An Ω-theorem...: Addendum

It is proved in [1] that the error term associated with the summatory function of the divisor function _–1 (n) satisfies (1)E _–1 (loglogx) with an implied constantC _–(e –1)/2. In fact, the method of [1] yields the better (2)C _–e /2, and also (3)E _–1 (log logx) with an implied constant (4)C ₊e /2.     

Sums of the error term function in the mean square for ζ(s)

Sums of the form are investigated, where is the error term in the mean square formula for . The emphasis is on the case k = 1, which is more difficult than the corresponding sum for the divisor problem. The analysis requires bounds for the irrationality measure of e^2πm and for the partial quotients in its continued fraction expansion. Authors’ addresses: Y. Bugeaud, Université Louis Pasteur, Mathématiques, 7 rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg cedex, France; A. Ivić, Katedra Matematike RGF-a, Universitet u Beogradu, Đušina 7, 11000 Beograd, Serbia     

Integral mean square estimation for the error term related to n xλ2(n2)

Let λf(n) be the n-th normalized Fourier coefficient of a holomorphic Hecke eigenform f(z) ∈Sk(Γ).We establish that, for any ε 0,1/Xintegral from n=1 to x|sum λ~2f~((n~2)) from n≤x to - c_2x|2dx ?ε X154/101+ε,which improves previous results.     

An error estimate for the finite difference approximation to degenerate convection–diffusion equations

We consider semi-discrete first-order finite difference schemes for a nonlinear degenerate convection?Cdiffusion equations in one space dimension, and prove an L ¹ error estimate. Precisely, we show that the ${L^1_{\rm{loc}}}$ difference between the approximate solution and the unique entropy solution converges at a rate ${\mathcal{O}(\Delta x^{1/11})}$ , where ${\Delta x}$ is the spatial mesh size. If the diffusion is linear, we get the convergence rate ${\mathcal{O}(\Delta x^{1/2})}$ , the point being that the ${\mathcal{O}}$ is independent of the size of the diffusion.     

A new sharp approximation for the Gamma function related to Burnside’s formula

In this paper, based on Burnside’s formula, a similar continued fraction approximation of the factorial function and some inequalities for the gamma function are established. Finally, for demonstrating the superiority of our new series over the Burnside’s formula and the classical Stirling’s series, some numerical computations are given.     

Conditional estimates for error terms related to the distribution of zeros of ζ′(s)

Berndt, Levinson and Montgomery investigated the distribution of nonreal zeros of derivatives of the Riemann zeta function, including the number of zeros up to a height T and the distribution of the real part of nonreal zeros. In this paper we obtain sharper estimates for the error terms of their results in the case of the first derivative of the Riemann zeta function, under the truth of the Riemann hypothesis.     

An inequality for the function π(n)

We prove that the inequality $\pi ^2 \left( m \right) + \pi ^2 \left( n \right) \leqslant \tfrac{5} {4}\pi ^2 \left( {m + n} \right)$ holds for all integers m, n ≥ 2. The constant factor 5/4 is sharp. This complements a result of Panaitopol, who showed in 2001 that ½ π ²(m+ n) ≤ π ²(m) + π ²(n) is valid for all m, n ≥ 2. Here, as usual, π(n) denotes the number of primes not exceeding n.     

A lower bound for the error term in Weyl’s law for certain Heisenberg manifolds

This article provides an Omega-result for the remainder term in Weyl’s law for the spectral counting function of certain rational (2ℓ + 1)-dimensional Heisenberg manifolds. Received: 22 September 2008     

