Proposal of metal bellows-based fiber Bragg grating accelerometer

A metal bellows-based fiber Bragg grating(FBG) accelerometer is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The optical fiber(containing the FBG) is pre-tensioned,and the two ends of the optical fiber are fixed directly from the shell to the inertial mass. In this design,the FBG is uniformly tensioned to obtain a constant strain distribution over it. By employing this configuration,the FBG always has a sharp reflection characteristic with no broadening in its reflection spectrum during wavelength shifting. Dy...     

分布式光纤Bragg光栅波长校准方法

提出了一种利用标准参考光谱进行波长校准的方法。实验中利用由宽带光源和光纤可调谐滤波器组成的可调谐光源分别扫描了参考光谱和传感光栅的光谱。在参考通道,ITU标准参考模块的输出是具有固定波长的梳状光谱。利用高斯拟合算法计算出由标准参考透射谱峰值输出的对应的驱动电压,通过样条插值函数获得了滤波器输出波长与驱动电压的关系。计算光栅反射谱峰值对应的驱动电压,利用上面获得的滤波器输出波长与驱动电压的关系式可以计算出传感光栅的Bragg波长。实验结果表明,在较大的波长范围内实现了对多个传感光栅的波长校准,减小了由滤波器非线性输出造成的测量误差,具有较高的重复性。     

基于色散补偿光纤的高速光纤光栅解调方法

本文提出并论证了一种光纤光栅高速解调的新方法, 利用色散补偿光纤的色散效应, 将光纤光栅的波长漂移信息转换成时域信息. 采用脉冲激光器作为光源, 仅需一个光脉冲可获取单根光纤上所有光纤光栅的反射光脉冲, 再根据各个光栅反射回光脉冲的延时变化即可实现波长的解调. 本方法可用于准分布光纤光栅传感网络解调, 系统采用全光纤结构, 无需波长扫描, 大大提高了解调速度. 本文搭建了测试系统进行实验验证, 对3个光纤光栅组成的准分布式传感网络进行了解调, 实验结果表明, 解调出的光纤光栅布喇格波长线性度好, 解调速度最高可达1 MHz, 采样数据取10次平均后解调线性度可达0.9969, 解调误差约为27.8 pm.     

基于滤波法的光纤光栅传感解调方案

FBG传感器对应变和温度的敏感体现在其反射光中心波长的变化上，因此如何测量波长的变化就成为FBG传感器的关键。在光纤光栅的多种解调方法中，因滤波法的测量器件制作简单，测量系统简易、方便直观而被广泛应用。主要介绍了8种基于滤波法的解调方法，对它们各自的成本、检测精度、测量范围、器件制作以及适用的环境进行了详细的比较，分析了它们的优缺点，以便于在不同的检测条件下选用最佳的解调方案。重点介绍了光学小波滤波解调法，探讨了其测量系统的原理，并指出该方法可用于微弱信号的检测与处理。     

测量熔融金属密度的浮子式光纤Bragg光栅传感器

密度可以解释熔融金属的性质和行为,密度的变化特征反映了熔融金属内部原子距离和配位数等的基本变化。研制了一种测量熔融金属密度的浮子式光纤Bragg光栅传感器,浸没在熔融金属中的浮子受浮力作用,通过传递杆、等臂杠杆及连杆,拉动等强度悬臂梁产生扰度变化,根据检测粘贴在等强度悬臂梁表面的光纤Bragg光栅中心波长移位值,测出浮力值,进而检测熔融金属密度。该传感器的理论灵敏度为0.115pm/(kg/m3),4次实验得到熔融金属的平均密度为7.574×103 kg/m3,略小于理论密度7.621×103kg/m3,相对误差为0.62,均方根误差为117.371kg/m3。     

差动式光纤Bragg光栅沉降仪

研制了一种测量地表沉降变形的差动式光纤Bragg光栅沉降仪。等强度悬臂梁的底部固定于工地上的固定平台,顶端通过刃口、挂钩和连杆与沉降墩连接。在该测量中,沉降仪将沉降墩的地沉降量转换为悬臂梁的挠度。悬臂梁作用粘贴于其上下表面的光纤Bragg光栅产生应变,即传感光栅的Bragg波长产生了移位。对粘贴在悬臂梁上、下表面的传感光栅的Bragg波长进行差动运算,实现温度补偿,减小人为和气候因素的影响。在挂钩和沉降敦之间采用了螺旋结构连接,可通过调整螺旋或更换不同长度的挂钩来调节传感器的测量范围。荷载实验表明,该沉降仪的测量精度为0.004mm,低于变形测量中的科研级测量精度0.01~0.05mm。     

A novel fiber Bragg grating high-temperature sensor

A novel fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor for the measurement of high temperature is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The interrogation system of the sensor system is simple, low cost but effective. The sensor head is comprised of one FBG and two metal rods. The lengths of the rods are different from each other. The coefficients of thermal expansion of the rods are also different from each other. The FBG will be strained by the sensor head when the temperature to be measured changes. The temperature is measured basis of the wavelength shifts of the FBG induced by strain. A dynamic range of 0–800 °C and a resolution of 1 °C have been obtained by the sensor system. The experiment results agree with theoretical analyses.     

