的同轴插板式模式转换器难以满足扇形波导内单模传输的条件。通过增加插板数目,设计了大尺寸情况下的模式转换器,并将其与同轴喇叭有机结合,设计了一个中心频率为7 GHz的新型模式转换天线,可以实现高功率微波源输出TEM模的定向辐射。该模式转换天线的数值计算结果为：增益22.2 dB,口径效率53.7%,中心频率上反射系数为0.07,在6.5~7.5 GHz频率范围内反射系数小于0.3。实验测量结果为：增益21.5 dB,口径效率约46%,在6.5~7.5 GHz频率范围内反射系数约为0.07~0.39。数值计算与实验测量结果基本一致。     

输入输出共轴的三弯曲型TM01-TE11模式转换器

 通过采用相位重匹配技术，设计了一种输入输出共轴的三弯曲型TM₀₁-TE₁₁模式转换器，该转换器由三段常曲率弯曲波导和两段直波导组成。用模式耦合理论建立了该类模式转换器的数值计算和优化设计方法，并设计了一个中心频率为7.0 GHz的模式转换器。该转换器的TM₀₁-TE₁₁转换效率在中心频率上大于99％，在6.5~7.5 GHz的频率范围内大于90％。应用时域有限差分法和有限元方法对所设计的模式转换器进行了仿真，仿真结果验证了设计理论和设计结果。     

三角形栅格矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线的设计与实验研究

 介绍了三角形栅格矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线的工作原理,设计并数值模拟了中心频率为4.0 GHz的三角形栅格矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线,并对此阵列天线进行了实验研究。实验结果表明：阵列天线在中心频率4.0 GHz 下,增益为15.3 dB,轴向轴比值1.58,驻波比为1.3,口径效率为86%;在3.8～4.2 GHz的频率范围内可实现圆极化定向辐射,增益大于14.9 dB,轴比值小于1.7,驻波比小于1.6。     

过模同轴转弯波导的设计

介绍了一种过模同轴转弯波导的基本原理,分析了过模同轴波导基模实现高效率转弯传输的条件及转弯过程中的模式问题,设计了中心频率为4.0GHz、转弯角度为45°的过模同轴转弯波导。数值计算结果表明:过模同轴转弯波导在中心频率的基模传输效率大于99%,反射系数为0.04;在3.8~4.2GHz的频率范围内基模传输效率大于95%,反射系数小于0.22。该过模同轴转弯波导的转弯半径约80mm,具有转弯半径小、结构简单、转弯角度灵活的特点,且内部无介质支撑,适用于高功率微波馈线系统中过模同轴波导基模的转弯传输。     

超宽带Cassegrain双反射面天线研究

 为了减小馈线损耗和方便天线旋转,设计了超宽带Cassegrain双反射面天线系统。采用FEKO数值模拟软件在0.2~1.5 GHz频率范围内模拟了不同副反射面直径的4.5 m双反射面天线(焦径比为0.4)的辐射增益,并与相同口径和焦径比的前馈式反射面天线进行了比较。模拟结果表明:当双曲副反射面直径为70 cm,焦距为22.5 cm时,在0.2~1.0 GHz频率范围内,双反射面天线增益比前馈式抛物面天线高1～2 dB;在1.1～1.5 GHz频率范围内,双反射面天线增益比前馈式抛物面天线小1～2 dB。选择直径为70 cm、焦距为22.5 cm的双曲副面与TEM喇叭和4.5 m抛物面组成双反射面天线系统,分别用960 ps和3 ns脉宽的单极脉冲源对天线进行了实验研究。实验结果表明:用960 ps和3 ns脉宽的单极脉冲激励,Cassegrain双反射面天线在70 m轴上远场辐射场波形峰峰值分别为前馈式反射面天线的158%和162%。     

(RbBi)1/2MoO4陶瓷微波介电性能的远红外反射谱研究

采用固相反应法制备了(RbBi)1/2MoO4陶瓷样品。室温下测量了(RbBi)1/2MoO4的红外反射谱,观察到15个振动模式;利用Kramers-Kronig(K-K)关系对样品的红外反射谱进行数据处理,获得材料的光频介电常数ε∞=2.17,微波频段的外推值为20.56,略小于实际测量值21.4;获得材料的本征品质因数Q×f为11 790GHz,高于实际测量值6 200GHz,说明陶瓷材料的品质因数还有较大提升空间。     

Radiation properties of microstrip patch antenna covered with an anisotropic dielectric layer and a plasma sheath

By using SO-FDTD method, radiation properties of microstrip patch antenna covered with an anisotropic dielectric layer and a plasma layer are investigated. Simulation results show that the resonant frequency of antenna covered with a plasma layer varies with different plasma parameters. It has been indicated that the frequency offset of antenna is as high as 120 MHz when plasma frequency changes from 1 GHz to 8 GHz. The effect on antenna covered with an anisotropic dielectric layer is analyzed, while altering the dielectric constant or thickness of dielectric layer. Finally, the peak gain of antenna in complex plasma environment is presented in detail.     

一种用于60 GHz通信的S型结构左手材料的设计

基于对S型结构的理论分析,将中心频率设置为60 GHz,通过合理的改变单元结构中相应的尺寸以实现所需电谐振和磁谐振频率,并且经过优化以实现负介电常量和负磁导率的重合频段尽可能理想. 运用反演参量提取方法进行电磁参量提取,可以得到本设计在58.1~61.4 GHz频段内其ε和μ同时为负,即左手频段. 分析散射参量的仿真结果,在58~62 GHz频段内S₂₁大于-3 dB,在59.8~60.4 GHz频段内,S₁₁小于-20 dB,因此该设计结果可以运用于60 GHz通信滤波器和天线等器件的研究与设计.     