The error term in the Sato–Tate conjecture

Let \({f(z) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty a(n)e^{2\pi i nz} \in S_k^{\mathrm{new}}(\Gamma_0(N))}\) be a newform of even weight \({k \geq 2}\) that does not have complex multiplication. Then \({a(n) \in \mathbb{R}}\) for all n; so for any prime p, there exists \({\theta_p \in [0, \pi]}\) such that \({a(p) = 2p^{(k-1)/2} {\rm cos} (\theta_p)}\) . Let \({\pi(x) = \#\{p \leq x\}}\) . For a given subinterval \({[\alpha, \beta]\subset[0, \pi]}\) , the now-proven Sato–Tate conjecture tells us that as \({x \to \infty}\) , $$ \#\{p \leq x: \theta_p \in I\} \sim \mu_{ST} ([\alpha, \beta])\pi(x),\quad \mu_{ST} ([\alpha, \beta]) = \int\limits_{\alpha}^\beta \frac{2}{\pi}{\rm sin}^2(\theta) d\theta. $$ Let \({\epsilon > 0}\) . Assuming that the symmetric power L-functions of f are automorphic, we prove that as \({x \to \infty}\) , $$ \#\{p \leq x: \theta_p \in I\} = \mu_{ST} ([\alpha, \beta])\pi(x) + O\left(\frac{x}{(\log x)^{9/8-\epsilon}} \right), $$ where the implied constant is effectively computable and depends only on k,N, and \({\epsilon}\) .     

On the error term in Weyl’s law for the Heisenberg manifolds (Ⅱ)

In this paper we study the mean square of the error term in the Weyl’s law of an irrational (2l + 1)-dimensional Heisenberg manifold. An asymptotic formula is established.     

On the error term in Weyl’s law for the Heisenberg manifolds (II)

In this paper we study the mean square of the error term in the Weyl’s law of an irrational (2l + 1)-dimensional Heisenberg manifold. An asymptotic formula is established. This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10771127)     

An approximation for the nonlinear filtering problem,with error bound †

For the standard continuous-time nonlinear filtering problem an approximation approach is derived. The approximate filter is given by the solution to an appropriate discrete-time approximating filtering problem that can be explicitly solved by a finite-dimensional procedure. Furthermore an explicit upper bound for the approximation error is derived. The approximating problem is obtained by first approximating the signal and then using measure transformation to express the original observation process in terms of the approximating signal     

Can an a priori error estimate for an approximate solution of an ill-posed problem be comparable with the error in data?

For a linear operator equation of the first kind with perturbed data, it is shown that the global (on typical sets) a priori error estimate for its approximate solution can have the same order as that for the approximate data only if the operator of the problem is normally solvable. If the operator of the problem is given exactly, this is possible only if the problem is well-posed (stable).     

Integer matrices related to Liouville’s function

In this note, we construct some integer matrices with determinant equal to certain summation form of Liouville’s function. Hence, it offers a possible alternative way to explore the Prime Number Theorem by means of inequalities related to matrices, provided a better estimate on the relation between the determinant of a matrix and other information such as its eigenvalues is known. Besides, we also provide some comparisons on the estimate of the lower bound of the smallest singular value. Such discussion may be extended to that of Riemann hypothesis.     

A lower bound for the error term in Weyl’s law for certain Heisenberg manifolds, II

This article is concerned with estimations from below for the remainder term in Weyl’s law for the spectral counting function of certain rational (2ℓ + 1)-dimensional Heisenberg manifolds. Concentrating on the case of odd ℓ, it continues the work done in part I [21] which dealt with even ℓ.      

An Optimal L∞–error Estimate for an Approximation of a Parabolic Variational Inequality

In this article, an optimal error estimate for parabolic variational inequalities is studied. Existence and uniqueness of the solution is provided by the introduction of a constructive algorithm. An optimally L^∞-asymptotic behavior in uniform norm is proved using the semi-implicit time scheme combined with the finite element spatial approximation. The approach is based on the concept of subsolutions.     

On a serious mathematical error in the “Mathematical Encyclopedia” related to the solution of the Gibbs paradox

The solution of the Gibbs paradox in the “Mathematical Encyclopedia” [1] contained an error. It is also contained in many physics textbooks. A correct solution is given in this paper. New thermodynamic quantities taking into account the occurrence of dimers and clusters are introduced.     

Stability in an overdetermined problem for the Green’s function

In the plane, we consider the problem of reconstructing a domain from the normal derivative of its Green’s function (with fixed pole) relative to the Dirichlet problem for the Laplace operator. By means of the theory of conformal mappings, we derive stability estimates of Hölder type.