Electrochemical Determination of 4-Nitrophenol Using a Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Film-Coated Glassy Carbon Electrode

A single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) film coated glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was fabricated for the direct determination of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). The electrochemical behaviors of 4-NP at the SWNT-film coated GCE were examined. In 0.1M phosphate buffer with a pH of 5.0, 4-NP yields a very sensitive and well-defined reduction peak at the SWNT-modified GCE. It is found that the SWNT film exhibits obvious electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of 4-NP since it not only increases the reduction peak current but also lowers the reduction overpotential. Based on this, an electrochemical method was proposed for the direct determination of 4-NP. The reduction peak current varies linearly with the concentration of 4-NP ranging from 1×10^–8 to 5×10^–6M, and the detection limit is 2.5×10^–9M after 3min of open-circuit accumulation. The relative standard deviation at 2×10^–7M 4-NP was about 6% (n=10), suggesting excellent reproducibility. This new method was successfully employed to determine 4-NP in several lake water samples.     

Voltammetric Reduction of a 4‐Nitroimidazole Derivative on a Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

We report the electrochemical behavior of a 4‐nitroimidazole derivative, 1‐methyl‐4‐nitro‐2‐hydroxymethylimidazole (4‐NImMeOH), on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). As dispersing agents, dimethylformamide (DMF) and water were used. The electrochemical response of the resulting electrodes was evaluated using linear sweep, cyclic and square‐wave voltammetry (LSV, CV and SWV). Several parameters such as medium pH, nature and concentration of the CNTs dispersion and accumulation time were tested. The optimal conditions determined for obtain better response were: pH 2, dispersion concentration=4 mg/mL of CNT in water, accumulation time=7 min. The MWCNT‐modified GCE exhibited attractive electrochemical properties producing enhanced currents with a significant reduction in the overpotential and good signal‐to‐noise characteristics, in comparison with the bare GCE. The modified electrode is highly repeatable for consecutive measurements, reaching a variation coefficient of 2.9% for ten consecutive runs.     

1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮与二羰基化合物的固相反应研究

报道了苯偶酰及其衍生物、对二甲氨基苯偶姻、邻苯二甲酰亚胺与1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮的固相热反应研究;这个热反应以较高的选择性生成1:1缩合产物的一种异构体,通过IR、^{1HNMR、MS和元素分析确定了新产物的结构,并通过X射线衍射分析确定了其中一个产物的构型。}     

Electrochemical Redox Behavior of Omeprazole Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode

The electrochemical redox behavior of omeprazole (OMZ), a gastric acid pump inhibitor, was investigated at a glassy carbon electrode using cyclic, differential pulse and square‐wave voltammetry over a wide pH range. The pH‐dependent oxidation occurs in two irreversible consecutive charge transfer reactions. Adsorption of the nonelectroactive product was also observed. The first oxidation involves removal of one electron, followed by deprotonation and leads to the formation of a hydroxylated species. The second oxidation process is related to the hydroxyl and amino groups in the benzimidazole moiety. The reduction is irreversible, also pH‐dependent, and occurs in a single step at the sulfoxide group in a diffusion‐controlled mechanism. The diffusion coefficient of omeprazole was calculated to be D_OMZ=2.31×10^?6 cm² s^?1.     

Electrochemical Redox Behaviour of Temozolomide Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode

The electrochemical behaviour of temozolomide on a glassy carbon electrode has been investigated. The reduction of temozolomide is an irreversible process, pH dependent, and the mechanism involves the addition of one electron and one proton to C5 to form an anion radical, causing the irreversible breakdown of the tetrazinone ring. The oxidation mechanism of temozolomide is an irreversible, adsorption‐controlled process, pH dependent up to value close to the pK_a and occurs in two consecutive charge transfer reactions, with the formation of the hydroxylated product. The electroanalytical determination of TMZ led to a detection limit of 1.1 µM.     