A strain-induced birefringent double-clad fiber Bragg grating

A strain-induced birefringence double-clad (DC) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is proposed and demonstrated.The grating is fabricated in the core of rectangular inner cladding double clad fiber by using phase mask method. By applying lateral strain on the grating, the birefringence is induced. In order to detect the birefringent effect of the grating, we use it as the output mirror of a laser. When lateral strain is applied,the grating becomes birefringent. Therefore, one reflection peak of double-clad fiber Bragg grating becomes two peaks and the laser also lases in two wavelengths. The wavelength spacing of the laser can be tuned from 0 to 0.8 nm. The absolute wavelengths for the two polarizations can be tuned 1.2 and 2.0 nm,respectively.     

Spectrum-profile-identification-based wavelength division multiplexing method for a fiber Bragg grating sensor

A new wavelength division multiplexing method for fiber Bragg grating(FBG) sensors based on spectrum profile identification is proposed. In this method, FBGs and tilted FBG(TFBG) sensors are cascaded in a single fiber in one sensing channel. The different spectrum profiles enable the cross-correlation method to demodulate the wavelength. Therefore, the different types of sensors can occupy the same central wavelength band. Using this method, the multiplexing capacity is optimized. Experiment results demonstrate the feasibility of this method and it is useful for applications where large numbers of FBGs are needed.     

Tilted fiber Bragg grating sensors

Optical fiber gratings have developed into a mature technology with a wide range of applications in various areas, including physical sensing for temperature, strain, acoustic waves and pressure. All of these applications rely on the perturbation of the period or refractive index of a grating inscribed in the fiber core as a transducing mechanism between a quantity to be measured and the optical spectral response of the fiber grating. This paper presents a relatively recent variant of the fiber grating concept, whereby a small tilt of the grating fringes causes coupling of the optical power from the core mode into a multitude of cladding modes, each with its own wavevector and mode field shape. The main consequence of doing so is that the differential response of the modes can then be used to multiply the sensing modalities available for a single fiber grating and also to increase the sensor resolution by taking advantage of the large amount of data available. In particular, the temperature cross‐sensitivity and power source fluctuation noise inherent in all fiber grating designs can be completely eliminated by referencing all the spectral measurements to the wavelength and power level of the core mode back‐reflection. The mode resonances have a quality factor of 10⁵, and they can be observed in reflection or transmission. A thorough review of experimental and theoretical results will show that tilted fiber Bragg gratings can be used for high resolution refractometry, surface plasmon resonance applications, and multiparameter physical sensing (strain, vibration, curvature, and temperature).     

A gain-clamped S-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier using fiber Bragg grating

We propose and investigate experimentally a gain-clamped S-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier module, employing a fiber Bragg grating to serve as a reflected element to lase a saturated tone injected into the module, by forward optical feedback method. In addition, different injected powers of the saturated tone are used to realize the performances of gain and noise figure for the proposed amplifier over the effectively wavelength range of 1478-1520 nm.     

Interrogation unit for fiber Bragg grating sensors that uses a slanted fiber grating

A novel interrogation technique for fiber Bragg gratings is presented. It is based on measuring the characteristics of the outgoing near-field radiation from a tilted fiber grating. This scheme was experimentally checked and was found to offer a wide wavelength interrogation range as well as a good linearity, stability, and wavelength resolution.     

A simple temperature-insensitive fiber Bragg grating displacement sensor

The study on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) displacement sensor based on monitoring the back-reflected power from an array of novelly embedded FBG sensors is presented. The sensor is a uniform FBG with three sections that are embedded in different layer in a composite lamina. Its bandwidth is displacement dependent and hence its reflected power varies almost linearly with displacement and it is insensitive to temperature variation. Thus, only low-cost photodetector (PD) is required to monitor displacement. This study demonstrates a novel fiber sensor, a method of fabricated the same, and a method to achieve simultaneous multi-sensor measurement.     

