An extremal problem for real algebraic polynomials

Let G _n be the set of all real algebraic polynomials of degree at most n, positive on the interval (?1, 1) and without zeros inside the unit circle (|z| < 1). In this paper an inequality for the polynomials from the set G _n is obtained. In one special case this inequality is reduced to the inequality given by B. Sendov [5] and in another special case it is reduced to an inequality between uniform norm and norm in the L ₂ space for the Jacobi weight.     

An extremal problem for polynomials

We give a solution to an extremal problem for polynomials, which asks for complex numbers α₀,…,α_n${\alpha }_0,\dots ,{\alpha }_n$ of unit magnitude that minimise the largest supremum norm on the unit circle for all polynomials of degree n whose k  -th coefficient is either α_k${\alpha }_k$ or −α_k$-{\alpha }_k$.     

An extremal problem for trigonometric polynomials

Let be a trigonometric polynomial of degree The problem of finding the largest value for in the inequality is studied. We find exactly provided is the conjugate of an even integer and For general we get an interval estimate for where the interval length tends to as tends to

     

An extremal problem for algebraic polynomials with zero mean value on an interval

LetP _n ^O(h) be the set of algebraic polynomials of degreen with real coefficients and with zero mean value (with weighth) on the interval [?1, 1]: $$\smallint _{ - 1}^1 h(x)p_n (x) dx = 0;$$ hereh is a function which is summable, nonnegative, and nonzero on a set of positive measure on [?1, 1]. We study the problem of the least possible value $$i_n (h) = \inf \{ \mu (p_n ):p_n \in \mathcal{P}_n^0 \} $$ of the measure μ(P _n)=mes{x∈[?1,1]:P _n(x)≥0} of the set of points of the interval at which the polynomialp _n∈P _n ^O is nonnegative. We find the exact value ofi _n(h) under certain restrictions on the weighth. In particular, the Jacobi weight $$h^{(\alpha ,\beta )} (x) = (1 - x)^\alpha (1 + x)^\beta $$ satisfies these restrictions provided that ?1<α, β≤0.     

Some extremal problems for algebraic polynomials in loaded spaces

In a loaded Jacobi space with the inner product

An extremal problem for polynomials with a prescribed multiple zero

We obtain a sharp inequality for trigonometric polynomials which have a double zero at a specified point. A similar extremal problem has been studied by R.P. Boas Jr.     

An algebraic structure for Faber polynomials

Let Σ be the set of functions, convergent for all |z|>1, with a Laurent series of the form f(z)=z+∑_n?0a_nz^-n. In this paper, we prove that the set of Faber polynomial sequences over Σ and the set of their normalized kth derivative sequences form groups which are isomorphic to the hitting time subgroup and the Bell^(k) subgroup of the Riordan group, respectively. Further, a relationship between such Faber polynomial sequences and Lucas and Sheffer polynomial sequences is derived.     

An extremal problem for operators

Let A be a Banach algebra, F a compact set in the complex plane, and h a function holomorphic in some neighborhood of the set F. Thus h(a) is meaningful for each element a ε A whose spectrum σ(a) is contained in F, and it is possible to evaluate the norm |h(a)|. Problem: Compute the supremum of the norms |h(a) as a ranges over all elements of A with spectrum contained in F and whose norm does not exceed one; that is, compute sup{|h(a)|; a ε A, σ(a) ⊂ F, |a| ⩽ 1}. This problem was first formulated and treated by the author in the particular case where A is the algebra of all linear operators on a finite-dimensional Hilbert space and F is the disc {z; |z| ⩽ r} for a given positive number r<1. The paper discusses motivation, connections with complex function theory, convergence of iterative processes, critical exponents, and the infinite companion matrix.     

An extremal property of Hermite polynomials

Let H_n be the nth Hermite polynomial, i.e., the nth orthogonal on polynomial with respect to the weight w(x)=exp(−x²). We prove the following: If f is an arbitrary polynomial of degree at most n, such that |f||H_n| at the zeros of H_n+1, then for k=1,…,n we have f^(k)H_n^(k), where · is the norm. This result can be viewed as an inequality of the Duffin and Schaeffer type. As corollaries, we obtain a Markov-type inequality in the norm, and estimates for the expansion coefficients in the basis of Hermite polynomials.     

An extremal property of Fekete polynomials

The Fekete polynomials are defined as

where is the Legendre symbol. These polynomials arise in a number of contexts in analysis and number theory. For example, after cyclic permutation they provide sequences with smallest known norm out of the polynomials with coefficients.

The main purpose of this paper is to prove the following extremal property that characterizes the Fekete polynomials by their size at roots of unity.

Theorem 0.1. Let with odd and . If

then must be an odd prime and is . Here

This result also gives a partial answer to a problem of Harvey Cohn on character sums.

     

Certain extremal problem in a measure space

Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 19–28, October, 1990.