F-rationality of certain Rees algebras and counterexamples to “Boutot's Theorem” for F-rational rings

F-rational rings are defined for rings of characteristic p > 0 using the Frobenius endomorphism and corresponds to rational singularities in characteristic 0. We study F-rationality of certain Rees algebras and prove that every Cohen-Macaulay local ring with isolated singularity and negative a-invariant has a Rees algebra which is F-rational. As a consequence, we find that “Boutot's Theorem” asserting that a pure subring of a rational singularity is a rational singularity is not true for a F-rational ring.     

Enumeration ofQ-acyclic simplicial complexes

Let (n, k) be the class of all simplicial complexesC over a fixed set ofn vertices (2≦k≦n) such that: (1)C has a complete (k−1)-skeleton, (2)C has precisely ( _k ⁿ⁻¹ )k-faces, (3)H _k (C)=0. We prove that for ,H _k−1(C) is a finite group, and our main result is: . This formula extends to high dimensions Cayley’s formula for the number of trees onn labelled vertices. Its proof is based on a generalization of the matrix tree theorem.     

Entropy bounds and second cohomology

When X is a finite complex and p₁X\pi_{1}X acts on \mathbbR²{\mathbb{R}}^2 by translations we give criteria involving H²X for an equivariant map F : [(X)\tilde] ? \mathbbR²F : \tilde{X} \rightarrow {\mathbb{R}}^2 to be onto. Following work of Manning and Shub, this leads to entropy bounds related to Shub’s entropy conjecture.     

On minimum and maximum spanning trees of linearly moving points

In this paper we investigate the upper bounds on the numbers of transitions of minimum and maximum spanning trees (MinST and MaxST for short) for linearly moving points. Here, a transition means a change on the combinatorial structure of the spanning trees. Suppose that we are given a set ofn points ind-dimensional space,S={p ₁,p ₂, ...p _n }, and that all points move along different straight lines at different but fixed speeds, i.e., the position ofp _i is a linear function of a real parametert. We investigate the numbers of transitions of MinST and MaxST whent increases from-∞ to +∞. We assume that the dimensiond is a fixed constant. Since there areO(n ²) distances amongn points, there are naivelyO(n ⁴) transitions of MinST and MaxST. We improve these trivial upper bounds forL ₁ andL _∞ distance metrics. Letk _p (n) (resp. ) be the number of maximum possible transitions of MinST (resp. MaxST) inL _p metric forn linearly moving points. We give the following results in this paper: κ₁(n)=O(n ^5/2 α(n)),κ _∞(n)=O(n ^5/2 α(n)), , and where α(n) is the inverse Ackermann's function. We also investigate two restricted cases, i.e., thec-oriented case in which there are onlyc distinct velocity vectors for movingn points, and the case in which onlyk points move.     

Intersection properties of boxes. Part I: An upper-bound theorem

LetP be a family ofn boxes inR ^d (with edges parallel to the coordinate axes). Fork=0, 1, 2, …, denote byf _k (P) the number of subfamilies ofP of sizek+1 with non-empty intersection. We show that iff _r (P)=0 for somer≦n, then where thef _k (n, d, r) are ceg196rtain definite numbers defined by (3.4) below. The result is best possible for eachk. Fork=1 it was conjectured by G. Kalai (Israel J. Math.48 (1984), 161–174). As an application, we prove a ‘fractional’ Helly theorem for families of boxes inR ^d .     

Hankel-Schur multipliers and multipliers of the space H1

In this paper there is given a sufficient condition for a Hankel matrix _F to belong to the space of Schur multipliers of all bounded operators in ² (or, what is the same, to the tensor algebra V²). It is shown that ifw is a nonnegative function on T, such that is a sequence of integers, {F_i}_j1 is a sequence of polynomials,) and, then _FV². It follows from this that under these conditions F is a multiplier of the space H¹, i.e.,.Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 135, pp. 113–119, 1984     

Sul contatto di terz’ordine di due superficie algebriche lungo curve

Sunto Si dànno delle condizioni necessarie affinchè due superficie algebriche F, G d’una V ₃ algebrica non singolare possano presentare contatto d’ordine assegnato q −1 lungo una curva priva di punti multipli. Si approfondisce sopratuito il caso q=3, con applicazione al problema di determinare le superficie algebriche G_n di S ₃ che presentano contatto del 3^o ordine lungo una ⁿ con una superficie quartica F ₄ .     

