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电化学界面动力学决定了所有电化学反应性质.从原子和分子水平上多维度原位观察电极的表界面电化学反应动态过程对于典型的电化学储能技术(电解槽、燃料电池)中催化剂的结构设计、合成和筛选具有重要意义,但是复杂的电化学界面以及微量、快速的反应中间态信号给界面电化学反应动态过程研究带来了极大的挑战.同步辐射傅里叶变换红外光谱(SR-FTIR)具有独特的分子指纹识别功能,可以用来确定电化学界面的活性物质,结合对纳米材料的局部原子结构高度敏感的同步辐射X射线吸收精细结构(SR-XAFS)光谱可以开展界面电化学反应过程的实时动态研究,有助于指导设计用于高效高能量密度能源系统的先进电催化剂.本文基于近年来本课题组的研究工作,系统地介绍了获得高质量的电化学反应过程中同步辐射红外关联谱学实验结果的策略,及其应用于电催化反应动态过程研究成果,其中主要选用当前热门的金属有机框架(MOF)纳米材料以及金属单原子催化剂(SACs)作为研究对象.最后,对原位同步辐射实验方法发展及其针对电化学反应动态过程的研究进行了展望,旨在通过揭示电化学反应的动态机理来指导和合成高效稳定的催化材料. 相似文献
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传染性病原体POCT对于及时有效控制传染病尤为关键。相比于传统检测方法,基于电化学免疫传感器的传染性病原体检测具有快速、灵敏、准确、易于小型化和集成化等优势,尤其适用于传染病POCT。新兴的纳米材料因其独特的理化性质可用于修饰传感器界面或作为生物分子的固载基质以及信号标记物等,有助于构建出高选择性和高灵敏度的电化学免疫传感器。在本文中,我们着重阐述了不同结构的纳米材料修饰的电化学免疫传感器在传染性病原体POCT检测中的应用,进一步介绍了基于纳米材料的电化学免疫传感器与不同检测技术联用在传染性病原体POCT中的应用,并对其发展前景做出了展望。 相似文献
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对1995~2011年间各种纳米材料,包括金属纳米粒子、量子点纳米材料、碳纳米材料、复合纳米材料等在电化学生物传感器中的应用及纳米仿生界面的构建进行了综述。 相似文献
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作为以碳为骨架结构的新型纳米材料,碳点具有许多优良的性能,如发射波长可调、良好的光稳定性、抗光漂白、良好的水溶性以及易于生物偶联等. 正是因为这些优点,碳点和其它碳质纳米材料(富勒烯、碳纳米管、石墨烯)一样受到了广泛的关注. 电化学方法制备碳点具有条件温和、费用低廉、后处理简单等特点. 另外,电化学方法在材料的表面结构分析以及发光机理的研究中也有其独特的优势. 本文即就电化学方法在荧光碳点的制备以及发光机理探讨中的应用作了综述,并简略介绍了碳点在传感器中的应用,提出了优化电化学方法制备碳点的某些设想. 相似文献
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Rajpal Singh Dr. Thathan Premkumar Dr. Ji‐Young Shin Kurt E. Geckeler Prof. Dr. Dr. 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2010,16(6):1728-1743
Carbon nanotubes constitute a novel class of nanomaterials with potential applications in many areas. The attachment of metal nanoparticles to carbon nanotubes is new way to obtain novel hybrid materials with interesting properties for various applications such as catalysts and gas sensors as well as electronic and magnetic devices. Their unique properties such as excellent electronic properties, a good chemical stability, and a large surface area make carbon nanotubes very useful as a support for gold nanoparticles in many potential applications, ranging from advanced catalytic systems through very sensitive electrochemical sensors and biosensors to highly efficient fuel cells. Here we give an overview on the recent progress in this area by exploring the various synthesis approaches and types of assemblies, in which nanotubes can be decorated with gold nanoparticles and explore the diverse applications of the resulting composites. 相似文献
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Recently, nanomaterials have received increasing attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties, which make them of considerable interest for applications in many fields, such as biotechnology, optics, electronics, and catalysis. The development of nanomaterials has proven fundamental for the development of smart electrochemical sensors to be used in different application fields such, as biomedical, environmental, and food analysis. In fact, they showed high performances in terms of sensitivity and selectivity. In this report, we present a survey of the application of different nanomaterials and nanocomposites with tailored morphological properties as sensing platforms for food analysis. Particular attention has been devoted to the sensors developed with nanomaterials such as carbon-based nanomaterials, metallic nanomaterials, and related nanocomposites. Finally, several examples of sensors for the detection of some analytes present in food and beverages, such as some hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and rosmarinic acid), caffeine (CAF), ascorbic acid (AA), and nitrite are reported and evidenced. 相似文献
