Study on the method of controlling chaos in an Er-doped fiber dual-ring laser via external optical injection and shifting optical feedback light

Controlling chaos in an erbium-doped fiber dual-ring laser is studied by injecting an external light and shifting the phase of an optical feedback light. First, the parameters of the externally injected optical signal are adjusted to bring the chaotic laser into a single-period state and a multiperiod state, respectively. In addition, the single-mode locking in a single ring of the laser as well as the dual-mode locking in dual ring of the laser are found. Secondly, the method of optical feedback is used to stabilize chaos by controlling the parameters of the optical devices in an external optical path. We show that the optical negative feedback can stabilize the chaotic laser into a single-period state, while the optical positive feedback can stabilize the chaotic laser into another single-period state and a period-doubling state. Lastly, various dynamical states are produced in the laser by shifting the phase of the optical feedback light.     

Feedback Induced Instability and Chaos in Semiconductor Lasers and Their Applications

Semiconductor laser with feedback is an excellent model for nonlinear optical system which shows chaotic dynamics. It is interesting not only from the fundamental physical study but also application standpoints of view. The dynamics of feedback induced instability and chaos, especially for optical feedback, and their applications are reviewed in this paper. The model of such a system is described by the laser rate equations. At first the dynamic behaviors of feedback induced instability and chaos in semiconductor lasers are discussed on the basis of the theory and experiments. Instability and chaos may be stabilized by the method of chaos control. Then we apply the method to suppress the noise induced by the feedback in a semiconductor laser. The synchronization of chaos between two similar systems is also an important issue in chaos applications and we discuss secure communications based on chaos synchronization. Some other examples of applications of feedback induced chaos are also described.     

Acousto-optic laser optical feedback imaging

We present a photon noise and diffraction-limited imaging method combining an imaging laser and ultrasonic waves. The laser optical feedback imaging (LOFI) technique is an ultrasensitive imaging method for imaging objects through or embedded within a scattering medium. However, LOFI performances are dramatically limited by parasitic optical feedback occurring in the experimental setup. In this Letter, we have tagged the ballistic photons by an acousto-optic effect in order to filter the parasitic feedback effect and to reach the theoretical and ultimate sensitivity of the LOFI technique. We present the principle and the experimental setup of the acousto-optic laser optical feedback imaging technique, and we demonstrate the suppression of the parasitic feedback.     

半导体激光器混沌输出的延时特征和带宽

外腔延时特征和带宽是影响混沌激光应用的两个重要参量.本文将一个单路光反馈的半导体激光器输出的激光部分地注入到另一个双路滤波光反馈的半导体激光器中,从而构成一个具有外光注入的双路滤波光反馈半导体激光器系统,即主从激光器系统,用于抑制混沌激光的延时特征并研究其带宽.数值研究了外光注入系数、反馈强度、抽运因子和滤波器带宽对系统输出混沌激光的延时特征的影响,然后将该系统对延时特征的抑制效果和具有外光注入的单路光反馈半导体激光器系统、具有外光注入的双路光反馈半导体激光器系统、具有外光注入的单路滤波光反馈半导体激光器系统以及无光注入双路滤波光反馈半导体激光器系统进行对比和分析,结果表明本文提出的方案对延时特征的抑制效果最好.然后在本文提出的具有外光注入的双路滤波光反馈半导体激光器系统中,延时特征被有效抑制的参数条件下研究系统输出混沌激光的带宽,结果表明,通过适当选择参数的取值,本文提出的方案可以提高系统输出混沌激光的带宽.     

