Spectroscopic,thermal and X-ray crystal structure studies of some bis-(pyrazine-2-carboxylato) nickel(II) complexes

Three nickel(II) complexes [Ni(PC)₂(H₂O)₂], 1, [Ni(PC)₂(TU)₂], 2 and [Ni(PC)₂(ABI)₂]· 2(H₂O), 3, PC?=?pyrazine-2-carboxylate, TU?=?thiourea and ABI?=?2-aminobenzimidazole, were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and thermal analysis. The complexes were also investigated by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Structures of the monomeric complexes showed nickel(II) chelated to two PC ions from an oxygen atom of carboxylate ion and the adjacent hetero nitrogen atom. The three complexes were crystallized in a monoclinic system with P2 ₁ /c space group for 1, while 2 and 3 had C2/c space groups. The structure of 1 showed two coordinated water molecules occupying the trans positions of a slightly elongated octahedron. The structure of 2 consisted of two PC ions and two thiourea molecules in trans positions. The structure of 3 was different and showed a highly distorted octahedron with two ABI molecules chelated to the nickel ion in cis positions through their hetero nitrogen atoms. Two water molecules of crystallisation were shown in the structure of 3.     

A Facile Approach To 5-Trifluoromethylated 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives

Ethyl (l,l,l-trifluoro-2-propylidene)carbazate is converted with tert-butyl hypochlorite to the 2-chloro-l,l,l-trifluoro-2-propyl azo compound 2, which reacts with antimony pentachloride to produce the trifluoromethylated 1-aza-2-azoniaallene salt 3 as a highly reactive intermediate. The cation 3 is employed as a CF₃-containing synthon for the preparation of the 5-trifluoromethylated 1H-1,2,4-triazoliumpicrates 6a-e.     

Crystal‐smectic E mesophases in a series of 2‐(4‐n‐alkylphenyl)indenes

A series of 2‐(4‐n‐alkylphenyl)indenes (3) with different alkyl substituents (CH₃ to C₁₀H₂₁) were synthesized and systematically characterized using differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy and X‐ray diffraction compared with 2‐phenylindene (3a). Depending on the alkyl chain length, highly ordered crystal‐smectic E mesophases were observed and confirmed by X‐ray diffraction for the derivatives 3h–3k with heptyl to decyl chains (n = 6?9). For 3f with a pentyl side chain (n = 4), an X‐ray crystal structure analysis was carried out.     

Two cobalt coordination polymers with a highly undulated 2-D network and a 2-D (4,4) network

Two cobalt(II) coordination polymers [Co₃(ttmb)₂(H₂O)₆Cl₆] · 3H₂O (1) and Co(ttmb)₂(H₂O)₂](NO₃)₂ · 4H₂O (2) were synthesized by the reaction of 1,3,5-tri(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene (ttmb) and CoCl₂ or Co(NO₃)₂. In 1, each ttmb shows a tri-monodentate coordination mode and bonds three Co(II)s to form a highly undulated 2-D network. The Schläfla symbol for the 2-D network is 3²6². The highly undulated 2-D networks are not catenated, but interdigitate each other. In 2, each ttmb shows a two-monodentate coordination mode and connects two Co(II)s to extend a 2-D (4,4) network. The ttmb exhibits the cis,cis,cis-conformation in 1 and the cis,trans,trans-conformation in 2. The thermal stability of 1 was studied.     

