The injection system of the NESTOR X-ray generator

The work is dedicated to one of the systems of the NESTOR X-ray generator. The injection system is at the highest stage of readiness after the magnetic system. Structurally, the injection system can be represented as an injector (linear accelerator), channel of parallel transportation (transport channel), channel of the beam entry into the vacuum chamber, and pulsed inflector. All equipment has been tested, and the beam passed through all the components in the volume of the storage ring.     

NESTOR: An underwater neutrino observatory in the Ionian sea

Deep underwater high energy neutrino detection is a very promising field in both elementary particle physics and astrophysics. On one side, the energy range of ground based accelerators cannot be extended much more respect to the present, leaving only astronomical sources for future investigations. In the astrophysics field, neutrinos are the tool to explore further in the universe due to their low interactions. By the same token, the experimental problems for a neutrino detector are enormous. The Cherenkov effect is practically the only possible tool, because it uses sea water both as shield and as detector. NESTOR is the first step toward a full fledged deep underwater neutrino experiment. While its area, of the order of 10000 m^**2, cannot hope to identify all possible celestial sources, it is nevertheless a necessary step toward the “Km^**3” experiment. The first deployment tests have already been performed, proving the feasibility of the mechanical design, and the electronics is almost completely ready. Additional tests are scheduled for this autumn and next year will see a relevant part of the experiment installed at the bottom of the Ionian sea.     

A power-supply control system for the NESTOR X-ray generator

The work considers the control system of magnetic components of the NESTOR Compton back-scattering X-ray generator. The control system allows integration of the control and visualization modules of other subsystems of the generator. The described system was experimentally tested, and during the test a beam was inputted into the physical volume of the NESTOR storage element.     

Double-beta-decay experiment NEMO-3: Preliminary results of phase I (2003–2004)

The NEMO-3 detector has been taking data in the Fréjus underground laboratory (LSM, France) since February 2003 and is devoted to the search for neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ). After 389 effective days of data collection from February 2003 until September 2004 (Phase I), no evidence for neutrinoless double-beta decay was found from ∼7 kg of ¹⁰⁰Mo and ∼1 kg of ⁸²Se. The corresponding limits for the half-lives are T _1/2(0νββ) > 4.6 × 10²³ yr for ¹⁰⁰Mo and T _1/2(0νββ) > 1.0 × 10²³ yr for ⁸²Se (90% C.L.). They lead to the following limits for the effective Majorana neutrino mass: 〈m _ν〉 < 0.7–2.8 eV for ¹⁰⁰Mo and 〈m _ν〉 < 1.8–4.9 eV for ⁸²Se. The half-lives of the two-neutrino double-beta decay (2νββ) have been measured for ¹⁰⁰Mo, ⁸²Se, ¹¹⁶Cd, ¹⁵⁰Nd, and ⁹⁶Zr and reported here as well. on behalf of NEMO Collaboration The text was submitted by the author in English.     

"三明治"靶型在间接驱动冲击波实验中的应用

间接驱动方式具有提供更高冲击波压力的潜力,对冲击波物理研究来说是一种很好的驱动方式.针对间接驱动下X射线离化对透明窗口造成的致盲问题,提出了新的"三明治"靶型结构,以完成间接驱动下冲击波实验.该靶型可以用两种方法避免致盲效应对实验的干扰.一种方法是从时间上避开致盲效应,使致盲效应与冲击波测量区错开,从而获得冲击波数据.另一种方法是从强度上屏蔽X射线,将X射线阻挡在透明材料之前,使其不能产生致盲效应.对单冲击实验而言,用增加烧蚀层厚度的方法,将X射线离化效应与冲击波信号从时间上错开,获得了蓝宝石和石英晶体中冲击波实验的结果.用增加阻挡层的方法,获得了间接驱动条件下石英晶体和聚苯乙烯材料中的冲击波实验结果.提出的"三明治"靶型,为间接驱动条件下状态方程和冲击波调速技术提供了技术支持. 关键词： 冲击波 光学诊断 离化效应 干涉仪     

Clement-Desormes实验之不足

通过分析实验数据发现，Clement-Desormes的测量结果接近理论值存在某种巧合，该实验所用的测量原理并不能充分解释其实验现象。     

阿基米德实验和电磁振荡实验的改进

利用简易装置对阿基米德实验和电磁振荡实验进行了改进．     

2003年的诺贝尔物理奖

2003年的诺贝尔物理奖授予了低温物理领域的三位物理学家，他们是Alexei A、Abrikosov(阿布里柯索夫)，Vitaly L．Ginzburg(京茨堡)以及Anthony J．Leggett(莱格特),此奖用以表彰前两者在超导电性方面的贡献，后者为在超流方面作出的贡献.大家知道，自然界中的微观粒子服从量子力学规律；     

Franck-Hertz实验的物理过程

通过对Franck-Hertz实验中的电子能量分布及其动态变化的分析,对Franck-Hertz曲线的规律性波动现象作出了直观的解释.对充汞Franck-Hertz管,考虑了电子的额外加速程、汞原子的多能级共同激发以及电子与汞原子非弹性碰撞后电子具有剩余能量等因素,对Franck-Hertz实验的物理过程有了更全面的了解,并对Franck-Hertz曲线峰间距随加速电压增大而持续变大的现象作出了解释.     

物理实验中的显微摄影实验

简述了在普通物理光学实验中如何应用显微镜进行光学显微摄影,并分析了在光学显微摄影中如何解决一些实际操作问题,提高拍摄效果.     

声学小实验

取1支大试管,配上合适胶塞,在胶塞下悬挂1个蜂鸣器(可用生日贺卡上的音乐 IC片及蜂鸣器),联接好电源,待用. 实验时,先向试管中注入少量水,然后加热试管中的水. 此时不要盖紧胶塞,待水沸腾,水蒸气充满容器,空气大部分被排出大试管后,小心盖紧胶塞. 这时能清楚听见蜂鸣器的音乐声,停止加热后声音逐渐减弱,至水冷却后该声音听不见. 这是由于试管内水蒸气冷凝后使试管内接近真空状态,所以几乎听不见蜂鸣器的响声,从而说明声音的传播需要以空气等物质为媒质,在真空中不能传播.图1　实验装置图声学小实验@陈少康$珠海市第二中学!广东珠海5190…     

滚动演示实验

介绍了滚动演示实验教具的制作和使用方法，并利用质心运动定理和转动定理解释了演示现象。     

漫谈物理实验教学的改革

从实验教学改革考虑，对实验教学的模式、教学实验与计算机及实验与兴趣谈了个人看法。     

物理实验开放式教学初探

网上预约实验实现了各校区资源共享、教学内容有弹性满足了不同层次学生的需求，开放式教学增强了教师的责任心，激发了学生学习的主动性和积极性，提高了实验教学质量，充分利用了实验室的资源，取得了较好的效果。     

漫淡教学用分光计

叙述了分光计在实验教学中的应用及其产品的发展历史,并对分光计的改进提出了建设性意见.     

灵敏电流计实验中的温差电效应

由于光点式灵敏电流计内部存在照明光源,系统很鸡避免温差,产生温差电流,从而引起光标附加偏转,本文以测量灵敏电流计常量和内阻为例,表明了温差电动势的存在,介绍了消除其影响的方法。     

2003年度诺贝尔物理学奖漫谈

简要介绍了奖金获得者Alexei A Abrikosov，Vitaly L Ginzburg和Anthony J Leggett在超导体和超流体理论方面开拓性的贡献，特别着重于他们所发展的理论的背景和重要性，文章还简要谈及2003年度诺贝尔物理学奖给我们带来的启示。