The method of layer potentials for non-smooth domains with arbitrary topology

In this paper we discuss the solvability of boundary value problems for the Laplace operator on Lipschitz domains with arbitrary topology via boundary layers. An application to hydrodynamics is included.Partially supported by a UMC Research Board grant and UMC Summer Research Fellowship     

Approximation in the mean by bounded analytic functions

Let 1<p< and . LetC _q denote the Bessel capacity in the plane. Let be the set of homomorphisms ofH (G) such that (z)= and letNP denote the set of points in G for which is not a peak set forH (G). In this note, we show that ifC _q (NP)=0, thenH (G) is dense inL _a ^p (G), the Bergman space overG.Partially supported by NSF DMS-9401234     

On the unique finite (SI) decomposition of the Jordan operator ⊕ i=1 n S(θ) for certain inner function θ

In this paper, we have proven that for the Jordan blockS() withS() (SI), _i=1 ⁿ S() =S() ⁽ⁿ⁾ (n 1) has unique finite (SI) decomposition up to a similarity. As result, we obtain that ifV is a Volterra operator onH=L ²([0, 1]), thenV ⁽ⁿ⁾ has unique finite (SI) decomposition.This project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Constraint-Based Job Shop Scheduling with IILOG SCHEDULER

We introduce constraint-based scheduling and discuss its main principles. An approximation algorithm based on tree search is developed for the job shop scheduling problem using ILOG SCHEDULER. A new way of calculating lower bounds on the makespan of the job shop scheduling problem is presented and we show how such results can be used within a constraint-based approach. An empirical performance analysis shows that the algorithm we developed performs well. Finally, taking the job shop scheduling problem as a start point, we discuss how constraint-based scheduling can be used to solve more general scheduling problems.     

Accurate scalar products and optimization

This paper describes a procedure for computing accurate scalar products of real-valued vectors. Anada implementation of this procedure is used to demonstrate the extent to which the technique can improve the convergence of the conjugate gradient algorithm. We also give a brief discussion of the costs and limitations of accurate arithmetic operations.     

The chebop system for automatic solution of differential equations

In Matlab, it would be good to be able to solve a linear differential equation by typing u = L\f, where f, u, and L are representations of the right-hand side, the solution, and the differential operator with boundary conditions. Similarly it would be good to be able to exponentiate an operator with expm(L) or determine eigenvalues and eigenfunctions with eigs(L). A system is described in which such calculations are indeed possible, at least in one space dimension, based on the previously developed chebfun system in object-oriented Matlab. The algorithms involved amount to spectral collocation methods on Chebyshev grids of automatically determined resolution. AMS subject classification (2000)  65L10, 65M70, 65N35     

A vector valued transference of Fourier-Bessel multipliers onto Hankel multipliers with applications

In this note we prove a vector valued transference theorem relating Fourier-Bessel multipliers and Hankel multipliers. An application of such a transference theorem allows to show that results of Córdoba [3] and Romera [4] can be deduced from a recent result of Balodis and Córdoba [1, Theorem 3]. Partially supported by DGICYT Grant PB 97-1489 (Spain). Partially supported by KBN grant # 2 PO3A 034 20.     

Manifolds whose curvature operator has constant eigenvalues at the basepoint

Osserman conjectured that if the curvature operatorR of a Riemannian manifoldM has constant eigenvalues, thenM is locally a rank-1 symmetric space or is flat. The pointwise question is considerably more complicated. We present examples of Riemannian manifolds so thatR has constant eigenvalues at the basepoint, butR is not the curvature operator of a rank-1 symmetric space. Research partially supported by the NSF and IHES.     

Isoperimetric inequalities and the gap between the first and second eigenvalues of an Euclidean domain

In this paper we introduce a weighted Cheeger constant and show that the gap between the first two eigenvalues of a Riemannian manifold given Dirichlet conditions can be bounded from below in terms of this constant. When the Riemannian manifold is a bounded Euclidean domain satisfying an interior rolling sphere condition we give an estimate on the weighted Cheeger constant in terms of the rolling sphere radius, volume, a bound on the principal curvatures of the boundary and the dimension. This yields a lower bound on the nontrivial gap for Euclidean domains. S-Y. Cheng’s research partially supported by the CUHK direct grant A/C # 220600260. K. Oden’s research partially supported by the Department of Education Graduate Fellowship     

Some varieties and convexities generated by fractal lattices

We introduce definitions of semifractal, 0–1-fractal, quasifractal and fractal lattices. A variety generated by a fractal lattice is called fractal generated, with analogous terminology for the other variants. We show that a semifractal generated nondistributive lattice variety cannot be of residually finite length. This easily implies that there are exactly continuously many lattice varieties which are not semifractal generated. On the other hand, for each prime field F, the variety generated by all subspace lattices of vector spaces over F is shown to be fractal generated. These countably many varieties and the class of all distributive lattices are the only known fractal generated lattice varieties at present. Four distinct countable distributive fractal lattices are given each of which generates . After showing that each lattice can be embedded in a quasifractal, continuously many quasifractals are given each of which has cardinality and generates the variety of all lattices. Semifractal considerations are applied to construct examples of convexities that include no minimal convexity, thus answering a question of Jakubík. (A convexity is a class of lattices closed under taking homomorphic images, convex sublattices and direct products, a notion due to Ervin Fried.) This research was partially supported by the NFSR of Hungary (OTKA), grant no. T 049433 and K 60148.     

