液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定饮用水中6种雌激素

建立了液相色谱-质谱法测定饮用水中17-β-雌二醇、17-α-雌二醇、17-α-乙炔雌二醇、己烷雌酚(HEX)、己烯雌酚(DES)和双烯雌酚(DE)6种雌激素的分析方法.样品经乙腈萃取,Oasis HLB柱富集净化后,采用液相色谱-质谱法测定.方法在5～100 μg/L范围内呈良好线性,相关系数为0.994～1.000...     

液相色谱-质谱法同时检测畜禽肉中五种大环内酯类抗生素

大环内酯类抗生素(macrolideantibiotics,MALS)对革兰氏阳性菌和支原体有较强的抑制能力,支原体在畜禽中是感染面较广的多发病,因此这类抗生素在动物药品和饲料添加物中占有重要位置。然而,人们在获得经济利益的同时对抗生素的副作用也有了进一步的认识。欧盟一些国家早已禁止在供肉食动物的饲料中添加抗生素。而我国在这方面还没有严格限制,动物性食品中抗生素残留,将对人类的健康构成潜在的危害,也会直接影响我国的出口贸易。本研究利用液相色谱／电喷雾质谱-质谱法(LC-ESI-MS2),对5种大环内酯类抗生素(红霉素、金霉素、吉他霉素、泰乐菌素、罗红霉素)同时进行正离子二级质谱分析。该方法分析速度快(仅用6min)、灵敏度高、抗干扰性强,检出限红霉素、吉他霉素可达0.3ng,金霉素、泰乐菌素、罗红霉素可达0.6ng。     

C_(18)膜萃取/液相色谱-质谱联用法测定极地水体中有机磷酸酯

建立了C_(18)膜萃取/液相色谱-质谱联用技术测定极地水体中10种有机磷酸酯(OPEs)的方法。根据优化后的样品前处理及仪器方法,利用C_(18)膜富集4 L水体中的10种OPEs,经二氯甲烷超声提取,在电喷雾正离子模式下,采用选择反应监测(SRM)模式进行分析,线性相关系数为0.994 4~0.999 9。10种OPEs的加标回收率为64.1%~115%,方法检出限为0.08~0.55 ng/L。该方法适用于极地水体中10种OPEs的分析,利用该方法对北极水体样品中的10种OPEs进行检测,测得冰川融水中∑OPEs的质量浓度为0.64~6.64 ng/L,海水中∑OPEs的质量浓度为0.09~2.03 ng/L。     

谷物中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的高效液相色谱检测及质谱确证

建立了谷物中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇DON的高效液相色谱检测和质谱确证方法。样品用水提取,通过免疫亲和柱进行富集和净化,以Hypersil BDS C18柱为分离柱,乙腈-水（10：90,V/V）混合溶剂为流动相进行高效液相色谱分离和检测,利用大气压化学电离质谱（APCI）进行阻性结果的鉴定和确认。在小麦、大麦和面粉等样品中,本方法在0．1～10μg／g添加范围内的回收率为82．4％-103％,相对标准偏差1．4％-7．6％,检出限0．1μg／g。     

高效液相色谱-质谱联用分析无患子中的表面活性物质

 应用高效液相色谱和大气压电离质谱联用技术 ,分离分析了无患子果皮中的表面活性成分。根据质谱结果确定其相对分子质量 ,根据源内的碰撞诱导解离 (CID)技术产生的碎片初步推测表面活性物质的结构 ,发现了数个未见文献报道的组分。     

Simultaneous Determination of Carbamate and Organophosphorus Pesticides in Honeybees by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Summary The potential of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has been studied for the simultaneous determination of sixteen carbamate and organophosphorus pesticides in honeybees using a traditional sample preparation protocol based on acetone extraction and dichloromethane partitioning. The performances of both atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray (ES) interfaces were compared. APCI offered better sensitivity and specificity for a higher range of pesticides. Limits of quantification were from 0.01 to 0.17 mg kg^–1, at which recoveries obtained were between 64 and 93%, except for pirimicarb that was at 13%, with relative standard deviations ranging from 7 to 20%. Fenitrothion, fenoxycarb, methiocarb and phoxim were found in bees from Valencian Community beehives at concentrations between 0.03 and 3.75 mg kg^–1.     