一种新颖的超结构光纤Bragg光栅梳状滤波器的设计

报道一种新颖的用于多波长光纤激光器的超结构光纤Bragg光栅（SFBG）梳状滤波器，其突出特点是仅由单个光栅构成、折射率调制和局部啁啾富于变化、反射峰均匀性好、窄带宽和标准的信道间隔.采用基于LP算法的IS光纤光栅设计技术，将整体加窗切趾法改进为各信道独立加窗切趾，成功地设计出所需的SFBG，同时对SFBG的制作技术也进行了探讨.用传输矩阵法分析反射谱、时延曲线和群时延抖动.结果表明，所设计的SFBG满足各项设计指标要求，在DWDM系统中，这种新颖的SFBG可望成为用于多波长光纤激光器的最理想的高性 能梳 关键词： 超结构光纤Bragg光栅 光栅设计 梳状滤波器     

Ultrahigh-channel-count fiber Bragg grating based on the triple sampling method

A triple sampling method to have enabled excellent channel uniformity and high in-band energy efficiency is firstly proposed for the design of an ultrahigh-channel-count fiber Bragg grating (FBG), which is based on the simultaneous utilization of two amplitude-assisted phase sampling (AAPS) functions and a phase-only sampling (POS) function. As an example, one linearly chirped FBG with consecutive 1215 channels enabling to cover all fiber telecom bands (O + E + S + C + L + U) is numerically demonstrated, which has a length of 9 cm, a dispersion of − 1360 ps/nm, and a channel spacing of 50 GHz. The maximum index-change required for 10 dB strength of the FBG is less than 6 × 10^− 3.     

Three-hole microstructured optical fiber for efficient fiber Bragg grating refractometer

We present a photosensitive three-hole microstructured optical fiber specifically designed to improve the refractive index sensitivity of a standard fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor photowritten in the suspended Ge-doped silica core. We describe the specific photowriting procedure used to realize gratings in such a fiber. We then determine their spectral sensitivity to the refractive index changes of material filling the holes surrounding the core. The sensitivity is compared with that of standard FBGs photowritten in a six-hole fiber with a larger core diameter. We demonstrate an improvement in the sensitivity by two orders of magnitude and reach a resolution of 3 x 10(-5) and 6 x 10(-6) around mean refractive index values of 1.33 and 1.40, respectively.     

匹配光纤光栅温度传感解调系统

实验了一种基于一维调节器的光纤光栅静态温度(温度缓变)探测系统。在系统中,一维调节器与步进电机相连,步进电机由PC(计算机)通过PLC(可编程逻辑控制器)进行控制,匹配光纤光栅被固定在一维调节器上用来解调增敏光纤光栅传感器探测到的温度信号,匹配光栅的Bragg周期可通过调节一维调节器进行控制,其透射的光信号经光电检测电路检测并与调节架形成闭环控制。实验测得,在10℃~70℃范围内系统温度传感探测精度为±0.3℃。     

一种新型的利用重构等效啁啾超结构光纤光栅消啁啾技术研究

提出了一种利用重构等效啁啾超结构光纤光栅对啁啾光脉冲进行频域消啁啾和时域脉宽压缩的方法.由于重构等效啁啾技术可实现任意物理可实现滤波特性的光纤光栅,因此所提出的新型消啁啾方法可以针对任意啁啾模型的脉冲.仿真结果表明,对于脉宽为20 ps,啁啾系数为-5,啁啾模型为线性、高斯型、洛仑兹型的啁啾高斯脉冲,其被消啁啾后时间带宽积分别由初始的225,265,250下降到0458,0708,0731,脉宽压缩效果明显.针对商业软件给出的增益开关分布反馈半导体激光器输出光脉冲的模型,实际制作相应的重构等效 关键词： 重构等效啁啾 光纤光栅 啁啾 增益开关分布反馈半导体激光器     

一种新型温度自适应光纤光栅动态传感系统

 研究了采用温度控制光纤Bragg光栅（FBG）作为信号解调器件的自适应光纤光栅动态传感系统。系统利用半导体制冷器件对滤波用FBG进行温度控制,以改变FBG的窄带滤波波长,使之在合适的滤波波长工作,以适应测量环境温度变化,实现对传感器环境温度变化的自适应。通过采用参考信道,去除系统噪音,提高测量精度。系统动态应变传感精度达到9.745×10^-10(Hz^-1/2。     

A high sensitive fiber Bragg grating cryogenic temperature sensor

At cryogenic temperature, a fiber Bragg grating （FBG） temperature sensor with controllable sensitivity and variable measurement range is demonstrated by using bimetal configuration. In experiments, sensitivities of -51.2, -86.4, and -520 pm/K are achieved by varying the lengths of the metals. Measurement ranges of 293 - 290.5, 283 - 280.5, and 259 - 256.5 K are achieved by shortening the distance of the gap among the metals.