Untersuchung Der Kcmplexbildung Von Thallium(III) Mit 1-Phenyl-3-Methyl-4-Benzoylpyrazolon-5

Abstract

A study has been made of the method used for extracting the complex formed between thallium(III) and PhMBP. It has been demonstrated that thallium(III) can be readily extracted as a complex with PhMBP by organic solvents at low pH. The extraction of thallium(III) has been studied as a function of pH, concentration of reagent, nature of solvent, duration of contact of the phases and concentration of thallium(III). It has been established that thallium(III) forms a complex with PhMBP of the type MA_n, where n=3. The stability constants and distribution constant of the neutral complex has been calculated by the method of Leden-Rydberg.     

多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极测定多巴酚丁胺的研究

研究了多巴酚丁胺在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了一种直接测定多巴酚丁胺的电化学方法。在0.3mol·L-1H2SO4底液中,氧化峰电位为0.57V(vs.Ag/AgCl),峰电流与多巴酚丁胺的浓度在5.0×10-8～1.0×10-5mol·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系。该法的检出限为3.0×10-8mol·L-1。平均回收率为99.15%。1.0×10-5mol·L-1多巴酚丁胺平行测定8次的标准偏差为4.8%。用拟定的方法测定了多巴酚丁胺注射液中多巴酚丁胺的含量,结果满意。     

多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极测定乙炔雌二醇

多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极测定乙炔雌二醇;多壁碳纳米管;乙炔雌二醇;化学修饰电极;电化学测定     

Electrochemical Determination of Tannins Using Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

A novel chemically modified electrode is prepared on the basis of the attachment of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) to the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in the presence of a hydrophobic surfactant. The electrochemical behavior of tannins at the MWNTs-modified GCE is investigated. Tannins yield a well-defined oxidation at about 0.30 V (SCE) at the MWNTs-modified GCE. MWNT-film shows remarkable enhancement effect on the oxidation peak current of tannins. The experimental parameters are optimized, and a direct electrochemical method to detect tannins is proposed. The oxidation peak current is proportional to the concentration of tannins over the range from 4 × 10^–7 to 2 × 10^–4 M, and the detection limit is 1 × 10^–7 mol/l after 5 min of accumulation. The relative standard deviation of 6% for determination of 2 × 10^–6 mol/l tannins indicates excellent reproducibility. The analysis method is demonstrated by using tea and Chinese gall samples.     

多壁碳纳米管化学修饰电极测定替硝唑的研究

替硝唑(Tinidazole,TNZ)是继甲硝唑后新一代的抗厌氧菌和抗滴虫的国家级二类新药,可广泛应用于临床各种厌氧菌感染。其测定方法有紫外分光光度法、高效液相色谱法、光度法及电化学方法等。但用碳纳米管修饰电极测定TNZ还未见报道。     

CdS修饰玻碳电极电化学发光法检测三聚氰胺

本文将CdS纳米棒修饰到玻碳电极上制作了CdS修饰玻碳电极(CdS/GCE)并研究了其在K2S2O8溶液中的电化学发光(ECL)性能.基于三聚氰胺能淬灭CdSK2s2O8电化学发光的性质建立了一种检测三聚氰胺的方法.在最优条件下,体系的ECL强度与三聚氰胺浓度在1.0×10-9～1.0×10-7 mol/L范围内与EC...     

