金等离子体的荷态分配数的计算

在非局域热动力学平衡(Non-LTE)下,采用类氢近似,计算得出电子密度分别为6.0×10~(20) cm~(-3)、1.4×10~(21) cm~(-3)、1.0×10~(22) cm~(-3)和1.7×10~(22) cm~(-3)的条件下的三体复合、辐射复合、双电子复合系数随电子温度的变化,得出总的复合系数随电子温度的变化关系;结合相关的电离系数得出相应的离子占有数的比,最后,计算出一定电子密度和温度条件下Au~(48+)～Au~(52+)离子的离子丰度,从而得到金等离子体的荷态分配数与电子温度和电子密度的关系.     

相干态表象中费米交换算符的处理

利用费米相干态和正规乘积内的积分法,研究费米体系下两个态的交换算符.得到了交换算符在相干态表象中和粒子数表象中的表示,同时将其推广到在多状态情况下态之间的循环交换.     

金等离子体的平均荷态分配数的计算

在非局域热动平衡(Non-LTE)下,采用类氢近似,计算得出电子密度分别为6.01020cm-3、1.41021cm-3、1.01022cm-3和1.71022cm-3的条件下的三体复合、辐射复合、双电子复合系数随电子温度的变化,得出总的复合系数随电子温度的变化;结合相关的电离系数得出相应的离子占有数的比,最后,计算出一定电子密度和温度条件下,金等离子体的Co-like、Ni-like、Cu-like、Zn-like、Ga-like的离子丰度,从而得到从而得到金等离子体的荷态分配数与电子温度和电子密度的关系。     

初态对线型分子体系量子速度极限度量的影响

量子速度极限(QSL)的实用性研究关系到更高效量子技术的实现,研究不同分子体系中QSL问题可为基于分子体系的量子信息技术提供理论支持.采用代数方法讨论了不同的初始态对QSL度量方式的影响,研究发现初始态和分子参数均会影响QSL的度量方式,对分子体系无论Fock态还是相干态,量子Fisher信息度量方式优于Wigner-Yanase信息度量方式.广义几何QSL度量更适合描述强相干态下的分子动力学演化.     

两个力学量算符具有共同本征态系的条件

量子力学是人们了解微观世界的一门重要的课程.在量子力学中,由于任何实物体都具有波粒二象性,必须用算符来表示力学量,因此算符理论显得尤为重要.在研究多个算符时,有一个非常重要的定理:两个力学量算符能够具有共同本征函数系的充分必要条件是这两个个力学量算符能够互相对易.本文分析了在使用该定理时可能存在的一些问题,并对这些问题进行了澄清.     

相干态：从玻色子到费米子

建议在讲授费米系统的二次量子化时，介绍反对易ｃ数及费米子相干态     

Yangian代数在混合介子态的纠缠和衰变中的应用

Yangian代数是超出李代数更大的无穷维代数,是研究非线性量子完全可积系统的新对称特性的有力数学工具.基于介子态中夸克-味su(3)对称性和Yangian代数生成元的跃迁特性,本文研究了Yangian代数Y(su(3))生成元在三种正反介子态(π~±,K~±,K~0和K~0)各自组成的三种混合介子态(π,K和K_i~0)衰变中的作用.将Y(su(3))代数的八个生成元(I~±,U~±,V~±,I~3和I~8)作为跃迁算子,作用在混合介子态上,研究其可能的衰变道,以及衰变前后纠缠度的变化.结果表明:1)在李代数范围内的生成元I~3和I~8作用下,三种混合介子态衰变后组成成分没有发生变化,其中混合介子态π在I~8作用下衰变前后纠缠无变化,其他衰变纠缠度发生了变化;2)在其他的六个(I~±,U~±和V~±)超出李代数的生成元的作用下,三种混合介子态衰变前后组成成分发生了变化,其中两个衰变后变成单态,纠缠度为零;两个衰变不存在;剩余两个衰变后纠缠度发生了变化,此外在带电(K)和中性(K_I~0)两类K型混合介子态的六种可能的衰变中,两种类型的末态的纠缠度两两相同;3)三种混合介子态之间可以通过I~±,U~±和V~±算子循环转化,具有明显的对称性.本文从具有的对称性上提供了一种探索混合介子态可能衰变的方法,并且可以用此方法去预测可能的未知衰变粒子和解释己测得的衰变问题.     

纠缠双光子态关联函数的两种解法

介绍了量子光学中常见的双光子纠缠态关联函数的两种求法,第一种方法是利用产生湮没算符的对易关系来求解;第二种方法是应用"二次量子化"的方法来计算,这种方法不需要用对易关系,计算简便.     

多模双参数变形相干态

借助一个满足量子Heisenberg-Weyl代数(H-W_q,s代数)的多模算符,给出了量子代数SU(2)_q,s和SU(1,1)_q,s的k(k≥2)模实现,并构造了相应的相干态.     