Determination of Flavonoids in Costus speciosus and Etlingera elatior by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

In this article, a new and relatively simple liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of five flavonoid compounds. Under optimized conditions, the LC-MS analysis can be achieved on a reverse-phase C₁₈ column (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.8 µm), with a binary mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in water and methanol under gradient elution conditions. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the retention times and peak areas for all analytes were in the range of 0.1–0.5% and 3.2–5.2%, respectively. The LODs and LOQs were in the range of 2.1–7.0 ng mL^?1 and 6.9–23 ng mL^?1, respectively. Furthermore, the developed LC-MS method was successfully applied to analyze flavonoids in different parts of two medicinal Zingiberaceae plants (i.e., Costus speciosus and Etlingera elatior) from different sources. The proposed LC-MS method was simple, effective, and reliable, and thus it has potential to be used for the quality control of other medicinal herbs.     

高效液相色谱/大气压化学电离质谱快速分析水中痕量有机磷农药

用反相液谱短柱实现了６种有机磷农药（乙酰甲胺磷、甲基对硫磷、杀螟硫磷、喹硫磷、二嗪农、辛硫磷）的高效液相色谱／大气压化学电离质谱（ＨＰＬＣ／ＡＰＣＩＭＳ）快速分析。此技术可以很好地实现水中痕量有机磷农药的测定,一次联机分析仅需１０ｍｉｎ。文中还讨论了二嗪农的碰撞诱导解离（ＣＩＤ）碎片谱。二嗪农和喹硫磷的检出限可低达０．０９ｎｇ和０．１ｎｇ。     

天然本草添加卷烟烟气暴露大鼠肺组织代谢组学研究

应用代谢组学方法,比较研究了普通卷烟和含有天然本草添加剂卷烟对大鼠肺组织代谢的影响。运用液相色谱-质谱联用技术分别分析了对照组、普通卷烟及某品牌天然本草添加卷烟烟气暴露7,14,30 d时的大鼠肺组织样品,对所得数据用偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)进行模式识别并筛选生物标志物。结果显示,吸食普通卷烟和某品牌卷烟,均会损伤大鼠肺组织,造成磷脂代谢、脂肪酸代谢紊乱,其中有2只普通卷烟暴露组大鼠的肺组织样品显著异常,受到明显的氧化损伤。综合来看,特别是长时间烟气暴露状态下,吸食某品牌卷烟造成的肺组织损伤低于普通卷烟,表明烟草中添加天然本草在一定程度上可减轻烟气对机体的损伤。     

固相萃取-超过滤-液相色谱/质谱联用法测定织纹螺中的河豚毒素

建立了液相色谱-质谱法测定织纹螺中河豚毒素的分析方法。匀质后的样品用0.03 mol/L乙酸溶液提取,水浴加热10 min,用Sep-Pak C18固相萃取柱净化,再用截留相对分子质量为3000的超滤管过滤。采用Insertsil ODS-3色谱柱分离,以含有30 mmol/L七氟丁酸的甲酸铵溶液(1 mmol/L)-甲醇(体积比为99∶1)为流动相,采用电喷雾离子源,选择离子监测模式检测。以保留时间和河豚毒素的二级质谱特征碎片离子予以定性确证。结果表明,在此分析条件下,可将河豚毒素及其衍生物分离,在0.01～10.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r2＞0.995),检出限(以3倍信噪比为计)为2 μg/L,平均加标回收率为72.5%～80.4%,相对标准偏差为4.48%～8.87%。将该方法用于实际样品检测,在赤潮后所采集的织纹螺样品中检出了河豚毒素。     

Multi-Residue Analysis of Some Polar Pesticides in Water Samples with SPE and LC–MS–MS