Inductive definitions,models of comprehension and invariant definability

The connections between inductive definability and models of comprehension are studied. Let = 〈A, R _l, ...,R _n 〉 be an infinite structure and letI _φ be a set inductively defined by a formulaφ of the second order language . We prove that if is a model of Δ ₁ ¹ -Comprehension relativized toφ, andφ is -absolute, then for everyη smaller than the height of (h( )),I _φ is in . If is aβ-structure which satisfies Σ ₁ ¹ -Comprehension relativized toφ and WF(X), and φ is -absolute, thenI _φ is in and ‖φ| <h ( ). These results imply that Barwise-Grilliot theorem is false in the case of uncountable acceptable structures. We also study the notion of invariant definability over models₁ of Δ ₁ ¹ -Comprehension. This paper is registered as Report ZW 69/76 of the Mathematical Centre.     

On the comparison theorem for étale cohomology of non-Archimedean analytic spaces

Let ϕ:Y →X be a morphism of finite type between schemes of locally finite type over a non-Archimedean fieldk, and letF be an étale constructible sheaf onY. In [Ber2] we proved that if the torsion orders ofF are prime to the characteristic of the residue field ofk then the canonical homomorphisms (R ^Q ϱ*F)^an →R ^q ϱ _* ^an F ^an are isomorphisms. In this paper we extend the above result to the class of sheavesF with torsion orders prime to the characteristic ofk.     

Finite projective spaces and intersecting hypergraphs

Let ? be a family ofk-subsets on ann-setX andc be a real number 0 <c<1. Suppose that anyt members of ? have a common element (t ≧ 2) and every element ofX is contained in at mostc|?| members of ?. One of the results in this paper is (Theorem 2.9): If $$c = {{(q^{t - 1} + ... + q + 1)} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{(q^{t - 1} + ... + q + 1)} {(q^t + ... + q + 1)}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {(q^t + ... + q + 1)}}$$ . whereq is a prime power andn is sufficiently large, (n >n (k, c)) then The corresponding lower bound is given by the following construction. LetY be a (q ^t + ... +q + 1)-subset ofX andH ₁,H ₂, ...,H _|Y| the hyperplanes of thet-dimensional projective space of orderq onY. Let ? consist of thosek-subsets which intersectY in a hyperplane, i.e., ?={F∈( _k ^X ): there exists ani, 1≦i≦|Y|, such thatY∩F=H _i }.     

Symmetric centres of braided monoidal categories

This paper introduces the concept of ‘symmetric centres’ of braided monoidal categories. LetH be a Hopf algebra with bijective antipode over a fieldk. We address the symmetric centre of the Yetter-Drinfel’d module category: and show that a left Yetter-Drinfel’d moduleM belongs to the symmetric centre of and only ifM is trivial. We also study the symmetric centres of categories of representations of quasitriangular Hopf algebras and give a sufficient and necessary condition for the braid of, _Hℳ to induce the braid of , or equivalently, the braid of , whereA is a quantum commutativeH-module algebra     

The cup product of Hilbert schemes for K3 surfaces

To any graded Frobenius algebra A we associate a sequence of graded Frobenius algebras A ^[n] so that there is canonical isomorphism of rings (H ^*(X;ℚ)[2]) ^[n] ≅H ^*(X ^[n] ;ℚ)[2n] for the Hilbert scheme X ^[n] of generalised n-tuples of any smooth projective surface X with numerically trivial canonical bundle. Oblatum 25-I-2001 & 18-IX-2002?Published online: 24 February 2003     

Farrell cohomology and Brown theorems for profinite groups

LetG be a profinite group which has an open subgroupH such that the cohomologicalp-dimensiond≔cd_p(H) is finite (p is a fixed prime). The main result of this paper expresses thep-primary part of high degree cohomology ofG in terms of the elementary abelianp-subgroups ofG: From the latter one constructs a natural profinite simplicial setA G, on whichG acts by conjugation. ThenH ⁿ(G,M)≅H _G ⁿ (AG,M) holds forn≧d+r and everyp-primary discreteG-moduleM (r≔p-rank ofG). If one uses profinite Farrell cohomology, which is introduced in this paper, the analogous fact holds in all degrees. These results are the profinite analogues of theorems by K.S. Brown for discrete groups.     

