超流氦中的热波实验研究

在本文中,采用新型的超导传感器对超流氦浴中的热波在不同的热流密度及氦浴温度下进行了测量,同时研究了超流氦浴中的热激波现象,并且与理论分析进行了比较。     

热脉冲作用下超流氦浴量子涡旋形成准则

在超流氦浴非稳态传热测量的基础上，根据膜沸腾形成时间的实验结果研究了热脉冲作用下超流氦浴量子涡旋形成准则ｔ＝ａｑ＾－３／２，得出了准则数ａ与Ｈｅｌｌ浴温度和压力的关系。有了ａ准则数好可得出Ｈｅｌｌ浴在热负荷ｑ作用下形成量子涡旋所需的时间ｔ，研究表明，Ｈｅｌｌ浴的ａ准则数远小于毛细管内的ａ准则数，其压力效应尤为明显。     

过冷态超流氦浴中的二步相变传热研究

本文提出了考虑过冷态超流氦传热中的He／Hell、GHe／Hel的二步相变传热模型,该模型与实验结果符合得很好。     

过冷态超流氦中的稳态传热

本文详细研究了过冷态超流氦(Hellp)中的稳态传热,内容包括临界热流密度、膜沸腾传热系数、以及过冷态超流氦浴温度和压力对稳态传热特性的影响.对最大临界热流密度的理论性探讨——“相对临界热流密度法”较为成功地阐述了 Hellp 的最大临界热流密度.     

超流3He中的双量子涡旋

我们所感受到的物质世界是由质子、中子、电子和光子组成的 .随着粒子物理研究的不断发展 ,人们认识到 ,除了上述四种宏观物质组元粒子之外 ,还存在上百种短寿命的粒子 .根据标准模型 ,最深层次的物质粒子共有 12种 (每种另有相应的反粒子 ) ,即 6种夸克 (夸克组成了质子、中子、介子等强子 )和 6种轻子 (包括电子、μ子、τ子等 ) .此外 ,还有一些力传递粒子 ,如传递电磁力的光子等 .上述理解涵盖强力、弱力和电磁力三种基本相互作用 ,但第 4种相互作用———引力未被包括在内 .其原因在于 :前三种力可用量子不连续的图像来描述 ,但引力却…     

窄缝中的过冷态超流氦传热特性研究

本文从理论上对窄缝中的过冷态超流氦传热做了一定的研究 .研究的主要方面是过冷态超流氦的临界热负荷与温度、窄缝宽度、及窄缝取向之间的定性关系与定量关系表达式     

第二声传热及热扩散作用对超流氦瞬态传热的影响

本文在考虑第二声波及热扩散对超液氦传热的影响的基础上，以基本的传 为基础，分析了第二声波热及热扩散作用传热的特点，推导出瞬态传热的膜沸腾传热时间Δｔｍ与脉冲热流ｑ关系，较好地描述了超流氦中瞬态传热过程。     

超流氦中的沸腾实验研究及其光学测量

在超流氦的沸腾实验中,随着静压液柱的降低,会出现不同的沸腾状态。在噪块沸腾中,一个与平板加热器大小相当的包在其表面上反复地长大、缩小,并伴随着巨大的噪声和剧烈的机械振动;在无噪声沸胶中,在平板加热器表面形成一个极稳定的气膜,并且,没有噪声和机械振动出现;而在两者之间,存在一个过渡的沸腾状态。在本文中,通过对沸腾过程中的可视化测量和对沸腾时的压力振动的测量,对超流氦中的不同沸腾状态进行了研究。     

超流氦沸腾过程的混沌分析

超流氦的噪声沸腾和无噪声沸腾的研究对超流氦的应用有重要指导意义,通过相空间重构分析Lyapunov指数发现,它们均是混沌运动,而且可用Lyapunov指数描述和比较过程的不稳定性;通过时间序列的R／S分析,可用Hurst指数H和分维D0判别这两个过程的近似的时间序列模型。     

静压及范德瓦尔斯压力对超流氦传热的影响

1引言在过冷态超流氦（HellP）被成功地获得并应用在超导磁体冷却后，超流氦的工程应用引起了低温工程和低温物理研究者的重视，各种各样的HellP制冷机（恒温器）相继出现。同时出现了很多有关Hell浴中传热的论文山；然而从未有过有关压力对传热影响的系统研究。本文以Hell传热的基本规律及Hell的相图为基础，结合传热实验结果系统地研究了压力对Hell传热的影响。2P＜PA时Hell中的最大临界热负荷软2·1饱和态起流氧2·1·1无噪声沸腾Hell传热中试样达到其最大临界热负荷伽的前提条件是必须克服一过冷度凸Tin。x。如图1氦的相图所示，…     

Shock cooling of liquid nitrogen and superfluid helium

Abstract

Superfluid Helium (11) and liquid nitrogen are the only liquids which have been shown experimentally, to exhibit shock cooling. In the present paper we use the Landau model to demonstrate theoretically that the roton gap, which decreases with increasing density, plays the same role leading to shock cooling in liquid helium as the dissociation energy does in liquid nitrogen.     

