冷冻去脂-液液分配净化/气相色谱-质谱法测定化妆品中16种多环芳烃

建立了保湿护肤系列化妆品中16种多环芳烃的气相色谱-质谱测定法。对于水剂样品,采用环己烷提取、浓缩等简单前处理;对于膏霜剂样品,采用乙腈+丙酮(8+2,V/V)涡旋提取样品中的待测物,提取液经冷冻去脂、液液萃取净化(氨水-环己烷、水-环己烷),气相色谱-质谱法测定。16种多环芳烃在1～50μg/L均与对应峰面积呈良好线性关系。添加量在1～50μg/kg时,平均回收率(n=6)为78.1%～103.7%,相对标准偏差为2.4%～7.1%,方法检测限为1～10μg/kg。该法可用于化妆品中16种多环芳烃的测定。     

分散液液微萃取-气相色谱/质谱法测定水中多环芳烃

用分散液液微萃取-气相色谱/质谱法测定水样中的16种多环芳烃(PAHs)。通过实验确定最佳萃取条件为:20μL四氯化碳作萃取剂,1.0 mL乙腈作分散剂,超声萃取1 min。在优化条件下,多环芳烃的富集倍数达到216～511,方法在0.05～50μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(R2)在0.9873～0.9983之间,检出限为0.0020～0.14μg/L。相对标准偏差(RSD)在3.82%～12.45%(n=6)之间。该方法成功用于实际水样中痕量多环芳烃的测定。     

固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定地下水中多环芳烃

提出了固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定地下水中16种多环芳烃的方法。样品经ENVIC18固相萃取柱富集,依次用丙酮5 mL和二氯甲烷10 mL将16种多环芳烃从固相萃取柱上洗脱,用K-D浓缩器浓缩后,供气相色谱-质谱仪测定。纯水或自来水经固相萃取处理后,再用于配制标准溶液并绘制标准曲线。16种多环芳烃的检出限(3S/N)均小于2.0 ng.L-1。用该法分析地下水样品,所得结果的相对标准偏差(n=7)小于14.0%,加标回收率在84.3%~112.3%之间。     

液液萃取分离-气相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水中12种有机氯农药

采用液液萃取分离-气相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水中12种有机氯农药的含量。样品经正己烷提取,在气相色谱分离中用DB-5MS色谱柱为固定相,在质谱分析中采用多反应监测模式。12种有机氯农药在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限在0.002~0.032μg·L~(-1)之间,测定下限在0.008~0.128μg·L~(-1)之间。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在99.1%~126%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)在2.3%~9.3%之间。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定三七提取物中16种多环芳烃

提出了气相色谱-质谱法测定三七提取物中16种多环芳烃。样品用环己烷萃取,经凝胶渗透色谱净化处理后,采用HP-5MS色谱柱分离,电子轰击离子源-选择离子检测模式检测,外标法定量。16种多环芳烃的质量浓度在0.01~1.0mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的测定下限(10S/N)在0.3~9.5μg·kg-1之间。在0.01,0.05,0.1mg·kg-1添加水平下,16种多环芳烃的加标回收率在70.1%~111%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在3.0%~9.4%之间。     