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为庆祝中国科学院长春应用化学研究所70周年华诞,特邀请化学及相关领域著名专家学者撰写出版一期纪念刊专辑。 本专辑收录了在相关领域具有丰富研究经验的团队所撰写的17篇相关研究的综述文章和2篇研究论文。 综述和评价了蛋白质组学技术、表面增强拉曼光谱技术、高分子材料、无机材料、有机材料和纳米材料等在荧光检测、橡胶合成、高分子聚合、不对称合成、电化学催化、传感、电池、电化学储能、水处理与检测等方面的研究进展;报道了开放骨架磷酸铝合成中的模版剂结构导向效应,以及通过交联度调控聚氨酯弹性体摩擦性能方面的研究工作。 专辑内容体现了各相关领域前沿学术进展和热点,具有很好的学术价值。 对广大读者更深入地了解相关领域的研究现状和发展趋势,促进相关领域的学术进步具有重要的意义! 相似文献
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Two‐dimensional (2D) layered nanomaterials, e.g. graphene and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), have rapidly emerged in material sciences due to their unique physical, chemical and mechanical properties. In the meanwhile, there is a growing interest in constructing electrochemical sensors for a wide range of chemical and biological molecules by using these 2D nanomaterials. In this review, we summarize recent advances on using graphene and MoS2 for the development of electrochemical sensors for small molecules, proteins, nucleic acids and cells detection. We also provide our perspectives in this rapidly developing field. 相似文献
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可以预见,在相当一段时期内,能源和环境将是全球发展的两大主题. 其实,人类对能源的获取方式将对地球的生态环境和人类未来的生存状态和生活方式产生重要影响. 正因为如此,世界各国正在大力发展可再生能源和清洁能源. 电化学能源是将化学能高效转变为电能的一种能量转换方式,它历史悠久,但不断被改进和创新,尤其是近年来得到了较快的发展. 目前,电化学能源转换和存储器件主要包括一次电池(如锌锰电池等)、二次电池(如铅酸电池、镍氢电池、锂离子电池等)、燃料电池、金属-空气电池以及超级电容器等. 电化学能源和其它可再生能源相互补充、交叉利用将是未来清洁能源的主要发展方向. 相似文献
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Tse-Wei Chen Palraj Kalimuthu Pitchaimani Veerakumar King-Chuen Lin Shen-Ming Chen Rasu Ramachandran Vinitha Mariyappan Selvam Chitra 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(3)
Carbon-based nanocomposites have developed as the most promising and emerging materials in nanoscience and technology during the last several years. They are microscopic materials that range in size from 1 to 100 nanometers. They may be distinguished from bulk materials by their size, shape, increased surface-to-volume ratio, and unique physical and chemical characteristics. Carbon nanocomposite matrixes are often created by combining more than two distinct solid phase types. The nanocomposites that were constructed exhibit unique properties, such as significantly enhanced toughness, mechanical strength, and thermal/electrochemical conductivity. As a result of these advantages, nanocomposites have been used in a variety of applications, including catalysts, electrochemical sensors, biosensors, and energy storage devices, among others. This study focuses on the usage of several forms of carbon nanomaterials, such as carbon aerogels, carbon nanofibers, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and fullerenes, in the development of hydrogen fuel cells. These fuel cells have been successfully employed in numerous commercial sectors in recent years, notably in the car industry, due to their cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, and long-cyclic durability. Further; we discuss the principles, reaction mechanisms, and cyclic stability of the fuel cells and also new strategies and future challenges related to the development of viable fuel cells. 相似文献
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碳量子点的制备及其在能源与环境领域应用进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
碳量子点(carbon quantum dots,CQDs)作为碳纳米材料家族的新成员引起了科学家广泛关注和极大的研究兴趣。 CQDs具有优良的光学特性、生物相容性及微弱的细胞毒性,在生物医药、生物传感器及光电子设备、环境及能源等领域中具有重要的应用。 本文从CQDs的制备方法出发,介绍了近年来发展的新型制备方法,讨论了其优缺点以及对所得CQDs在组成、结构和性质等方面的影响;基于CQDs独特的光学及电化学性能,重点介绍了CQDs在环境与能源领域的应用。 此外,对CQDs研究过程中存在的若干挑战进行了分析,提出了未来发展的一些思考和建议,为拓展CQDs多方面应用提供重要参考。 相似文献