离子缔合物-萃取荧光光度法测定水中阴离子表面活性剂

在 0 .2 5 mol/L H2 SO4 溶液中 ,罗丹明 B与阴离子表面活性剂形成离子缔合物 ,氯仿萃取后 ,于 5 5 0 nm处激发 ,荧光波长为 60 0 nm,对于十二烷基硫酸钠的线性范围为 0 .0 2 5～ 0 .4mg/L,RSD<2 .6%。方法可用于河水及生活废水中 1 0 -7～ 1 0 -6mol/L 阴离子表面活性剂的测定     

环境水中非离子表面活性剂的测定——四碘镉化钾缔合萃取原子吸收法

环境水中非离子表面活性剂与碘镉试剂形成的缔合物,用1,2-二氯乙烷萃取,原子吸收法测定镉以间接测定非离子表面活性剂含量。方法检测范围0.07～3mg/L,检测限0.01mg/L(采样体积为100ml)。此法灵敏度高,受阴离子表面活性剂干扰小。     

在线微孔膜双萃取-流动注射光度法测定水中阴离子表面活性剂的研究

采用在线微孔膜双萃取-流动注射光度法测定了水中的阴离子表面活性剂.方法基于亚甲基蓝与阴离子表面活性剂作用生成的盐类(λ_(max)=650 nm),可被氯仿萃取,采用在线双微孔膜液液萃取相分离器,优化了流路参数、萃取模块的流路尺寸和微孔膜的孔径.方法的线性范围为25～1000 μg/L,线性相关系数r≥0.999;检出限为4.3 μg/L;不同浓度的相对标准偏差(n=7)为0.7%～6.0%;实际水样的加标回收率为96%～110%;样品测定频率为18样/h.利用本方法分别测定了2个实际水样和2个国家标准参考物质中的阴离子表面活性剂,结果令人满意.     

催化光度法测定痕量银--银-过硫酸钾-甲基紫-十二烷基苯磺酸钠体系

在HAc-NaAc(pH=4.5)介质中,以2,2′-联吡啶为活化剂,阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为增溶剂,用Ag催化过硫酸钾氧化甲基紫,建立了催化动力学光度测定痕量银的新方法.方法的检出限为5.5×10-3mg/L;相对标准偏差为2.7%(n=9);线性范围为0.020～0.12 mg/L.本法可用于测定黑白相纸液中银和氯化银的溶度积.     

灿烂甲酚蓝与表面活性剂的作用及其在蛋白质测定中的应用

对阳离子染料灿烂甲酚蓝 (BCB)在阴离子表面活性剂存在时的溶液的吸收光谱进行了研究。同时还研究了BCB在阴离子表面活性剂作用下形成的现场二聚体的荧光性能 ,并用其现场二聚体作为探针 ,首次用于蛋白质的测定 ,结果令人满意。用于牛血清白蛋白的测定 ,线性范围为 0～ 7mg/L ,检测限为 3.6 6× 10 -3mg/L。     

十二烷基硫酸钠对酶抑制光度法测定农药残留的增敏作用

采用植物酯酶抑制法测定了蔬菜中农药的残留,研究了阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠对显色体系的作用.结果表明,十二烷基硫酸钠具有显著的增敏效果,其增敏幅度达到70%,同时对显色剂有增稳作用.用所建立的方法测定蔬菜中残留的敌敌畏,线性范围为0.11 mg/L~1.6 mg/L,最低检出限0.04 mg/L.     