Enhancing the relaxation oscillation frequency of a chaotic semiconductor laser transmitter using optical dual-feedback light

A method to enhance the relaxation oscillation frequency and carrier bandwidth of a delayed feedback semiconductor laser transmitter is presented using additive optical feedback light. A formula for frequency detuning of the optical dual-feedback is developed to demonstrate that frequency detuning is added with the additive optical feedback light level. The function of the relaxation oscillation frequency of the chaotic laser is theoretically determined to show that it can be broadened by including the delay time and feedback level. Numerical results demonstrate that the bandwidth with the additive optical feedback light can be enhanced 1.7 times more than the bandwidth without it and the relaxation oscillation frequency of the chaotic laser is increased to 1.8 times more than that of the laser without it. The current can enhance the relaxation oscillation frequency and bandwidth of the transmitter more efficiently.     

Method to identify time delay of chaotic semiconductor laser with optical feedback

We propose a power spectrum analysis method to directly identify the time delay of a chaotic semiconductorlaser with optical feedback. By measuring the radio frequency (RF) power spectrum of the chaotic laserand performing an inverse Fourier transform, we can easily unveil all the time delay signatures, regardless ofwhether the chaotic output is induced by single or multiple feedback. This method successfully retrieves thetwo time delay signatures from the power spectrum of a semiconductor laser with double-cavity feedback.     

双反馈半导体激光器的混沌特性研究

实验利用双反馈半导体激光器获得了关联维数为3.8的高维混沌光.同时对比分析了双反馈与单反馈两种不同模式产生混沌的区别.结果表明：在反馈强度均为-26 dB时,双反馈产生混沌的关联维数高于单反馈产生混沌的关联维数2.6;双反馈可获得带宽为11 GHz的混沌光,为单反馈产生混沌带宽5.5 GHz的两倍.当双反馈的两个外腔长度不相等时,混沌的自相关曲线能很好的隐藏外腔长度信息,可提高混沌通信的保密性. 关键词： 双反馈 半导体激光器 混沌 带宽     

利用可调谐的混沌Fabry-Perot激光器实现波分复用无源光网络的断点检测

波分复用无源光网络具有支路多、节点密的特征,为精确定位各支路的断点,提出了一种基于可调谐混沌Fabry-Perot激光器的检测方法.将光反馈多纵模Fabry-Perot半导体激光器作为混沌光源,在改变反馈光光波模式的条件下输出波长可调谐的混沌激光.以探测光的波长标记各被测支路,将探测信号和携带延时信息的回波信号进行互相关运算,根据相关曲线峰值的位置即可完成定位.分析了可调谐混沌源的特性,并以1×4的波分复用无源光网络为例,进行了初步的实验验证,结果表明该方法可以精确定位光网络支路中连接点及断点的位置,空间分辨率达4 cm,且与探测距离无关.     

1550nm-VCSELs在偏振保持光反馈和正交光注入下的偏振转换特性

基于自旋反转模型,研究了1550 nm垂直腔面发射激光器(1550 nm-VCSELs)在偏振保持光反馈和正交光注入下的偏振转换特性.结果表明:正交光注入下的从激光器会随着注入强度的增加产生偏振转换.在归一化注入电流较小时,改变反馈强度,会使从激光器发生偏振转换的注入强度出现规律不同的变化;改变频率失谐,会使从激光器发生偏振转换的注入强度出现规律相同的变化.     

漂移量反馈控制式激光准直方法

提出一种集光纤准直与光束漂移量反馈控制准直技术于一体的激光光束准直方法 ,它是在单模光纤对激光器出射光束漂移量进行初级准直的基础上 ,进一步对光束的漂移量进行反馈控制 ,进而提高出射光束的方向稳定性。准直系统中利用漂移量分离光路和光电检测系统对光束的平漂量和角漂量进行了分离检测 ,并各自构成相应的光束空间平漂量反馈控制系统和光束空间角漂量反馈控制系统 ,减小了平漂量和角漂量反馈控制中的相互耦合。引入单模光纤使激光器与光束漂移量反馈控制准直系统相隔离 ,减小了激光管热源温度变化等因素对准直系统的影响 ,同时还便于准直系统使用中的安装布置。上述方法的应用 ,提高了准直精度及准直效率。实验表明目前该方法准直精度可达 0 .7× 10 -7rad。     

Laser diode interferometer used for measuring displacements in large range with a nanometer accuracy

In this paper, the displacement of an object is measured with a photothermal phase-modulating laser diode interferometer. A feedback control system is designed to reduce the measurement errors caused by the fluctuations in the optical wavelength of the laser diode and the vibrations of the optical components in the interferometer. A new method is proposed to enlarge the measuring range of displacement. Using this method, the measuring range is enlarged from half wavelength to nearly 125 μm and the measurement accuracy is about 1 nm. The simulation and experimental results have shown the usefulness of the method and the feedback control system.     