A rigidity result for highest order local cohomology modules

Let M be a finitely generated faithful module over a noetherian ring R of dimension d < ￥ \infty and let \mathfrak a \subseteqq R {\mathfrak a} \subseteqq R be an ideal. We describe the (finite) set Supp_R(H_{\mathfrak a}^d (M)) = Ass_R(H_{\mathfrak a}^d (M)) \textrm{Supp}_R(H_{\mathfrak a}^d (M)) = \textrm{Ass}_R(H_{\mathfrak a}^d (M)) of primes associated to the highest local cohomology module H_{\mathfrak a}^d (M) H_{\mathfrak a}^d (M) in terms of the local formal behaviour of \mathfrak a {\mathfrak a} . If R is integral and of finite type over a field, Supp_R(H_{\mathfrak a}^d (M)) \textrm{Supp}_R(H_{\mathfrak a}^d (M)) is the set of those closed points of X = Spec(R) whose fibre under the normalization morphism n: X￠? X \nu : X' \rightarrow X contains points which are isolated in n^-1(Spec(R/\mathfrak a)) \nu^{-1}(\textrm{Spec}(R/{\mathfrak a})) .     

Embeddings of Sobolev spaces on unbounded domains

Summary Piecewise polynomial and Fourier approximation of functions in the Sobolev spaces on unbounded domains Θ ⊂ Rⁿ are applied to the study of the type of compact embeddings into appropriate Lebesgue and Orlicz spaces. It is shown that if Θ and s satisfy certain conditions, the embeddings , m/n+1/q−1/p>0 and , Φ being an Orlicz function subordinate to both φ(t)=|t|^p exp |t|^n/(n−m) and Φ^σ(t)=exp |t|^σ−1, σ ⩾ 1, m/n>1/p, are of type l^s. One result dealing with multiplications maps from into L^q(Θ) is also obtained. Entrata in Redazione il 14 ottobre 1976.     

Bounding the piercing number

It is shown that for everyk and everyp≥q≥d+1 there is ac=c(k,p,q,d)<∞ such that the following holds. For every familyℋ whose members are unions of at mostk compact convex sets inR ^d in which any set ofp members of the family contains a subset of cardinalityq with a nonempty intersection there is a set of at mostc points inR ^d that intersects each member ofℋ. It is also shown that for everyp≥q≥d+1 there is aC=C(p,q,d)<∞ such that, for every family of compact, convex sets inR ^d so that among andp of them someq have a common hyperplane transversal, there is a set of at mostC hyperplanes that together meet all the members of . This research was supported in part by a United States-Israel BSF Grant and by the Fund for Basic Research administered by the Israel Academy of Sciences.     

Residues of higher order and holomorphic vector fields

LetX ₁ andX ₂ be two holomorphic vector fields on a manifoldV with complex dimensionp. Assume that they have the same singular set . For all , it is known (after Chern-Bott) that each of the vector fields defines a residual characteristic classC ₁(V,X ₁)(resp.C ₁(V,X ₂)) inH ^2p (V, V-), which is a lift of the usual characteristic classC ₁ (V) of the tangent bundle. The differenceC ₁ (V,X ₂)-C ₁ (V,X ₁) belongs then to the image of in the exact sequence. In fact, there exists a canonical liftC ₁ (V,X ₁,X ₂) of this difference inH ^2p–1(V-): we will call itthe residual class of order 2 (associated toI, X ₁ andX ₂). This class is localized near the points whereX ₁ andX ₂ are colinear: we will explain this precisely in terms of Grothendieck residues. The formula that we obtain can be interpreted as a generalization of the purely algebraic identity, obtained from the general one as a byproduct: where ( ₁, , _p) and ( ₁,, _p ) denote two families of non-zero complex numbers, such that all denominators in this formula do not vanish. (This identity corresponds in fact to the case whereX ₁ andX ₂ are non-degenerate at the same isolated singular point.)If the _i 's (1ip) depend now differentiably (resp. holomorphically) on a real (resp. complex) parametert then, denoting by the derivative with respect tot, and assuming all numbers lying in a denominator not to be 0, we can deduce from the above identity the following derivation formula:     

Extended dyer-lashof algebras and modular coinvariants

Given an increasing sequence of integersN=(0,n ₁,n ₂,...), a functorG _N is constructed from the category of based spaces of the homotopy type ofCW compleces and based maps to a subcategory of in analogy to May's approximation modelC. A family of homology operationsRN is associated toG _N and its algebraic structure is described in terms of modular coinvariants of parabolic subgroups.