CeO2-MnOx催化剂形貌对低浓度甲烷催化燃烧反应性能的影响

采用水热合成法制备了船形、扁球形及纳米片CeO₂-MnO_x复合氧化物。并运用低温N₂吸脱附、XRD、SEM、TEM、H₂-TPR、拉曼光谱、XPS等表征技术对不同形貌CeO₂-MnO_x复合氧化物的结构与其低浓度CH₄催化燃烧反应性能之间的关系进行了关联。结果表明,CeO₂-MnO_x复合氧化物的形貌与其催化性能密切相关。其中,扁球形CeO₂-MnO_x复合氧化物的氧空位、Ce³⁺含量及表面吸附活性氧物种最多,其CH₄催化燃烧反应活性最高,540℃时,可将CH₄完全转化;其次是船形CeO₂-MnO_x复合氧化物催化剂,540℃时其CH₄转化率为94.05%;与前两者相比,纳米片CeO₂-MnO_x复合氧化物催化剂的氧空位及表面吸附活性氧物种较少,活性较差,相同反应温度下,其CH₄转化率仅为89.68%。     

用于苯催化燃烧的Cu-Mn-O/Ce/γ-Al_2O_3-TiO_2催化剂

采用不同的浸渍法制备了负载型催化剂Cu-Mn-O/Ce/γ-Al2O3-TiO2,应用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、低温液氮吸附(BET)、H2程序升温还原(H2-TPR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等测试技术对催化剂进行了表征。在200～500℃考察了催化剂催化燃烧较高浓度的苯(体积分数为3.6%)反应中的催化性能。结果表明,15%CuMn2Ox/Al2O3-TiO2催化剂(CuMn2Ox质量分数为15%)在300℃苯的转化率达到79%,其低温催化活性明显高于单独负载氧化铜或氧化锰的催化剂。而采用共浸渍法制备的催化剂15%CuMn2Ox-15%CeO2/Al2O3-TiO2在300℃苯的转化率达81%,其催化活性明显高于分步浸渍法制备的催化剂。CeO2的添加更利于提高共浸渍法制备的催化剂中各活性组分的分散度和相互作用。     

络合浸渍法制备Ag/Al2O3-TiO2催化剂及其催化燃烧丙烷性能

研究了制备过程中不同络合剂乙醇胺（ETA）、二乙醇胺（DTA）、三乙醇胺（TEA）及柠檬酸（CA）等对Ag/Al₂O₃-TiO₂催化剂理化性质的影响,并考察了其催化丙烷燃烧的活性。结果表明,络合浸渍法能够显著提高催化剂催化活性,其活性顺序依次为：Ag/Al₂O₃-TiO₂(IM,传统浸渍法) < Ag/Al₂O₃-TiO₂(TEA) < Ag/Al₂O₃-TiO₂(DTA) < Ag/Al₂O₃-TiO₂(ETA) < Ag/Al₂O₃-TiO₂(CA),表明CA作为络合剂效果最好。当CA与Ag的物质的量比为1:1时,催化剂的催化活性最佳。与Ag/Al-Ti(IM)催化剂相比,Ag/Al₂O₃-TiO₂催化剂的T₉₀（丙烷转化率为90%的反应温度）下降了81 ℃。由催化剂的结构分析发现,络合浸渍法制备的催化剂银物种的粒径明显变小、银的分散度提高、表面Ag⁰物种和表面吸附氧的含量增加,进而促进了丙烷催化燃烧性能的提升。      