基于5-氨基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-羧酸的锌(Ⅱ)/锰(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、晶体结构及性质

以5-氨基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-羧酸（HAtca）为配体,通过水热法和溶液扩散法分别合成了2个新的配合物[Zn（Athy） Br]_n（1,HAthy=5-氨基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-醇）和[Mn（Atca）₂（H₂O）₂]（2）。单晶结构分析表明配合物1和2分别属于正交和单斜晶系,结晶于Pbca和P2₁/c空间群。配合物1为2D层状结构,2是单核配合物。在配合物1中不存在氢键,而配合物2中含有丰富的氢键作用,并且通过氢键的作用形成了一个三维的网格结构。同时在固态下,配合物1和2分别在360、462 nm和382、402 nm处有较强的荧光发射峰。     

ZnCl2 Promoted Formal (3+2) Cycloaddition Reactions of 2-Alkoxy-1,4-benzoquinones with 2H-Chromenes

A simple, mild, inexpensive and highly efficient method for the synthesis of 2,2-dimethyldihydropyranopterocarpans (4a–h and 5a–b) by formal (3+2) cycloaddition reactions of 2-alkoxy-1,4-benzoquinones (3a–b) with 2H-chromenes (1a–d and 2) using ZnCl₂ at room temperature has been developed.     

A new strategy for isoflavone C-glycoside synthesis: The total synthesis of puerarin

Abstract

Given that C-glucosylisoflavones often possess promising biological activities, the development of an efficient synthetic method for this type of molecules is useful for drug discovery. Accordingly, a highly efficient five-step strategy was developed for the total synthesis of puerarin, an isoflavone C-glycoside. An alkyl substituent 4-CH₃OC₆H₄CH₂CH₂ with an electron-donating group on the aromatic ring was used to enhance the reactivity of phenol and the regioselectivity of O-C rearrangement of phenol glycoside. Thus, coupling of the ethylbenzene derivative of a phenol 1c with glycosyl trifluoroacetimidate 2 resulted in C-glycoside 3c in a 46.2% yield, which was easily de-tert-butylated with trifluoroacetic acid and oxidized with 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichlorobenzoquinone to produce deoxybenzoin 5. The ring closure reaction of 5 followed by deprotection gave puerarin. This new synthetic strategy is also suitable for the total synthesis of other C-glucosylisoflavones.     

Chemoselective Deprotection of Thioacetals/Thioketals Using HIO3 in the Presence of Wet SiO2 Under Mild Solvent-Free Conditions

Abstract

HIO ₃ in the presence of wet SiO ₂ is highly efficient and a mild reagent for selective deprotection of a variety of thioacetals/thioketals to the corresponding parent carbonyl compounds at room temperature and under solvent-free conditions.     

溶剂对柔性配体1,3,5-三(三氮唑-1-甲基)-2,4,6-三甲苯的银配合物的影响

通过在不同溶剂中硝酸银与1,3,5-三（1,2,4-三氮唑-1-甲基）-2,4,6-三甲苯（ttmb）的反应,合成了2种新型的银配合物：{[Ag（ttmb）（H₂O）]NO₃}_n（1）、{[Ag（ttmb）]NO₃·H₂O）}_n（2）。研究了室温条件下,2个配合物与相关ttmb配体的固态荧光性质。通过元素分析、粉末和单晶X射线衍射分析、红外光谱分析等对其结构进行表征,结果表明化合物1包含一个高度起伏的二维网状结构,化合物2具有一个二维的（6,3）网状结构。     

Stereoselective Preparation of 1-[5-O-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)-2,3-dideoxy-3-iodo-β-D-threo-pentofuranosyl]thymine from Thymidine: An Efficient Entry to 3′,4′-Unsaturated Nucleoside

The title compound (13) has been synthesized from 5′-O-TBS-thymidine (8) through a highly stereoselective iodination of the 3′-hydroxyl group utilizing I₂/PPh₃/imidazole. This method provides an efficient entry to the 3′,4′-unsaturated derivative (7).     