凝固漂浮有机液滴-分散液液微萃取结合高效液相色谱法同时测定地表水中多环芳烃和酞酸酯

多环芳烃和酞酸酯是国际公认的优控污染物,因此准确快速地测定水中多环芳烃和酞酸酯非常重要。凝固漂浮有机液滴-分散液液微萃取(DLLME-SFO)是一种简便、快速、环境友好、灵敏度高的样品前处理技术。采用DLLME-SFO同时测定地表水中多环芳烃和酞酸酯的分析方法鲜有报道。该文采用凝固漂浮有机液滴-分散液液微萃取富集技术,结合高效液相色谱紫外/荧光法,建立了同时测定地表水中16种多环芳烃和6种酞酸酯的分析方法。考察优化了影响萃取效率的主要因素,包括萃取剂的种类和用量、分散剂的种类和用量、萃取时间和离子强度等。优化后的萃取实验条件为:5.0 mL水样,10μL十二醇为萃取溶剂,500μL甲醇为分散溶剂,涡旋振荡时间2 min,氯化钠用量0.2 g。目标化合物经多环芳烃专用色谱柱(SUPELCOSIL^TM LC-PAH, 150 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm)结合乙腈-水梯度洗脱分离,16种多环芳烃除苊烯外采用荧光检测,苊烯和6种酞酸酯采用紫外检测,外标法定量。结果表明,22种目标化合物的基质加标回收率为60.2%～113.5%,相对标准偏差为1.9%～14.3%;多环芳...     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定土壤中多环芳烃和多氯联苯

研究土壤中持久性有机污染物的含量可以为区域环境治理和来源解析提供基础数据。本文通过固相萃取结合气相色谱-串联质谱法建立了16种多环芳烃和15种多氯联苯的检测方法,并优化了固相萃取净化方法、色谱条件以及质谱碰撞能量。结果表明16种多环芳烃和15种多氯联苯的标准曲线线性关系良好,方法线性相关系数r~20.999,方法的检出限为0.1~2.5μg·kg~(-1),16种多环芳烃的平均加标回收率范围为62.5%~113.5%,相对标准偏差在2.3%~8.2%之间,15种多氯联苯的平均加标回收率范围为62.6%~91.4%,相对标准偏差在5.2%~7.8%之间。方法的准确度和精密度较高,通过对实际样品的测定,说明该方法具有较低的检出限及较强的抗干扰能力,能满足土壤中多环芳烃和多氯联苯的检测要求。     

分散固相萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法测定蔬菜中多环芳烃及卤代多环芳烃

建立了同时检测蔬菜中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)和11种卤代多环芳烃(X-PAHs)污染水平的分散固相萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)分析方法。样品中的多环芳烃和卤代多环芳烃经正己烷提取,N-丙基乙二胺吸附剂(PSA)和十八烷基键合硅胶吸附剂(C18)分散固相萃取净化剂净化,气相色谱-串联质谱方法测定,外标法定量。16种PAHs和11种X-PAHs在50,100和200μg/kg添加浓度下的回收率为74.7%～115.1%,相对标准偏差为1.6%～15.3%,方法检出限为0.03～7.4μg/kg。     

加速溶剂萃取-气相色谱法测定土壤中16种多环芳烃

利用加速溶剂萃取-气相色谱法测定土壤中16种多环芳烃的分析。研究了萃取时间、温度、压力、样品的粒度对萃取效率的影响及不同淋洗液在硅胶柱净化过程中对方法回收率的影响。实验结果表明,加速溶剂萃取方法对16种多环芳烃的萃取溶剂量小,萃取时间短萃取回收率分别在74%~95%之间;对标准样品的检出限为0.00004~0.02 mg/kg;方法RSD为4%~15%。用此方法测定了株洲土壤中的多环芳烃含量。     

快速溶剂萃取-气相色谱-质谱法同时测定土壤中多环芳烃、六六六和滴滴涕

建立快速溶剂萃取-气相色谱-质谱法同时测定土壤中多环芳烃、六六六和滴滴涕。优化了提取溶剂和洗脱溶剂,采用加速溶剂萃取法处理土壤样品,萃取溶剂为二氯甲烷-正己烷(1∶1)。提取液用氮吹仪浓缩、硅酸镁固相萃取小柱净化,用二氯甲烷-正己烷(3∶7)混合溶剂对固相萃取小柱进行活化和洗脱,流出液净化后氮吹浓缩至1 mL,利用气相色谱-质谱内标法进行分析定量。16种多环芳烃、8种有机氯农药及3种替代物在5.0～500μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限为0.000 55～0.000 77 mg/kg,加标回收率为68.2%～112.7%,相对标准偏差为4.3%～10.1%(n=5)。该方法可用于同时测定土壤中多环芳烃、六六六、滴滴涕的含量。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.