双环掺铒光纤激光器混沌控制产生周期脉冲及多周期现象研究

研究了双环掺铒光纤激光器混沌控制产生周期脉冲以及多周期现象,并提出了光调制器调制泵浦控制、外部光注入控制、光衰减器控制、光延时时间控制器控制以及相位控制器控制和连续键控反馈光等多种双环掺铒光纤激光器的混沌控制方法.结果表明:用光调制器调制泵浦光能控制激光到周期态及多周期态;用外部光注入能控制激光到单周期态、双周期态、三周期态、四周期态、五周期态以及多种高周期态等,能形成多种形式相空间图样,产生双环掺铒光纤激光器独特的激光单锁模拟和双锁模拟现象;用外部光路反馈控制时,在负反馈条件下,用时间控制器控制反馈光的延时时间能控制激光到不同的周期态和双周期态,用光衰减器控制光的强度能控制激光到稳定态及周期态,用相位调制器控制反馈光的相位进行负反馈和正反馈转换时能有效地控制激光进入到稳定态及周期态;连续键控反馈光相位能控制激光到多周期态等.整个控制系统能动态、有效地控制产生周期光脉冲以及多种新颖的多周期态等.     

利用可调谐的混沌Fabry-Perot激光器实现波分复用无源光网络的断点检测

波分复用无源光网络具有支路多、节点密的特征,为精确定位各支路的断点,提出了一种基于可调谐混沌Fabry-Perot激光器的检测方法.将光反馈多纵模Fabry-Perot半导体激光器作为混沌光源,在改变反馈光光波模式的条件下输出波长可调谐的混沌激光.以探测光的波长标记各被测支路,将探测信号和携带延时信息的回波信号进行互相关运算,根据相关曲线峰值的位置即可完成定位.分析了可调谐混沌源的特性,并以1×4的波分复用无源光网络为例,进行了初步的实验验证,结果表明该方法可以精确定位光网络支路中连接点及断点的位置,空间分辨率达4 cm,且与探测距离无关.     

High-frequency optical signal generation in a semiconductor laser by incoherent optical feedback

This work examines the feasibility of using incoherent optical feedback to generate high-frequency optical signals in a semiconductor laser. At a roundtrip feedback distance of 30 cm, a signal appears at around 1 GHz while the laser output is kept in single longitudinal mode and single polarization. The proposed method does not use any external modulation or saturable absorber. Some of the signal's properties are discussed as well.     

Frequency-stable and ultranarrow-linewidth semiconductor laser locked directly to an atomic-cesium transition

We describe a new method for semiconductor laser FM noise reduction. A Doppler-free Faraday resonance in Cs vapor provided optical feedback, and FM sideband saturation spectroscopy in a second Cs cell provided electronic feedback. The combined optical and electronic feedback allowed us to reduce the low-frequency FM noise power by more than 6 orders of magnitude, which resulted in a sub-100-Hz-linewidth semiconductor laser locked directly to an atomic transition frequency.     