Facile synthesis,X-ray analysis,and spectroscopic studies of di-iron propanedithiolate complexes with tris(aromatic)phosphine ligands

Three new propanedithiolate-type iron–sulfur complexes containing tris(aromatic)phosphine ligands, [{(μ-SCH₂)₂CH₂}Fe₂(CO)₅L] (L?=?P(PhOMe-p)₃, 1; P(PhMe-p)₃, 2; P(PhF-p)₃, 3), have been prepared through carbonyl substitution in the presence of Me₃NO. The new complexes 1–3 were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H, ¹³C{¹H}, and ³¹P{H} NMR spectra. The molecular structures of 1–3 were unequivocally determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, in which the tris(aromatic)phosphine coordinated to Fe resides in an apical position of the pseudo-square-pyramidal geometry. IR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallographic analysis for 1–3 have indicated that the highly electron rich tris(aromatic)phosphine ligands (where the corresponding electron-donating abilities display the following order of P(PhOMe-p)₃?>?P(PhMe-p)₃?>?P(PhF-p)₃) result in a considerable red shift of the CO-stretching frequencies and a clear change of the Fe–Fe bond distances in 1–3.     

溶剂对柔性配体1,3,5-三(三氮唑-1-甲基)-2,4,6-三甲苯的银配合物的影响

通过在不同溶剂中硝酸银与1,3,5-三（1,2,4-三氮唑-1-甲基）-2,4,6-三甲苯（ttmb）的反应,合成了2种新型的银配合物：{[Ag（ttmb）（H₂O）]NO₃}_n（1）、{[Ag（ttmb）]NO₃·H₂O）}_n（2）。研究了室温条件下,2个配合物与相关ttmb配体的固态荧光性质。通过元素分析、粉末和单晶X射线衍射分析、红外光谱分析等对其结构进行表征,结果表明化合物1包含一个高度起伏的二维网状结构,化合物2具有一个二维的（6,3）网状结构。     

Facile synthesis of highly functionalized novel pyrazolopyridones using oxoketene dithioacetal and their anti-HIV activity

A series of novel 3-amino-4,5-dihydro-6-methyl-4-oxo-N-aryl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide have been synthesized starting from various oxoketene dithioacetals. The cyclocondensation reaction of 2-(bis(methylthio)methylene)-3-oxo-N-arylbutanamide 2a–w with cyanoacetamide using NaOiPr as base under reflux condition afforded novel highly functionalized pyridone 3a–w derivatives. Further, [3?+?2] cyclocondensation reaction of pyridones with hydrazine in the presence of alcohol was yielded pyrazolopyridones (23 nos) 4a–w with excellent yields. All newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for in vitro anti-HIV activity using MTT method. Most of these compounds have showed moderate to potent activity against HIV-1 (III_B) and HIV-2 (ROD) strains with an IC₅₀ ranging from >18 IC₅₀[µg/ml] to <100 IC₅₀[µg/ml]. Among them, compounds 4j and 4v were identified as the most promising compound for both types of HIV strains. (IC₅₀?=?18?µg/ml). Three compounds 4l, 4m, and 4p have been found potent anti-HIV 1 and 2 activity against MT-4 cells.     

A PETERSON OLEFINATION REACTION USING SILYL-SUBSTITUTED SULFONAMIDE CARBANIONS. SYNTHESIS OF VINYLIC SULFONAMIDES

Abstract

α-Trimethylsilyl-substituted sulfonamides RCH(SiMe₃)SO₂N(CH₃)₂ (3), (R[dbnd]H, CH₃ and C₆H₅) are synthetized in almost quantitative yields. Their lithium derivatives 4 undergo a smooth Peterson olefination reaction with nonenolisable carbonyl compounds to give good to excellent yields of vinylsulfonamides 6. With R[dbnd]H, the reaction is highly E-stereoselective. Moderate stereoselectivity is obtained in the cases of R[dbnd]CH₃ and R[dbnd]C₆H₅.     