费米超流气体的非线性Landau-Zener 隧穿

在平均场近似下,通过对相平面和不动点的分析, 研究了非线性两能级系统中费米超流气体的Landau-Zener 隧穿现象. 研究发现,费米子间的相互作用能够显著地影响量子隧穿. 当相互作用参数c小于临界值c^*时,在绝热极限下隧穿仍然满足量子绝热定理, 而大于这一临界值时,量子绝热定理不再满足. 最后通过和线性情况比较,得到了c*时隧穿率与扫描速率间满足的指数关系.     

Repulsive gravitational effect of a quantum wave packet and experimental scheme with superfluid helium

We consider the gravitational effect of quantum wave packets when quantum mechanics, gravity, and thermodynamics are simultaneously considered. Under the assumption of a thermodynamic origin of gravity, we propose a general equation to describe the gravitational effect of quantum wave packets. In the classical limit, this equation agrees with Newton’s law of gravitation. For quantum wave packets, however, it predicts a repulsive gravitational effect. We propose an experimental scheme using superfluid helium to test this repulsive gravitational effect. Our studies show that, with present technology such as superconducting gravimetry and cold atom interferometry, tests of the repulsive gravitational effect for superfluid helium are within experimental reach.     

Diffusive Thermal Conductivity of Superfluid Fermi Gas in p-Wave State at Low Temperatures

The diffusive thermal conductivity tensor of p-wave superfluid at low temperatures is calculated by using the Boltzmann equation approach. We use the Sykes and Brooker procedure and show that K xx is equal to K yy and these are related to T-1 , also K zz is proporated to T-3 .     

Effect of He pre-plating on third sound in superfluid He

We recently reported observation of third sound resonances in superfluid films of pure ³He on a disk-shaped polished copper substrate. From the observed spectra of resonant modes, the third sound speed, the average superfluid density, and information on dissipation were obtained. The film thicknesses studied were larger than or comparable to the superfluid coherence length, which is near 100 nm. We describe preliminary results from efforts aimed at using third sound in thinner films on a substrate which has been coated with a few atomic layers of ⁴He.     

Diffusive Thermal Conductivity of Superfluid Fermi Gas in p-Wave State at Low Temperatures

The diffusive thermal conductivity tensor of p-wave superfluid at low temperatures is calculated by using the Boltzmann equation approach. We use the Sykes and Brooker procedure and show that K_xx is equal to K_yy and these are related to T^-1, also K_zz is proporated to T^-3.     

多注毫米波行波管收集极的热设计

为解决多注毫米波行波管收集极的散热问题,保障行波管工作可靠性与稳定性,利用 ANSYS 有限元软件模拟分析了收集极的传热特性,针对性地调整和优化了收集极相关参数与结构。研究结果表明：接触热阻是造成收集极具有较高温升的一个重要因素,由接触热阻所造成的温升约占收集极内外温度差的1/3;并不是第二电极与磁环接触宽度越宽所对应的收集极散热能力就越强,而是在一定工作条件下其散热能力存在极限值;对于绝缘陶瓷材料,应根据绝缘陶瓷的温度特性以及行波管的功率大小来进行选择;翼片式散热器是一种符合设计要求的理想散热结构。     

Effect of temperature-dependent surface heat transfer coefficient on the maximum surface stress in ceramics during quenching

We study the difference in the maximum stress on a cylinder surface σ_max using the measured surface heat transfer coefficient h_m instead of its average value h_a during quenching. In the quenching temperatures of 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 800°C, the maximum surface stress σ_mmax calculated by h_m is always smaller than σ_amax calculated by h_a, except in the case of 800°C; while the time to reach σ_max calculated by h_m (f_mmax) is always earlier than that by h_a (f_amax). It is inconsistent with the traditional view that σ_max increases with increasing Biot number and the time to reach σ_max decreases with increasing Biot number. Other temperature-dependent properties also have a small effect on the trend of their mutual ratios with quenching temperatures. Such a difference between the two maximum surface stresses is caused by the dramatic variation of h_m with temperature, which needs to be considered in engineering analysis.