In the present study a multi-residue analytical method was developed for monitoring some polar pesticides such as acephate, methamidophos, carbofuran, isoproturon, dimethoate in water with SPE (solid-phase extraction) and LC–MS–MS. Acetochlor was taken as surrogate, and alachlor as internal standard. SPE with different types of columns was compared with LLE (liquid-liquid extraction). Further, the breakthrough volume for different pesticides was determined. The results showed that the selected pesticides can be determined very sensitively with LC–MS–MS. The minimum detectable quantity (MDQ) for each pesticide was about 1.0 ng. To date, SPE cartridge studies showed that the Oasis HLB cartridges were suitable for further studies. However, for Oasis HLB cartridge, different pesticide showed different breakthrough volume. The results showed that for acephate and methamidophos, the breakthrough volume was about 30 mL of water sample, much less than the breakthrough volume of other pesticides studied. Because of the higher vapor pressure and higher Henry's constant of methamidophos, dimethoate and carbofuran, much attention should be paid on their losses in the evaporation step of the experiment. This analytical method can be applied to determine pesticide contamination in environmental water samples. Revised: 12 September 2005 and 21 October 2005     

枸杞润肤霜中两种酚酸类成分的高效液相色谱检测及质谱确证

建立了自制枸杞润肤霜中绿原酸和咖啡酸的高效液相色谱分析及液相色谱-串联质谱确证方法。枸杞润肤霜样品经甲醇超声提取,提取液离心处理后,取上清液经微孔滤膜过滤后测定。采用Aglient HC-C18色谱柱(250×4.6mm,5μm)分离,以甲醇-0.5%乙酸水溶液(27∶73,V/V)为流动相,等度洗脱,流速1.0mL/min,检测波长327nm。绿原酸、咖啡酸分别在3.3~250μg/mL、3~225μg/mL间线性关系良好(r=0.9993);平均加标回收率分别为98.28%、99.26%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均为1.93%。自制枸杞润肤霜中绿原酸、咖啡酸含量分别为0.0398 mg/g、0.0323mg/g。该方法快速、准确,适用于同时测定枸杞润肤霜中绿原酸、咖啡酸的含量。     

固相支撑液液萃取-气相色谱质谱法测定血液中5种镇静安眠类药物

建立了固相支撑液液萃取(SLE)-气相色谱质谱法(GC/MS)提取检验血液中阿米替林、舒乐安定、咪达唑仑、异丙嗪和氯丙嗪5种镇静安眠类药物的方法,对提取条件进行优化,浓缩后的样品溶液使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析.5种镇静安眠类药物的最佳提取条件:在pH 10下用5.0 mL乙酸乙酯提取,5种安眠镇静类药物在0.5~20μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数在0.998 1~0.999 5之间,最低检出限为0.5μg/mL,在血液中的添加回收率在70.1%~90.8%之间,变异系数均小于5.3%.方法操作简便、快捷、回收率高,可用于常见镇静安眠类药物的检验.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水稻中生长素及其氨基酸结合物

建立了同时测定水稻中吲哚-3-丁酸(IBA)、吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)及其7种氨基酸结合物的液相色谱-串联质谱( HPLC - MS/MS)检测方法.样品在4℃下于80％甲醇中浸提12 h后,经混合阴离子交换反相固相萃取(MAX)净化,以5 mmol/L的甲酸铵溶液和甲醇为流动相,在C18柱上进行液相色谱分离,电喷雾正...     

液相色谱-大气压化学电离质谱法分析人参中的人参皂甙

研究了用反相高效液相色谱-大气压化学电离质谱(HPLC/APCI-MS)分析人参皂甙的方法。液相色谱采用乙腈-水流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱采用正负离子同时扫描并结合二级质谱进行定性,用选择反应离子模式(SRM)测定检测限。实验发现虽然人参皂甙是热不稳定物质,但在大气压化学电离质谱的高温汽化过程中仍能检测到很强的负离子分子离子峰,而且随着汽化温度的升高,人参皂甙的负离子分子离子峰的强度增加。该方法对人参皂甙Rb1和Rg1的检测限分别为1.2×10-13 g和3.0×10-14 g,并检测出白参中包括丙二酰人参皂甙在内的29种人参皂甙。该法灵敏度高,重复性好,结果准确,能有效地对药材提取物中的多种人参皂甙进行检测和结构分析。     