Metal carbonyl derivatives of lanthanides. CpLuCl2-induced synthesis of the trinuclear tungsten cluster [Na(DME)3]2[W3(CO)14]

The cluster [Na(DME)₃]₂[W₃(CO)₁₄] (1) was prepared by treating CpLuCl₂ with an equimolar mixture of Na₂W(CO)₅ and Na₂W₂(CO)₁₀ in DME and characterized by X-ray analysis (MoK radiation, 653 reflections,R = 0.125). The crystals are rhombic,a=18.749(4) Å,b=15.074(3) Å,c=9.505(3) Å,Z = 2, space groupC _mmm. The W-W distance in the W-W-W chain is 2.79 Å. The carbonyl ligands at the tungsten atoms are eclipsed. Compound 1 is the first example of a homometallic carbonyl cluster of an early transition metal. It is suggested that CpLuCl₂ interacts with Na₂W(CO)₅ to afford the highly reactive species CpLu (CO)₅ which further reacts with Na₂W₂(CO)₁₀ to form1. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 582–585, March, 1993.     

Synthesis,characterization, luminescence,antibacterial, and catalytic activities of a palladium(II) complex involving a Schiff base

A new Pd(II) complex of fluorine-containing Schiff base ligand, [Pd₂(L)₂Cl₂] (1) [L?=?N-(4-fluorobenzylidene)-2,6-diethylbenzenamine], has been synthesized using solvothermal method and characterized by elemental analysis, IR-spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, UV–vis absorption spectra, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 is a μ-chloro-bridged dinuclear cyclometallated Pd(II) complex. Thermal analysis indicates that 1 is quite stable to heat. 1 exhibits quadruple emissions in the solid state (λ _max?=?766?nm) and possesses fluorescence lifetimes (τ ₁?=?87.20?ns, τ ₂?=?190.45?ns, and τ ₃?=?1805.10?ns at 616?nm); broad structureless bands at 690–800?nm are tentatively assigned to an excimeric ³IL transition. The Schiff base (L) and its palladium(II) compound (1) have been screened for their antibacterial activity against several bacteria, and the results are compared with the activity of penicillin. Moreover, 1 has been shown to be highly effective in the Heck reaction of 4-bromotoluene with acrylic acid.     

Asymmetric Synthesis of Highly Enantiomerically Enriched (S)(-)-β-Bisabolene

(S)-β-Bisabolene, (S)-1, was synthetized by a synthetic route in which (S)-4-methyl-3-cyclohexene carboxylic acid, (S)-10, which was the key intermediate, was prepared via a highly diastereoselective TiCl₄-catalyzed Diels-Alder reaction between isoprene and the acrylate of commercial (R)-pantolactone, followed by hydrolysis. Compound (S)-10 was then converted into ketone (S)-13 using two different procedures. The best one of these, as regards the degree of stereospecificity, involved the reaction of (S)-10 with 2 equiv of 4-methyl-3-penten-1-yllithium, 14, in the presence of CeCl₃, and gave (S)-13 having ca. 84% ee. The Zr-promoted methylenation of this ketone afforded highly enantiomerically enriched (S)-1.     

Nucleophilic attack on cluster-bound acetylide ligands derived from the iron ketenylidene, [Fe3(CO)9(CCO)]2−

Reaction of the iron ketenylidene (PPN)₂[Fe₃(CO)₉CCO] [PPN =bis (triphenylphosphine)nitrogen(+1)] with trifluoroacetic anhydride forms a highly electrophilic acetylide cluster (PPN)[Fe₃(CO)₉CCOC(O)CF₃] (lc), analogous to the known compounds (PPN)[Fe₃(CO)₉CCOR] [R=Et, (Ia); Ac, (Ib)] prepared from the reaction of ethyl triflate and acetyl chloride on the ketenylidene. Reaction of phosphines and (Ib, c) yield phosphonium acetylides [Fe₃(CO)₉CCPR₃] [(II),R=Ph], with loss of (PPN)[CH₃CO₂] or (PPN)[CF₃CO₂]. Additionally, (Ic) and triphenylarsine react to give an analogous arsonium acetylide [Fe₃(CO)₉CCAsPh₃] (III). No reaction occurs when an excess of arsine is added to (Ib). The reaction of (Ib, c) with anionic nucleophiles is reported, including reaction of Na[CpFe(CO)₂] and (Ib) to afford an unusual metallated acetylide cluster (PPN) [Fe₃(CO)₉CCFe(CO)₂Cp] (IV). Clusters (II), (III), and (IV) are spectroscopically characterized and a single crystal x-ray structure determination of (IV) is reported. (PPN)[Fe₃(CO)₉CCFe(CO)₂Cp] (IV) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n;a=17.793(2) Å;b=16.108(3) Å;c=18.157(3) Å;=107.62(1)⁰;V=4959(3) ų;Z=4. Refinement of 469 variables on 5981 observed [I>3(I)] reflections converged toR=3.5% andRw=4.7%.     