Global homeomorphisms and covering projections on metric spaces

For a large class of metric spaces with nice local structure, which includes Banach–Finsler manifolds and geodesic spaces of curvature bounded above, we give sufficient conditions for a local homeomorphism to be a covering projection. We first obtain a general condition in terms of a path continuation property. As a consequence, we deduce several conditions in terms of path- liftings involving a generalized derivative, and in particular we obtain an extension of Hadamard global inversion theorem in this context. Next we prove that, in the case of quasi-isometric mappings, some of these sufficient conditions are also necessary. Finally, we give an application to the existence of global implicit functions. O. Gutú and J. A. Jaramillo were supported in part by D.G.E.S. (Spain) Grant BFM2003-06420.     

Isospectral potentials and conformally equivalent isospectral metrics on spheres,balls and Lie groups

We construct pairs of conformally equivalent isospectral Riemannian metrics ?1g and ?2g on spheres Sⁿ and balls Bⁿ⁺¹ for certain dimensions n, the smallest of which is n=7, and on certain compact simple Lie groups. In the case of Lie groups, the metric g is left-invariant. In the case of spheres and balls, the metric g not the standard metric but may be chosen arbitrarily close to the standard one. For the same manifolds (M, g) we also show that the functions ?₁ and ?₂ are isospectral potentials for the Schrödinger operator ?₂\gD + \gf. To our knowledge, these are the first examples of isospectral potentials and of isospectral conformally equivalent metrics on simply connected closed manifolds.     

Modelling the dynamics of stochastic local search on <Emphasis Type="Italic">k</Emphasis>-<Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">sat</Emphasis>

A new analytical tool is presented to provide a better understanding of the search space of k-sat. This tool, termed the local value distribution , describes the probability of finding assignments of any value q′ in the neighbourhood of assignments of value q. The local value distribution is then used to define a Markov model to model the dynamics of a corresponding stochastic local search algorithm for k-sat. The model is evaluated by comparing the predicted algorithm dynamics to experimental results. In most cases the fit of the model to the experimental results is very good, but limitations are also recognised.     

Covering spheres of Banach spaces by balls

If the unit sphere of a Banach space X can be covered by countably many balls no one of which contains the origin, then, as an easy consequence of the separation theorem, X* is w*-separable. We prove the converse under suitable renorming. Moreover, the balls of the countable covering can be chosen as translates of the same ball. Research of V. P. Fonf was supported in part by Israel Science Foundation, Grant # 139/02 and by the Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica of Italy. Research of C. Zanco was supported in part by the Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica of Italy and by the Center for Advanced Studies in Mathematics at the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.     

Schrödinger operators on manifolds, essential self-adjointness, and absence of eigenvalues

Suppose thatM ⁿ is a complete, noncompact, Riemannian manifold. If Δ denotes the Laplace operator ofM, one has associated Schrödinger operators ? Δ +V. Conditions onV are formulated, which ensures the essential self-adjointness of ? Δ +V. In particular, ifV ∈ Q_α,loc (M ⁿ), the local Stummel class, andV ≥ ? c outside of a compact set, then ? Δ +V is essentially self-adjoint on C ₀ ^∞ (M ⁿ). In addition, essential self-adjointness is proved for potentials which are strongly singular at a point. The absence of eigenvalues of ?Δ +V is also studied. This relies upon Rellich-type identities. The results on strongly singular potentials make use of a generalization of the classical uncertainty principle, inR ⁿ, to Riemannian manifolds with a pole.     

Besicovitch Covering Lemma,Hadamard manifolds,and zero entropy

It is proved that if the Besicovitch Covering Lemma is true on either a Hadamard manifold or a simply connected surface without focal points that covers a compact quotient, then the manifold is the Euclidean space. As a corollary, the vanishing of the topological entropy of a compact manifold of nonpositive curvature or of a compact surface without focal points is equivalent to the validity of the Besicovitch Covering Lemma on the universal covering space of the manifold. The author was partially supported by an NSF grant.     

A new approach to L p estimates for Calderón-Zygmund type singular integrals

In this paper we give a new proof for L^p estimates of the Calderón-Zygmund type singular integrals. Our approach is completely free from harmonic analysis. This work was partially supported by the innovation foundation of Shanghai university under Grant A10-0101-08-905.     

Riesz transform and perturbation

We prove that, on a complete noncompact Riemannian manifold with bounded geometry, the L^p boundedness of the Riesz transform, for p>2, is stable under a quasi-isometric and integrable change of metric. As an intermediate step, we treat the case of weighted divergence form operators in the Euclidean space.     

The heat flow and harmonic maps between complete manifolds

We consider the existence, uniqueness and convergence for the long time solution to the harmonic map heat equation between two complete noncompact Riemannian manifolds, where the target manifold is assumed to have nonpositive curvature. As an application, we solve the Dirichlet problem at infinity for proper harmonic maps between two hyperbolic manifolds for a class of boundary maps. The boundary map under consideration has finite many points at which either it is not differentiable or has vanishing energy density.     

Average decay estimates for Fourier transforms of measures supported on curves

We consider Fourier transforms of densities supported on curves in ℝ^d. We obtain sharp lower and close to sharp upper bounds for the decay rates of as R → ∞.