亚甲蓝分光光度法测定水体中的阴离子表面活性剂

利用三氯甲烷萃取水体样品中的阴离子表面活性剂，用50mL比色管代替50mL容量瓶对三氯甲烷萃取液进行定容，以亚甲蓝分光光度法进行测定。该方法操作简便，测定阴离子表面活性剂的线性范围为0．150～1．70mg／L，检出限为0．050mg／L，样品加标回收率为89％～98％。     

红霉素与水杨基荧光酮胶束增敏荷移反应光度分析

本文提出了一种基于胶束增敏荷移反应测定红霉素的光度分析法.研究了在阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)胶束体系中红霉素作为电荷供体与电荷受体水杨基荧光酮(SAF)之间的荷移络合物的光谱性质.发现SDS对该体系有增敏作用(ε=3.95×104 L·mol-1·cm-1提高近3倍),红霉素浓度在0.73mg/L～51.4mg/L范围内符合比尔定律,r=0.9999.本方法用于片剂中红霉素含量的测定,回收率为99.7%,9次测定的相对标准偏差为0.24%.     

复合驱注采液中活性剂PS浓度的高效液相色谱分析方法研究

 合成了强阴离子交换及硅胶基质ODS键合高效液相色谱 (HPLC)柱填料。针对胜利油田复合 (碱 +表面活性剂 +聚合物 )驱油工程实施的需要 ,建立了适合于注采液中表面活性剂PS的HPLC分析方法。该方法对PS标准样品的最小检出限为 0 .4mg/L ,线性范围为 5 0mg/L～ 10 0 0mg/L ,回收率为 95 .7%～ 99.8%。实践证明 ,该方法的建立为油田的复合驱油配方设计、注入方案调整、产品质量监控及驱油机理研究等提供了有力的技术支持。     

水中阴离子表面活性剂的吸附分光光度法测定

研究萘基二苯甲烷与阴离子表面活性剂的缔合反应及缔合物在聚合物颗粒表面的吸附及洗脱 ,提出了碱性艳蓝BO分光光度法测定河水中的阴离子表面活性剂 ;碱性艳蓝BO与十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠的缔合物的表观摩尔吸光系数分别为3.76×104、3.63×104、2.15×104L·mol -1·cm -1 ,方法的线性范围为0.0～2.0mg/L,相对标准偏差3.8% (n=8);应用该法测定河水中阴离子表面活性剂含量 ,结果令人满意     

盐酸氯丙嗪作探针二级散射和倍频散射法测定环境水样中某些阴离子表面活性剂

在pH3.0~5.0的HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中,盐酸氯丙嗪与十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠和十二烷基硫酸钠等阴离子表面活性剂反应形成离子缔合物时,仅能引起吸收光谱和荧光光谱的微小变化,但却能导致二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)的显著增强。最大SOS峰均在552nm附近,最大FDS峰均在390nm附近。其中SOS法灵敏度更高,它对十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠和十二烷基磺酸钠的检出限分别为0.047、0.106和0.117mg/L,而其线性范围分别为0.2~12、0.4~15和0.4~20.0mg/L。研究了反应产物的吸收、荧光、SOS和FDS光谱特征、适宜的反应条件及分析化学性质,据此发展了一种用SOS技术灵敏、简便、快速测定阴离子表面活性剂的环境友好型新方法。     

Flow injection spectrophotometric determination of anionic surfactants using methyl orange as chromogenic reagent

A flow injection(FI) spectrophotometric method for the determination of anionic surfactants was developed on the basis of the competition for the cationic surfactant cetyl pyridine (CP+) chloride between the acidic dye methyl orange (MO) and anionic surfactants. In a pH 5.0 medium the cation of cetyl pyridine (CP+) reacts with dissociated methyl orange (MO-) to form an ion-associate complex, causing a blue shift of lambda(max) from 465 nm for MO- to 358 nm for the CP+ x MO- associate. The MO- in the ion-associate complex can be quantitatively substituted by such anionic surfactants as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBS) or sodium lauryl sulfate (LS), leading to an increase in the absorbance measured at 465 nm. This increased absorbance value is proportional to the concentration of anionic surfactants. Various chemical and physical parameters for the FI spectrophotometric method were optimized, and interference-free levels were examined. At the optimized conditions, Beer's law was obeyed in the range 1.4 approximately 25 mg/L sodium DBS for an injected sample volume of 180 microL, and a detection limit of 0.22 mg/L for sodium DBS was achieved at a sampling rate of 90 h(-1). Eleven determinations of a 16 mg/L sodium DBS solution gave a RSD of 0.4%. The proposed method has successfully been applied to the determination of anionic surfactant concentration in waste water and in detergents.     