钾改性Mn/Ce0.65Zr0.35O2催化剂催化氧化甲苯

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are both harmful to human health and the environment; however, catalytic combustion offers a promising method for VOC purification because of its high efficiency without secondary pollution. Although manganese-based catalysts have been well studied for VOC catalytic oxidation, their catalytic activity at low temperature must be improved. Alkali metals as promoters have the potential to modulate the electronic and structural properties of the catalysts, improving their catalytic activity. Herein, a Ce_0.65Zr_0.35O₂ support was prepared by co-precipitation and MnO_x/Ce_0.65Zr_0.35O₂ catalysts were obtained through the incipient-wetness impregnation method. The catalytic properties of K-modified MnO_x/Ce_0.65Zr_0.35O₂ for toluene oxidation with different molar ratios of K/Mn were investigated. In addition, the catalysts were characterized by XRD, UV/visible Raman, Hydrogen temperature program reduction (H₂-TPR), Oxygen temperature programmed desorption (O₂-TPD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and in situ diffuse reflectance FTIR spectroscopy (DRIFTS) experiments. The results showed that alkali metal doping with K significantly improved the catalytic activity. In particular, when the molar ratio of K/Mn was 0.2, the monolith catalyst Mn/Ce_0.65Zr_0.35O₂-K-0.2 exhibited the best performance with the lowest complete conversion temperature T₉₀ of 242 ℃ at a GHSV of 12000 h⁻¹. The XRD results suggested that MnO_x was uniformly distributed on the surface of the catalyst and that Mn⁴⁺ partially reduced to Mn³⁺ on the addition of K. The Raman spectrum demonstrated that with increasing K content, both the β- and α-MnO₂ phases coexisted on the Mn/Ce_0.65Zr_0.35O₂-K-0.2 catalyst, increasing the number of surface defect sites. The H₂-TPR experiment results confirmed that Mn/Ce_0.65Zr_0.35O₂-K-0.2 exhibited the lowest reduction temperature and good reducibility. From the O₂-TPD experiments, it was clear that Mn/Ce_0.65Zr_0.35O₂-K-0.2 contained the most surface adsorbed oxygen species and excellent lattice oxygen mobility, which benefitted the toluene oxidation activity. In addition, the XPS results suggested that the content of surface adsorbed oxygen species of the Mn/Ce_0.65Zr_0.35O₂-K-0.2 catalyst was the highest among all the tested samples. In addition, toluene-TPSR in N₂ as measured by in situ DRIFTs analysis demonstrated that available lattice oxygen was present in the Mn/Ce_0.65Zr_0.35O₂-K-0.2 catalyst. Therefore, the Mn/Ce_0.65Zr_0.35O₂-K-0.2 catalyst exhibited the best redox properties and oxygen mobility of the prepared samples and showed excellent activity toward toluene oxidation. Therefore, it was concluded that the addition of an appropriate amount of K improved the redox performance of the catalyst and increased the number of surface defect sites and mobility of the lattice oxygen of the catalyst as well as the concentration of the surface active oxygen species, thereby significantly improving catalytic ability.     

铈改性CuMn/Al2O3/堇青石整体催化剂的甲苯催化燃烧性能研究(英文)

本研究以堇青石为载体,采用超声浸渍法制备了一系列CuMnCe_x/Al₂O₃/堇青石整体式催化剂,同时,通过N₂吸附-脱附、XRD、SEM、EDX、H₂-TPR、O₂-TPD、XPS和EPR等方法对样品的物理、化学性质进行了系统的表征分析。实验结果表明,CuMnCe_x/Al₂O₃/堇青石整体式催化剂中的Ce含量明显影响甲苯催化燃烧性能。其中,CuMnCe₂/Al₂O₃/堇青石整体式催化剂对甲苯氧化具有最高活性,当甲苯浓度为1 g/L、空速为78000 mL/(g·h)、温度为263℃时甲苯转化率达到90%,究其原因为CeO₂在CuMnO_x上分散均匀,不仅提高了氧空位的浓度和氧物种的迁移率,还增强了催化剂的低温还原性。同时,CuMnCe₂/Al₂     

铈基复合氧化物催化碳烟燃烧的性能及其H2-TPR研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法或浸渍法制备了不同金属离子掺杂的铈基复合氧化物催化剂,并采用热重法考察其催化碳烟燃烧的活性,借助H₂-TPR(程序升温还原)手段探讨了催化剂氧化还原性对碳烟燃烧性能的影响. 结果表明,过渡金属的掺杂促使催化剂在低温下提供更多的表面氧和晶格氧,显著降低了碳烟的氧化温度,催化剂于200~400℃释放的活性氧数量对于碳烟燃烧性能提高至关重要; 而结构性助剂金属、碱金属或碱土金属的掺入可提高中温活性氧数量,虽然对碳烟起燃温度无明显改善,但加快了碳烟的燃烧速率.     

Ce0.64Mn0.13R0.23Ox催化剂催化燃烧柴油机碳烟的研究

采用共沉淀法制备一系列Ce_0.64Mn_0.13R_0.23O_x（R=La,Zr和Y）催化剂,并用低温N₂吸附-脱附（BET）、X射线衍射（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、氢气程序升温还原（H₂-TPR）和氧气程序升温脱附（O₂-TPD）等手段对催化剂进行了表征,同时考察了该系列催化剂对柴油车排放碳烟的催化燃烧性能。研究结果表明该系列催化剂均形成了具有立方萤石结构的固溶体。加入Rn+离子后,催化剂的抗老化性能有了很大的提高,其中加入La的催化剂具有最好的抗老化性能,老化后碳烟催化燃烧的Tm为319℃,适合于柴油车的排气温度,具有较好的应用前景。     

改进的MnOx-CeO2复合氧化物催化剂上甲烷低温催化燃烧

在Mn含量不变的条件下, 通过调变前驱体Mn(NO3)2与KMnO4的添加量, 以共沉淀法制备了改进的MnOx-CeO2催化剂, 采用XRD, LRS, XPS和TPR测试手段对催化剂进行了表征, 并研究了对甲烷催化燃烧的低温性能.     