相干长度可连续调谐的半导体激光器

实验利用光反馈的方法获得了相干长度连续可调的半导体激光光源.通过调节反馈强度及抽运电流,有效控制了光反馈半导体激光器的相干长度.其相干长度可由无反馈时的几米连续调至100 μm.同时,利用光反馈半导体激光器速率方程,数值模拟了反馈强度及抽运电流对半导体激光器相干长度的影响.实验及数值模拟均表明：通过调节反馈强度的大小可以有效控制半导体激光器的相干长度,光反馈半导体激光器的相干长度随反馈强度的增大而减小,而偏置电流对相干长度无明显影响.模拟结果与实验结果符合. 关键词： 光反馈半导体激光器 相干长度 反馈 混沌     

半导体激光器输出混沌光的延时特性和带宽

提出一个新的方案用于抑制半导体激光器输出混沌光的延时特性并研究其带宽.在该方案中,将由伪随机信号驱动的相位调制器加到具有双路光反馈的半导体激光器的两个反馈腔中,从而构成具有双路相位调制光反馈的分布反馈半导体激光器系统.数值研究了延迟时间和反馈系数等参数对该系统输出混沌光的延时特性的影响,用自相关函数曲线中的延时特征峰的最大值表示延时特性.然后将该系统对延时特性的抑制效果和具有双路光反馈的分布反馈半导体激光器系统以及具有单路相位调制光反馈的分布反馈半导体激光器系统进行比较,结果表明本文所提出方案的抑制效果最好.进而基于能有效抑制延时特性的参数条件研究了具有双路相位调制光反馈的分布反馈半导体激光器输出混沌光的带宽,结果表明,抽运因子的增大和反馈系数的增加都能使系统输出混沌光的带宽变大.     

基于激光二极管光反馈效应的肌肉震颤测量系统

介绍一种测量肌肉震颤频率和幅度的无损伤、非接触光学方法。分析了在直接频率调制下 ,激光二极管中的光反馈效应 ,探讨了振动微小位移和速度的理论模型。设计并研制了一套基于光反馈效应的直接频率调制激光二极管光电探测系统。利用该系统对微弱机械振动信号进行了探测 ,表明该系统能用于肌肉震颤的测量。最后介绍了人体前臂内侧屈肌群紧张收缩时 ,肌肉震颤的光学测量结果     

Microstructure measurement based on frequency-shift feedback in a-cut Nd:YVO_4 laser

A new optical method based on frequency-shift feedback and laser confocal microscopy is presented to noninvasively measure a microstructure inside a sample. Due to the limit of axial resolution caused by poor signal detection ability, conventional laser feedback cannot precisely measure the microstructure. In this Letter, the light scattered by the sample is frequency shifted before feedback to the laser to obtain a magnification. Weak signals that change with the microstructure can be detected. Together with the tomography ability of laser confocal microscopy, the inner microstructure can be measured with high axial resolution.     

激光局域网络的混沌控制及并行队列同步

本文提出并研究了"单队列-双参数"光电延时反馈控制条件下的激光局域网络的混沌控制及串联的动力学行为的并行队列"交叉驱动-反馈"网络同步实现,建立了该光学局域网络的数学物理控制模型.通过含时延超越方程理论的分析,预言了该光学局域网络是可以实现混沌控制的,且网络两路结点队列是可以实现实时引导控制到多个类周期状态上的,并通过并行队列同步方程理论证明并行串联队列同步是可以获得的.结果发现在可控的激光局域网络两个并行串联队列光路上,分别实现了网络队列结点的混沌控制并能够实现多个类周期的网络结点的并行串联队列同步,实现了络网结点激光器的2周期、3周期、4周期等状态的并行队列同步,以及其他多个类周期的队列并行同步和动态同步.还发现了两个类周期并行队列网络同步控制区域.本文还给出了激光局域网络"并行多点混沌载波同步发射及其在光学超宽带通信中应用"的一个案例并成功实现.这是一种新型的激光混沌局域网络控制系统,具有光局域网络光传送与光联接核心控制技术要素,具有复杂动力学系统与网络的多变量、多空间维度及并行两路不同队列混沌控制技术特点,还具有光网络超宽带通信功能等.其研究结果对局域网络、光网络的控制与同步、激光技术以及混沌的研究具有重要的参考价值.