Study on Planar Whispering Gallery Dielectric Resonators. II. A Multiple-Band Device

The basic theory underlying the realization of simple multiple-band non-homogeneous dielectric resonators, whose spectral response is the overlap of single-resonator frequency bands, is developed exploiting a general approach discussed in the previous companion paper. The limit frequencies of the proposed devices, given only by the dielectric properties of the involved materials, can differ in principle by several decades. Experimental confirmations have been obtained on a composite structure built up with teflon and polyethylene; as predicted by the theory, the overall band includes frequencies which range about from 20 GHz to more than 400 GHz, when high frequency resonances are selectively excited. The localization of the higher frequency radiation between the positive steps of the dielectric constant, which is the basic properties of these non-homogeneous resonators, has been experimentally verified by mapping the electromagnetic field intensity. Possible applications of multiple-band Whispering Gallery dielectric resonators are finally outlined.     

Microwave dielectric tangent losses in KDP and DKDP crystals

By adding cubic and quartic phonon anharmonic interactions in the pseudospin lattice coupled mode (PLCM) model for KDP-type crystals and using double-time temperature dependent Green's function method, expressions for soft mode frequency, dielectric constant and dielectric tangent loss are obtained. Using model parameters given by Ganguliet al [9] the dielectric losses are calculated for KDP and DKDP crystals. In the microwave frequency range an increase in frequency (1–35 GHz) is followed by an increase in dielectric tangent loss (1–35) at 98 K and (1–15) × 10⁻² at 333 K for KDP and DKDP crystals respectively. The dielectric tangent loss decreases from 0.052 to 0.042 for KDP crystals with increase in temperature from 130 to 170 K and for DKDP crystals it decreases from 0.0166 to 0.0074 with an increase in temperature from 230–343 K in their paraelectric phases at 10 GHz. This shows Curie-Weiss behavior of the dielectric tangent loss     

铁电薄膜可调带通滤波器

铁电薄膜的介电常数随外加电场强度的增加而减小.依据铁电薄膜的这一特性,提出了一种新颖的基于共面传输线结构的铁电薄膜可调带通滤波器.为了减小传输损耗,滤波器的导体部分由超导薄膜构成.滤波器的输入输出采用抽头线的方式分别与谐振器相接,外加电压通过输入输出端口直接施加到共面谐振器缝隙处的铁电薄膜上,用以改变铁电薄膜的介电常数,从而改变谐振器的谐振频率,实现带通滤波器通带频率的移动.这种新型可调带通滤波器具有结构紧凑、尺寸小及施加外加偏压容易等优点.仿真结果表明:铁电薄膜的介电常数在外加偏压下从250减小到150时,带通滤波器的传输特性曲线的形状基本保持不变,通带的中心频率从10.283GHz增加到10.518GHz,其3dB带宽保持在0.150GHz左右,反射损耗始终小于-17dB.     

MEMS-based tunable terahertz wire-laser over 330 GHz

We demonstrate continuous tuning of a terahertz quantum cascade wire laser over a broad range of ～330?GHz (～8.6% of the 3.85?THz center frequency) with single-mode operation. Tuning is achieved with a narrow laser ridge (～λ(o)/8) and a moveable MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) side object (plunger) to manipulate the transverse optical mode. The frictionless MEMS plunger enables continuous and reversible tuning. We demonstrate ～30?GHz redshift tuning using a silicon plunger and ～300?GHz blueshift tuning using a metal plunger. The blueshift tuning range is limited by the bandwidth of the gain medium rather than the tuning mechanism.     

Frequency selective surface with a flat topped passband

Two frequency selective surface (FSS) configurations with flat topped passband are presented in this paper.One configuration is single layer FSS with λ/4 thickness dielectric loaded on both sides, and the other is double layers FSS. Based on the modal matching method, the frequency response properties including angle effect and polarization effect of both FSS configurations are analyzed, and the plots of the frequency versus transmission coefficient are obtained for different incident angles and polarizations. It is shown that the structure with the single layer FSS embedded centrally in the λ/2 thickness dielectric has a wider flat top bandwidth of 6.8 GHz than that of the double layers FSS of 3 GHz. In addition, the fabrication of single layer is relatively easier than the double layers FSS.     

Phased array for millimeter wave frequencies

A phased array is presented at a frequency of 70 GHz, consisting of a corporate feed, ferrite phase shifters and dielectric rod antennas. Metal waveguides were utilized to construct the feed network, whereas a special dielectric waveguide structure was employed for the ferrite phase shifter and dielectric rod antenna. Beam scanning can be performed electronically controlled in the horizontal plane.     

温度相关的微波频率下氯化钠水溶液介电特性

针对NaCl水溶液(0.001–0.5 mol/L)介电特性, 实验调查了频率(200–6.25 GHz), 温度(293–353 K)、 浓度相关复介电常数. 结果表明: 频率增大的过程中虚部呈逐渐减小的趋势, 高温使离子扰动增大, 破坏了溶液内部水分子四面体结构和氢键构象而使介电常数实部减小. 与纯水相比, 溶液的损耗角正切在高温353 K低频区下降明显. 同时发现2.45和5.8 GHz的复介电常数随温度变化的温度窗效应, 温度窗效应导致微波加热时耗散功率的振荡变化, 温度分布不均匀现象在实验中得以证实. 关键词： 微波 复介电常数 介电特性 高温探头