基于适配体的石墨烯修饰玻碳电极检测卡那霉素

建立了一种基于适配体和石墨烯修饰玻碳电极检测卡那霉素的方法。卡那霉素适配体(Kanaaptamer)可以吸附在石墨烯(Gr)修饰的电极表面,从而阻碍电化学探针[Fe(CN)6]3-/4-与电极表面的电子传递,然而与含有卡那霉素的样品反应后,卡那霉素能与适配体结合并使其从电极上置换脱落,对界面电子传递的阻碍作用降低,探针的电化学信号得到恢复。通过循环伏安法和原子力显微镜法对该过程进行了表征。该原理被用于对卡那霉素进行电化学检测,结果表明:在优化条件下,用差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)检测卡那霉素时,其线性范围为1×10-6~1×10-5mol/L,检出限为5×10-7mol/L。该方法应用于牛奶样品中卡那霉素的检测,结果满意。     

Synthesis,Structure and Photochromic Properties of 1-Phenyl-3-Methyl-4-(4-Bromobenzal)-Pyrazolone-5 Thiosemicarbazone

A new organic photochromic compound containing pyrazolone-ring, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-(4-bromobenzal)-pyrazolone-5 thiosemicarbazone (PM4BrBP-TSC), was synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The X-ray determination indicated that PM4BrBP-TSC is of orthorhombic system, space group Pbca with cell dimensions of a = 12.184(2) Å, b = 18.121(3) Å, c = 18.554(4) Å, V = 4096.4(12) ų, Z = 8 and R = 0.0387. The photochromic properties and photocolored kinetics of PM4BrBP-TSC were studied by Time-dependent UV-Vis reflectance spectra and fluorescence spectra under 365 nm light irradiation. The crystal structure analysis showed that the photochromic properties were related to the photoisomerization from enol tautomer to keto one.     

Nafion修饰玻碳电极吸附伏安法直接测定邻氨基苯酚

在 p H=2 .0的 0 .1 mol/ L H3 PO4 缓冲溶液中 ,开路搅拌富集 2 min后 ,从 0 .0 0～ +1 .0 0 V阳极扫描 ,OAP在 Nafion修饰玻碳电极上出现一灵敏的氧化峰 ,峰电位位于 0 .44 V。该峰电流与 OAP在 1× 1 0 - 7～ 2 .5× 1 0 - 5mol/ L的浓度范围内有良好的线性关系 ,检出限为 1× 1 0 - 8mol/ L。对支持电解质的种类及 p H值、Nafion的用量、富集电位及时间、以及扫描速度等进行了优化 ,提出了一种直接测定邻氨基苯酚的电化学方法。将此方法用于水样中邻氨基苯酚的测定 ,取得了满意的结果     

聚罗丹明B/碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极对亚硝酸盐的灵敏检测

以聚罗丹明B/碳纳米管复合材料修饰玻碳电极(PRh B/CNTs/GCE)为工作电极,通过电催化氧化法应用于亚硝酸盐的灵敏检测。采用循环伏安法(CV)、示差脉冲伏安法(DPV)和安培法考察了NO-2在PRh B/CNTs/GCE上的电化学行为和电催化机理。研究结果表明,与单一PRh B/GCE相比,NO-2的氧化电压明显下降(124 m V),氧化电流提高79%。PRh B/CNTs/GCE对亚硝酸盐的电催化氧化机理是2电子参与的不可逆反应。采用DPV法检测高浓度NO-2,氧化电流与多种NO-2浓度区间呈良好的线性关系,线性范围分别为2~25μmol/L(Ip=94.92 cNO-2+0.05,r2=0.992 3)、35~500μmol/L(Ip=20.32cNO-2+2.65,r2=0.995 8)和500~8 000μmol/L(Ip=10.74cNO-2+8.64,r2=0.997 7)。采用安培法检测低浓度NO-2,其线性范围为0.25~5μmol/L(Ip=0.14cNO-2+0.01,r2=0.993 5),灵敏度为143.50μA·L·mmol-1,方法检出限低至0.08μmol/L。该PRh B/CNTs/GCE具有良好的选择性、抗干扰能力和稳定性,成功应用于实际样品中亚硝酸盐的定量测定,加标回收率为98.3%~102.0%。     