A systematic study on the influences of linkage length on phase behaviours and charge carrier mobilities of discotic dimers

Two series of discotic dimers T3Dn and T5Dn based on hexapropoxytriphenylene (HAT3) and hexapentyloxytriphenylene(HAT5), respectively, with polymethylene linkage O(CH₂)_nO (n = 3–12) have been synthesised. Their mesomorphism was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, polarising optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that side chains induced a phase transition from col_hp phase to col_h phase, namely dimers T3Dn (n = 6–12) based on HAT3 exhibiting a single col_hp phase, dimers T4Dn (n = 6, 7, 11, 12) based on HAT4 showing a highly ordered col_hp phase in low-temperature region and a col_h phase in high-temperature region, dimers T4Dn (n = 8–10) based on HAT4 displaying a single col_hp phase and dimers T5Dn (n = 6–11) based on HAT5 indicating a single col_h phase. Dimers T4Dn showed a phase competition between col_h phase and col_hp phase induced by linkages. Surprisingly, a unique phenomenon was found by us, that is, those compounds in which linkage lengths were twice those of side chains showed the largest enthalpies, the smallest intracolumnar spacings and the highest charge-carrier mobilities among their homologues, respectively, which implied that they formed the most highly ordered phase among their homologues.     

Synthesis and properties of ruthenium(II) complexes of 3,3′-polymethylene-2-(pyrid-2′-yl)benzo[b]-1,10-phenanthrolines

Coordination abilities of unsymmetrical tridentate ligands, 3,3′-polymethylene-2-(pyrid-2′-yl)-benzo[b]-1,10-phenanthrolines (4) were studied. Reactions of the 3,3′-di- and 3,3′-trimethylene-2-(pyrid-2′-yl)benzo[b]-1,10-phenanthrolines (4b and 4c) with RuCl₃ ? 3H₂O afforded [Ru(4b)₂]²⁺ and [Ru(4c)₂]²⁺ in 57% and 78% yield, respectively, while reactions of the parent non-bridged ligand (4a), tetramethylene-bridged ligand (4d), and fully aromatized ligand (4e) afforded a messy mixture. Reactions of 4 with Ru(tpy)Cl₃ (tpy = 2,2′;6′,2″-terpyridine) afforded [Ru(tpy)(4)]²⁺ in 61–72% yields. UV absorption spectra of the ligands showed four ligand-centered (LC) π–π* transitions and their Ru complexes showed four LC π–π* transitions and one Ru(d_π) → ligand(π*) MLCT. The ligands showed three major emission maxima (λ _emission) in the region of 393–418, 416–445, and 437–471 nm in which λ _emission is highly dependent on the length of the methylene bridge connecting C3 of benzo[b]-1,10-phenanthroline and C3 of pyridine. Ru complexes with fully aromatic ligand, [Ru(tpy)(4e)]²⁺, and the most distorted ligand, [Ru(tpy)(4d)]²⁺, showed two emission maxima at 410 and 444–446 nm, while the others showed one emission at 410 nm. Each of the emission maxima is bathochromatically shifted from the complex with the most distorted ligand (4d) to the complex with fully aromatized planar ligand (4e) indicating lower energy emission.