基于光相干外差检测的布里渊散射DOFS的研究

对布里渊散射分布式光纤传感器(DOFS)检测原理进行了分析, 针对布里渊散射光信号的特点, 应用光相干和外差技术来检测布里渊散射光信号. 具体采用微波电光调制产生频率可调的参考光, 和布里渊散射光进行相干检测, 根据布里渊频移特性取出布里渊散射光信号, 从而得到分布式传感信号. 分别实现了25 km光纤的分布式温度和应变传感, 达到3℃的温度分辨率、100 με的应变分辨率和10 m的空间分辨率.     

调Q激光光折变自适应光外差探测技术研究

基于光折变晶体中自泵浦与互泵浦相位共轭共存效应,利用新型光折变自适应光外差探测系统进行了调Q脉冲激光的光折变自适应光外差探测技术研究.结果表明,该系统可以用来实现单纵模调Q脉冲激光的自适应光外差探测,并可以通过提高本振光强度有效地提高外差探测灵敏度.进一步的实验和理论分析表明,对于一般的调Q脉冲激光,由于其各个纵模频谱分量之间不相关,难于实现光外差探测.     

Investigation of glass panels thickness profile by all-fiber digital heterodyne interferometry

All-fiber digital heterodyne interferometry is a laser metrology technique employing pseudo-random codes phase modulated onto an optical carrier signal. In this heterodyne interferometer system, the optical signal includes signal reflected and transmitted from the sample, respectively. Compared with the conventional heterodyne interferometry, this enhanced optical system has much higher measurement sensitivity, and can distinguish the signal which reflected from the front and the rear surface of the sample. Analysis and simulation for the digital heterodyne interferometry are presented. It takes approximately 4 s to scan the whole surface with the diameter of 300 mm. The thickness profile of the sample is obtained in the experiment. The discussion about the experiment is given finally.     

共光路外差干涉法精密测量光学表面

报道了光学外差法测量表面起伏精度及横向分辨精度达到０．１１ｎｍ及４μｍ。本文采用的是完全共光路外差干涉系统，阐述了它的原理、构造及噪声的影响，并将测量结果与其它商品仪器测量结果作了比较。     

Analysis of laser source nonlinearity due to longitudinal mode-hopping

The nonlinearity of a frequency-ramped single-mode laser source to be used in optical heterodyne interferometry has been investigated. The analysis is based on mode-hopping due to variation in injection current, temperature and mismatch reflections.     

希尔伯特变换处理的布里渊散射DOFS的研究

光时域反射结构的布里渊散射分布式光纤传感器所检测的自发布里渊散射光信号非常微弱,且频带宽度在几十兆赫以上,难以应用普通相干解调方法,提出了基于希尔伯特变换的光相干检测方法,具体采用微波电光调制产生频移参考光和自发布里渊散射光进行相干检测得到光电信号,再应用基于希尔伯特变换的数字信号处理技术对光电信号进行幅度解调,得到了信噪比改善的布里渊散射光谱,从而有利于提高传感器的检测性能,     

光外差调制法提高全光纤低相干传感器的灵敏度

本文提出的光外差调制法用于提高空间解调低相干光纤传感器峰顶位置的分辨率,由此提高系统的测量灵敏度.未采用光外差调制法前的杨氏空间解调低相干光纤位移传感器的测量灵敏度为0.12μm;而采用后可达0.033μm.     

Gaussian optical design of a submillimeter-wave and far-infrared laser sideband heterodyne spectrometer

A submillimeter-wave/far-infrared (SMM/FIR) laser sideband heterodyne spectrometer has been built for molecular rotational spectroscopy application in the frequency range of 600–3000 GHz. Based on Gaussian optics, optical system of the spectrometer is designed to be quasi-achromatic and low losses. In this article the optical design and the performance of the spectrometer are presented.     

Three-beam heterodyne interferometer

The heterodyne technique has been applied to three-beam interference, and three interferometer arrangements are discussed. These arrangements are suitable for electronic measurement of optical phase. A three-beam heterodyne interferometer is demonstrated.     

一种探测光纤BSBS温敏效应的新方法

一种探测光纤ＢＳＢＳ温敏效应的新方法黄民双（长沙铁道学院长沙４１００７５）刘邦群（武汉大学物理学系武汉４３００７２）ＡＮｅｗＤｅｔｅｃｔｉｏｎＭｅｔｈｏｄｏｆＯｐｔｉｃａｌＦｉｂｅｒＴｈｅｒｍａｌｙＳｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｅＥｆｅｃｔｕｓｉｎｇＢＳＢＳＡｂｓ...     

Studies of phase characteristics of various photon echoes with a phase sensitive detection method

Various optical coherent transient signals in ruby have been examined by using an optical phase sensitive detection (PSD) technique. The PSD is performed by comparing the phase of the heterodyne beat signals obtained by the Stark switching technique with that of a local oscillator whose frequency is equal to the heterodyne beat frequency. The optical FID, two-pulse photon echoes, radiation locked echoes and notched echoes have been detected as υ-mode signals with small u-mode signals probably due to the asymmetry of the inhomogeneous broadening. The dependence of the phase of the radiation locked and notched echoes upon the driving pulses is also examined. The experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions based on Bloch equations.     