相位Landau态

引入Landau系统(带电粒子在垂直于均匀磁场平面内的运动)的相位本征态，利用这些本征态可方便地描述带电粒子圆周运动，且所得结果与规范的选择无关. 关键词： Landau系统 相位本征态     

Microscopic theory of particle-hole states

A self-consistent procedure for calculating the particle-hole states of nuclei is given. This has been applied to the levels of¹⁶O nucleus. The particle-hole interaction is derived using Landau theory. The basis states are generated using the Brueckner many-body theory, and used in the random-phase-approximation calculation. The sensitivity of the 3- state at 6.13 MeV with the interaction is discussed, the other states being reasonably insensitive to such a choice. The effect of renormalization of the particle-hole interaction, on various states is also discussed.     

数字图像消卷积在显微测量中的应用

研究了数字图像消卷积在显微测量中的应用。在测量系统点扩展函数的基础上,利用频谱空间变换消卷积图像处理方法,消除了传统光学显微成像中的几何不清晰度。通过对显微图像进行复原,实现了反射式一维线宽的显微精确测量。在医用接骨钢板表面质量的评价中,对10μm量级的划痕宽度实现了精确和方便的测量。该技术对相关计量技术的发展具有重要意义。     

Microscopic origin of collective exponentially small resistance states

The formation of ‘zero’ (exponentially small) resistance states (ESRS) in high mobility two-dimensional electron systems (2DES) in a static magnetic field B and subjected to strong microwave (MW) radiation has attracted great theoretical interest. These states appear to be associated with a new kind of energy gap Δ. Here I show that the energy gap Δ is explained by a microscopic quantum model that involves the Prime Number Theorem, hitherto reserved for only mathematical contexts. The model also contains the zeroes of the zeta function, and explains the physical origin of the Riemann hypothesis.     

Microscopic description and excitation of unitary alalog states

A microscopic investigation in a self-consistent particle-hole model reveals approximate unitary analog states in spite of large symmetry breaking. The K-nucleus elastic scattering and (K^?, π^?) excitation of these states are studied, showing strong surface effects.     

Microscopic description of mixed-symmetry states in nearly spherical nuclei

We adopt the quasiparticle-phonon model to investigate the phonon content and the proton-neutron symmetry of low-lying states recently discovered in nuclei around shell closure. The results are in overall agreement with experiments and consistent with the interacting boson model.     

Microscopic calculation of IBM parameters by using intrinsic states

The overlaps between intrinsic fermionic and bosonic wave functions are required to be the same. This provides relations between fermion and boson variables. These relations are used in conjunction with an OAI procedure for intrinsic states to map the shell-model space operators onto their equivalent boson space operators. As an example, a QQ interaction is mapped.     

Microscopic states of Kerr black holes from boundary-bulk correspondence

It was previously claimed by the author that black holes can be considered as topological insulators. Both black holes and topological insulators have boundary modes, and the boundary modes can be described by an effective BF theory. In this paper, the boundary modes on the horizons of black holes are analyzed using methods developed for topological insulators. BTZ black holes are analyzed first, and the results are found to be compatible with previous works. The results are then generalized to Kerr black holes, for which new results are obtained: dimensionless right-and left-temperatures can be defined and have well behavior in both the Schwarzschild limit a → 0 and the extremal limit a → M. Upon the Kerr/CFT correspondence, a central charge c = 12 Mr+ can be associated with an arbitrary Kerr black hole. Moreover, the microstates of the Kerr black hole can be identified with the quantum states of this scalar field. From this identification, the number of microstates of the Kerr black hole can be counted, yielding the Bekenstein-Hawking area law for the entropy.     

Microscopic study of Gamow-Teller and spin-dipole states in 208Bi

Gamow-Teller (GT) and spin-dipole (SD) states in ²⁰⁸Bi are studied by using self-consistent Hartree-Fock + Tamm-Dancoff approximation taking into account the coupling to the continuum. Most of SD strength is found at the excitation energy E _x≈ 25MeV with a very broad width, which agrees with recent experimental observations. It is shown that Landau damping effect is responsible for the large width of SD peak, while the escape width is found to be at most 1MeV. We study also electric dipole (E1) transitions between GT and SD states in ²⁰⁸Bi. Main E1 transitions for 0^- and 1^- states are found near excitation energy expected from Brink's hypothesis in which SD states are considered as E1 resonances built on the GT state. Calculated E1 transition strengths between GT and SD states are compared with the analytic sum rules within one-particle one-hole (1p-1h) configuration space and within both 1p-1h and 2p-2h model space. Received: 11 April 2000 / Accepted: 30 August 2000     

Microscopic 3-D displacement field measurements using digital speckle photography

A technique to measure object shape and 3-D displacement fields in micro-scale is offered by microscopic stereo digital speckle photography. The displacement of the random features that are often present on many engineering surfaces when viewed in a microscope is measured with the system, using image correlation. In this paper the equipment, physical model and calibration routines are described. The technique can be applied for sub-mm sized objects of arbitrary shape for small deformation fields. As a verifying experiment, an in-plane rotation of a flat calibration plate is presented. The expected in-plane errors are shown to be less than 0.1 μm and the corresponding out-of-plane errors about three times larger. As a pilot experiment, micro-structural paper expansion is studied, when exposed to humidity. The scaling properties of the microscope as well as the sampling criteria and reliability of the system are discussed in detail.