大黄中鞣质成分的分离与液相色谱/质谱联用分析

研究了大黄中鞣质类成分的提取、分离与分析方法。优化了大黄原药材中鞣质类物质的提取方法;建立了大黄鞣质类成分的梯度洗脱反相高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析方法,使鞣质类成分得到了良好的分离;采用液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)对大黄中主要的鞣质类化合物进行了结构分析,并总结了一部分鞣质类化合物在高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱(HPLC-ESI-MS)谱图上的裂解规律。     

大气压光电离技术及其应用研究进展

大气压光电离离子源(APPI)是一种新兴的用于液质联用的软电离离子源,它是利用光化学作用将气相中样品电离的离子化技术,该技术促进了质谱技术对弱极性化合物的分析检测。介绍了液相色谱–质谱/质谱联用技术中大气压光电离的基本原理、应用优点,综述了其在定性、定量分析检测中的应用。     

The Analysis and Fate of the Fungicide Fenpropimorph and Its Degradation Product Fenpropimorphic Acid in Soil by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

This article describes a method for extraction of soil samples and analysis with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometric detection after atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) of the fungicide fenpropimorph and its degradation product fenpropimorphic acid. The method gives high recovery rates (about 80 %) and detection limits below 1 μg/kg soil for both compounds. The article elucidates the difference between the parent compound and the degradation product with respect to adsorption properties, where fenpropimorph with a K_d value about 161 kg/L in a sandy loam is expected to be immobile in soil while the K_d value for fenpropimorphic acid is determined to 1.3 kg/L which means a much higher mobility.

Two studies on the degradation of fenpropimorph and occurrence of the degradation product are mentioned. The first experiment is a batch experiment where fenpropimorph is mixed with the soil while the second experiment is a field study with pesticide application in normal dosage and ten times normal dosage. Both experiments demonstrate the occurrence of the degradation product in the soil during months after application.     

环己烷1,2-二甲酸二异壬酯增塑剂的气相色谱-质谱分析

建立了气相色谱-质谱联用法定性和定量分析塑料中环己烷1,2-二甲酸二异壬酯(DINCH)的方法。考察了DINCH分子离子的质谱断裂过程,并建立了快速鉴定塑料中DINCH的理论方法。通过对不同溶剂提取效率的对比,采用二氯甲烷作为最佳提取溶剂。在优化条件下,该方法的线性范围为0.24～1.60 mg/L,相关系数为0.998,定量下限(S/N=10)为1.2 mg/kg。在加标水平为80～400 mg/kg时,4种不同塑料(PE、PP、PU、PVC)的回收率和相对标准偏差分别为82%～113%和1.1%～9.0%。将该方法用于实际塑料样品的检测,结果满意。     

Development and Validation of Multi-Residue Method for Drugs Analysis in Human Feces by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

The use of veterinary drugs in animal production is a common practice to secure animal and human health. However, residues of administrated drugs could be present in animal food products. Levels of drugs in food of animal origin are regulated within the European Union. In recent years, residues have been detected not only in food, but also in the environmental elements such as water or soil, meaning that humans are involuntarily exposed to these substances. This article presents a multiclass method for the analysis of various therapeutic groups of pharmaceuticals in human feces. Pharmaceuticals are extracted from feces with an acid extraction solvent, and after filtration the extract was analyzed by HPLC–MS/MS. A limit of detection of 10 ng/g was achieved for 9 pharmaceuticals, with linearity over 0.99 and repeatability and reproducibility lower than 20%. The method was satisfactorily applied in 25 feces samples of individuals that had declared not to be under medical treatment for the last two months. Results indicate the presence of six different compounds at concentration between 10 and 456 ng/g. This preliminary study showed the involuntary exposure of human gut microbiota to active substances such as pharmaceuticals