超外差干涉绝对距离测量研究综述

近几年来，基于多波长干涉理论的绝对距离测量技术取得了很大的进展。其中，超外差绝对距离干涉测量可以克服光学元件引起的模耦合误差，这是普通的外差干涉测量所不能避免的。超外差测量还能够实现合成波长相位的实时检测。本文简要介绍了多波长干涉测量（也叫小数重合法）的基本原理，论述和分析了超外差干涉测量的原理，指出了超外差测量的优点。最后，对超外差测量的方案进行了综述，并指出了它们在实际测量中的特点。     

Application of the Raman heterodyne technique for the detection of EPR and ENDOR

Raman heterodyne detection is a coherent optical-RF double resonance technique where the optical and RF fields induce coherence within a three level system and a resultant Raman field is measured using heterodyne detection. This approach has been used previously to detect NMR and more recently EPR. In this paper the parameters that affect the amplitude and signal to noise ratio of the Raman heterodyne signals are considered. The power levels in relation to the oscillator strength and dephasing times, the amplitude and spectrum of the laser frequency jitter in relation to the optical homogeneous linewidths and holeburning rates, and the sample properties such as absorption strength and optical quality, are all factors that affect the Raman signal. The presentation is focused on the Raman heterodyne detected EPR of the nitrogen-vacancy pair centre in diamond making comparisons with Raman heterodyne detected NMR signals obtained for rare earth ion systems. RF-RF double resonance studies, RF holeburning and ENDOR, which give information about the hyperfine levels are also reported for the nitrogen-vacancy centre. The resonance frequencies are in agreement with those predicted from the spin Hamiltonian. The factors affecting the lineshapes and relative intensities of the double resonance signals are discussed.     

用于位移精密测量的光外差马赫-泽德干涉仪

本文介绍了我们研制的用于位移精密测量的光外差马赫－泽德干涉仪。由于在光路设计中采用了共光路的布置，共模抑制技术得以实现，环境干扰产生的噪声得到很好的消除，相位检测的稳定性和精度大大提高。使用该干涉仪测量了一台在光学相移器内ＰＺＴ微位移驱动装置的电压－位移关系。测量结果具有良好的线性和重复性，与预期相符。根据测量数据分析，该光外差干涉仪具有３ｎｍ的位移测量精度。     

Heterodyne detection of multiply scattered monochromatic light with a multipixel detector

A new technique is presented for measuring the spectral broadening of light that has been multiply scattered from scatterers in motion. In our method the scattered light is detected by a heterodyne receiver that uses a CCD as a multipixel detector. We obtain the frequency spectrum of the scattered light by sweeping the heterodyne local oscillator frequency. Our detection scheme combines a high optical etendue (product of the surface by the detection solid angle) with an optimal detection of the scattered photons (shot noise). Using this technique, we measure, in vivo, the frequency spectrum of the light scattered through the breast of a female volunteer.     

Frequency modulation (FM) spectroscopy

Frequency modulation (FM) spectroscopy is a new method of optical heterodyne spectroscopy capable of sensitive and rapid measurement of the absorption or dispersion associated with narrow spectral features. The absorption or dispersion is measured by detecting the heterodyne beat signal that occurs when the FM optical spectrum of the probe wave is distorted by the spectral feature of interest. A short historical perspective and survey of the FM spectroscopy work performed to date is presented. Expressions describing the nature of the beat signal are derived. Theoretical lineshapes for a variety of experimental conditions are given. A signal-to-noise analysis is carried out to determine the ultimate sensitivity limits.     

微波电光调制的布里渊散射分布式光纤传感技术

在分析布里渊散射分布式光纤传感器检测原理的基础上,针对布里渊散射光信号比较微弱且和瑞利散射光之间存在频移的特点,采用微波电光调制产生频率可调的参考光,和后向布里渊散射光进行相干检测,得到放大的布里渊散射光信号,再用高速模拟数字转换和存储叠加进行时序信号处理,最后得到分布式传感信号。给出了各部分实验过程和结果,得出与理论分析一致的布里渊散射光频谱和光强随温度升高而产生变化。实现了25km的分布式温度传感,初步实验结果证明了方案的可行性。     

A novel method to measure the cell gap and pretilt angle of a reflective liquid crystal display

A powerful method for the phase retardation measurement of a reflective liquid crystal cell is presented. The proposed method is based on the heterodyne interferometer theory for probing cell parameters. Due to common-path optical arrangement, a fast measurement with high accuracy and sensitivity was possible. Both theoretical analysis and experimental procedures are presented. The experimental results agree well with that obtained theoretically.     

Recent developments in laser-diode interferometry

Laser-diode (LD) interferometry based on heterodyne techniques is described. The developments covered include: sinusoidal phase- modulating, distance-measuring feedback and phase-shifting interferometry. The wavelength is controlled by the laser injection current and is continuously or stepwise changed to introduce a time-varying phase difference between the two beams of an interferometer with unbalanced optical path lengths. A feedback interferometer is described with electronics to stabilize the phase shift and to lock the interferometer on a preset phase condition by controlling the injection current of the LD. An automated phase-measuring interferometric system is developed in which the laser current is changed to synchronize intensity data acquisition with the clocks of a charge-coupled device. A typical experimental result shows measurements of the profile of a diamond- turned Al surface.     

Effects of quantum confined stark effect and well thickness on optical properties of double quantum wells violet InGaN laser diodes

The effects of quantum confined stark effect (QCSE) and quantum well (QW) thickness on the optical properties of violet InGaN laser diodes (LDs) have numerically been investigated. The simulation results indicated that the QCSE greatly effects the optical properties of LDs, where QCSE relates to the QW thickness and it increases when the QW thickness is wider which leads to deteriorating of the optical proprieties of the violet InGaN LD. The polarization in the active region of the InGaN LD has been estimated by the blue shift of the wavelength and it is found that the blue shift of the wavelength depends on the QW thickness. The major simulation result has shown that the best properties of violet InGaN LD can be obtained with smaller QW thickness, where more carriers can be restricted, stayed and overlapped inside the QW which leads to a larger stimulated recombination rate and optical material gain which in turn increase the output power of the LD; while decreasing the threshold current of the LD.