有机废气净化催化剂上甲烷催化燃烧动力学研究

中国以甲烷为主要成分的煤层气资源丰富,但利用率却很低不到10%.由于未将煤矿矿井中的煤层气及时抽出,导致矿难频频发生,造成大量人员伤亡.……     

铈铁锆三元复合氧化物上碳烟的催化燃烧

采用水热法制备了纯CeO₂、Fe₂O₃和系列Ce₀.5Fe₀.5-xZr_{xO2复合氧化物催化剂,采用XRD、Raman、H2-TPR和BET等方法对其进行了表征,并利用程序升温氧化反应(TPO)技术研究了其碳烟燃烧催化性能。结果表明,Zr⁴+完全进入CeO2晶格中形成了固溶体,而Fe³+较难进入CeO2晶格中,部分Fe2O3分散在固溶体表面。固溶体形成产生的氧空位和表面高度分散的氧化铁协同作用是铈铁锆三元复合氧化物具有较高碳烟燃烧催化性能的关键。同时,与单纯的铈铁二元复合氧化物相比,Zr⁴+的掺杂明显提高了催化剂的抗老化能力,使Ce0.5Fe0.5-xZrxO2复合氧化物显示出更好的应用前景。在系列样品中,Ce0.5Fe0.30Zr0.20O2样品由于形成了最多的固溶体并具有良好分散性的表面Fe2O3,显示出最好的催化活性和稳定性。其催化碳烟的起燃温度(ti)和峰顶温度(tp)分别为251℃和310℃,长时间高温老化后其ti和tp仍较低,分别为273℃和361℃。}     

Ce_(0.64)Mn_(0.13)R_(0.23)O_x催化剂催化燃烧柴油机碳烟的研究

采用共沉淀法制备一系列Ce0.64Mn0.13R0.23Ox(R=La,Zr和Y)催化剂,并用低温N2吸附-脱附(BET)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、氢气程序升温还原(H2-TPR)和氧气程序升温脱附(O2-TPD)等手段对催化剂进行了表征,同时考察了该系列催化剂对柴油车排放碳烟的催化燃烧性能。研究结果表明该系列催化剂均形成了具有立方萤石结构的固溶体。加入Rn+离子后,催化剂的抗老化性能有了很大的提高,其中加入La的催化剂具有最好的抗老化性能,老化后碳烟催化燃烧的Tm为319℃,适合于柴油车的排气温度,具有较好的应用前景。     

介孔MgAl2O4涂层整体式氢气燃烧催化剂的制备与表征

以广义酸-碱对理论为依据,报道了一种仅利用纯无机碱和盐为原料在蜂窝陶瓷载体上制备介孔MgAl2O4涂层的方法,并通过原位酸碱反应对涂层进行CexZr1-xO2修饰和Pt的负载,成功制备出具有高催化活性的整体式氢气燃烧催化剂.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X射线衍射仪(XRD)以及N2吸/脱附分析仪表征了催化剂的微观结构.结果表明复合涂层不仅具有均匀的微晶结构,而且具有高的比表面积(>250m2·g-1)和大的孔容(0.32cm3·g-1).氢气催化燃烧反应结果显示,制备的整体式催化剂具有很高的催化活性,可以在室温下快速起燃,并且氢气的初始转化率达到95%以上.     