用多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极为工作电极循环伏安法测定辛硫磷

将多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT′s)置于硝酸-硫酸(1+1)溶液中回流6 h使之净化及功能化。取MWCNT′s 5 mg置于超纯水10 mL中经超声振荡20 min制得其悬浮液,取悬浮液10μL滴加在玻碳电极(GCE)表面,经自然干燥后即得用MWCNT′s修饰的玻碳电极(MWCNT′s/GCE)。基于此修饰电极对辛硫磷的催化还原反应,提出了蔬菜中辛硫磷的循环伏安测定法,在pH 4的乙酸盐支持电解质溶液中,在电位0.78 V(对SCE)处可见明显的还原峰,且其峰电流值与辛硫磷浓度在5.0×10-8~1.0×10-6mol.L-1之间呈线性关系。应用此法分析了两件蔬菜样品,并以此试样为基体加入标准溶液对方法进行回收及精密度试验,测得其回收率的平均值和相对标准偏差(n=5)分别依次为100.3%,96.5%及3.7%,3.2%。     

Electrolysis of Nitric Acid by Using a Glassy Carbon Fiber Column Electrode System

The electrochemical redox behavior of nitric acid was studied using a glassy carbon fiber column electrode system, and its reaction mechanism was suggested and confirmed in several ways. Electrochemical reactions in less than 2.0M nitric acid was not observed. However, in more than 2.0M nitric acid, the reduction of nitric acid to nitrous acid occurred and the reduction rate was slow so that the nitric acid solution had to be in contact with an electrode for a period of time long enough for an apparent reduction current of nitric acid to nitrous acid to be observed. The nitrous acid generated in more than 2.0M nitric acid was rapidly and easily reduced to nitric oxide by an autocatalytic reaction. Sulfamic acid was confirmed to be effective to destroy the nitrous acid. At least 0.05M sulfamic acid was necessary to scavenge the nitrous acid generated in 3.5M nitric acid.     

碳纳米管化学修饰电极测定土壤沉积物中的铜

本文研究了在碳纳米管(CNT)修饰的玻碳电极上,用微分脉冲溶出伏安法(DPSV)对土壤沉积物中铜的测定方法,在1.0mol/L的HCl介质中,于-0.6V电位处富集240s,静置10s,在阳极扫描过程中,被富集于修饰电极表面的铜在约-0.25V电位处出现特定的溶出峰,据此实现铜离子的测定。该方法的线性范围为8.0×10-7～1.2×10-5mol/L,检出限为2.0×10-7mol/L,结果令人满意     

多壁碳纳米管-Nafion复合膜修饰玻碳电极测定硝苯地平的研究

研制了以Nafion分散羧基化多壁碳纳米管的化学修饰电极(Nafion-MWCNTs/GC),研究了硝苯地平(NIF)在修饰电极上的电化学行为和测定方法。实验结果表明,在0.1mol/LNH3-NH4Cl(pH9.6)溶液中,Nafion-MWCNTs/GC,对NIF具有明显的催化和增敏作用,还原峰电位由-0.85V(裸电极)正移到-0.75V(vs.AgCl/Ag)(修饰电极),灵敏度增加约7倍。对各种实验条件进行了优化。定量测定的线性范围为2.5×10-7~4.5×10-5mol/L,r为0.9974;检出限为8.0×10-8mol/L。探讨了NIF在Nafion-MWCNTs/GC上的电极过程和反应机理,测得在本体系中参与反应的质子数和电子转移数均为4,电子转移系数α为0.41。对NIF药片进行了测定,回收率为94.5%~101.0%。     

多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极伏安法测定氯霉素

研究了氯霉素(CAP)在多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为.发现在pH=2.0的0.1 mol/LKCl-HCl底液中,CAP在该修饰电极上有一灵敏的还原峰(Ep=-0.36 V vs.Ag/AgCl),峰电流与CAP浓度成正比,线性范围为6.0×10-6~2.7×10-4mol/L,检测限达3.0×10-6mol/L.该方法灵敏、准确,用于模拟样品和实际样品的测定,结果满意.