Mn含量对CeO2-ZrO2-MnOx催化剂甲苯氧化净化性能的影响

采用氧化还原沉淀法制备了一系列CeO_2-ZrO_2-MnO_x催化剂(CZM_X,X为Mn在催化剂总金属中的摩尔含量),探讨了Mn含量对CZM_X催化甲苯燃烧性能的影响。结果表明,CZM_(0.6)催化剂具有最好的活性,在230℃下即可实现甲苯的完全转化。XRD表征结果发现,随着锰掺杂量的增加,CZM_X催化剂结晶度先降低后增加。H_2-TPR表征结果表明,随着Mn含量的增加,Ce-Zr-Mn之间的相互作用力先增强后减弱。CZM_(0.6)结晶度最差,金属之间相互作用力最强,表面氧物种更易溢出;同时,Raman和O_2-TPD表征结果也证明CZM_(0.6)催化剂上具有较高的表面氧空位浓度,有利于催化剂表面活性氧物种的迁移,促进了甲苯的氧化。此外,通过in-situ DRIFTS对中间产物进行观测,发现苯甲酸盐是CZM_(0.6)催化剂上甲苯氧化反应的重要中间体;在O_2参与下,苯甲酸盐可迅速转化为CO_2和H_2O。     

高性能甲烷催化燃烧催化剂的制备及其在天然气催化燃烧热水器上的应用

 以镧改性的Ce-Zr-O固溶体储氧材料和钇、锆改性的氧化铝(YSZ-Al2O3)的混合物为载体,浸渍活性组分Co3O4+Fe2O3+MnO2,以蜂窝状堇青石陶瓷材料为基体,制备了甲烷催化燃烧催化剂,考察了该催化剂老化前后的活性,并将其用于强鼓式家用天然气催化燃烧热水器. 结果表明,该催化剂具有很高的活性和稳定性. 使用此催化剂的天然气催化燃烧热水器的热效率达到101.1%, 同时烟气中CO和NOx污染物的排放浓度分别为0.014%和0.003%, 该热水器具有高效节能和环境友好双重优点.     

Effect of CeO2 and CaO Promoters on Ignition Performance for Partial Oxidation of Methane over Ni/MgO-Al2O3 Catalyst

The effect of CeO2 and CaO promoters on the ignition performance over Ni/MgO-Al2O3 catalyst for the partial oxidation of methane （POM） to synthesis gas was investigated. It was found that the POM reaction could not be ignited over lwt%Ni/MgO-Al2O3 catalyst without the promoters in the temperature range from 773 K to 1073 K. CeO2 and CaO promoters enhanced the ignition performance and the POM reactivity of lwt%Ni/MgO-Al2O3 catalyst remarkably. Moreover, the improving effect became greater with the increase of the promoter content under the investigated reactiorrconditions. The modification effects of CeO2 and CaO promoters were closely related to the concentration and reducibility of the surface and bulk oxygen species.     

La2O3对CuO/CeO2水煤气变换反应催化剂微观结构及催化性能的影响（英文）

以La2O3为助剂,采用共沉淀法制备了具有良好催化活性和热稳定性的CuO/CeO2-La2O3水煤气变换反应催化剂,其中,当La2O3含量为2wt%时,催化剂的催化性能最为优异.同时运用X射线衍射、N2吸附-脱附、Raman光谱、程序升温还原等手段,研究了不同含量的La2O3对CuO/CeO2催化剂微观结构及催化性能的影响.结果表明,La2O3助剂进入了载体CeO2的晶格并对CuO/CeO2催化剂的微观结构和催化性能产生了直接影响,适量La2O3的添加可以抑制CuO和CeO2晶格的长大、增强CuO与CeO2间的相互作用、提高催化剂的比表面积、促进CeO2载体中生成更多的氧空位,CuO/CeO2催化剂的催化活性和热稳定性也明显改善.     

Pd/NiAl_2O_4催化剂上甲烷燃烧反应的红外光谱研究

采用原位红外光谱研究了Pd/NiAl2O4催化剂上甲烷燃烧反应机理,考察了Pd在载体上的氧化-还原状态对催化剂性能的影响.结果表明,甲酸盐向碳酸盐的转化是反应的控制步骤.经预还原处理的催化剂在贫燃富氧条件下反应一段时间后,活性组分仍为Pd-PdO混合形态;Pd单质的存在使O2在其上吸附形成活性O2-物种,从而促进了甲酸盐向碳酸盐的转化.     

Preferential oxidation of CO in excess H2 over CeO2/CuO catalyst:Effect of calcination temperature

Different from the classical configuration CuO/CeO2 catalyst,the inverse configuration CeO2 /CuO catalyst (atomic ratio of Ce/Cu=10/100) was prepared by impregnation method.Five calcination temperatures were selected to investigate the interaction between CeO2 and CuO support.It is found that as calcination temperature increased from 500 to 900 C,sintering of CeO2 particles on the support occurred together with the diffusion of a portion of Ce 4+ ions into CuO crystals,forming solid solution.Formation of interface complex Ce-O-Cu was suggested by TPR measurements.The catalyst calcined at 700 C gives the highest activity for preferential oxidation of CO in excess H2 stream.