流动注射在线萃取荧光法测定痕量阴离子表面活性剂

报道了痕量阴离子表面活性剂的流动注射在线萃取荧光分析方法．该方法测定的线性范围为 ０．０１～０． ２０ ｍｇ／Ｌ；进样频率为 ２０样／ｈ．应用本法测定了水样中痕量阴离子表面活性剂，得到了满意的结果．     

Photometric determination of anionic surfactants with a flow-injection analyzer that includes a chromatomembrane cell for sample preconcentration by liquid-liquid solvent extraction

Chromatomembrane cells proved to be applicable to flow-injection analysis whenever computer-operated manifolds for liquid-liquid or liquid-gas extraction procedures were required. Proceeding in accordance with the Methylene Blue method the determination of anionic surfactants was studied by applying the chromatomembrane cell for preconcentration and extraction of the ion-pair complex being formed. Spectrophotometric detection at 650 nm was made possible by using a flowthrough cell within a range of 0.02-5.0 mg dodecylsulfate per liter of water. The absorbance was found to respond proportionally to the product of preconcentration time and surfactant concentration, its slope factor being calculated with +/- 3% standard deviation. A mechanism for the preconcentration cycle inside the cell is suggested.     

表面活性剂双水相界面性质的研究

表面活性剂双水相是指正、负离子表面活性剂混合水溶液在一定浓度及混合比 范围内，自发分离形成的两个互不相溶的水相。前文报道了将其作为一种新型萃取 体系，用于生物活性物质的分离。目前有关其相行为、化学物质和生物大分子的分 配方面已有较多研究，但未见两相之间界面化学性质研究的报道。表面活性剂双水 相的形成是一种奇特的相分离现象，两个稀水溶液（含水量可高达99%以上）互不 相溶、平衡共存，其界面结构和界面张力必有其特殊性。     

X-ray fluorescence spectrometric determination of sulfur-containing anionic surfactants in water after their enrichment on a membrane filter as an ion-pair complex with a cationic surfactant.

Anionic surfactants containing sulfur in their structure were enriched on a mixed cellulose ester membrane filter (MF) by filtration as an ion-pair complex with a cationic surfactant. After their enrichment, the anionic surfactants were determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry of the sulfur enriched on the MF. A linear calibration was obtained over a concentration range from 0.05 to 0.8 mg L(-1) of sodium dodecyl sulfate as a standard material with less than 6% RSD. The detection limit based on 3s for the reagent blank was 2 microg L(-1). This method is very simple, rapid and highly selective for sulfur-containing surfactants, and does not require any organic solvent extraction. This method was applied to the determination of anionic surfactant in some urban river waters where domestic wastewater was discharged. The results were compared with those obtained by conventional solvent extraction-spectrophotometry. The distribution of the analyte complexes within the MF where the ion-pair was retained is also discussed.     

High-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection of trichloroethene and aromatic and aliphatic anionic surfactants used for surfactant-enhanced aquifer remediation

A method utilizing direct aqueous injection with high-performance liquid chromatography and diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) is presented for the quantitation determination of trichloroethene (TCE) in the presence of anionic surfactants that are used to enhance the recovery of dense non-aqueous phase liquids from contaminated groundwater aquifers. The anionic surfactants investigated in this study including alkyl diphenyloxide disulfonate (Dowfax 8390) and dihexylsulfosuccinate (Aerosol MA 80-1) are used to enhance the solubility, and hence recovery, of TCE. In this type of environmental engineering application, the levels of surfactants and TCE encountered are very high (part per million to part per thousand). The anionic surfactants and TCE are quantitatively determined by direct aqueous injection onto a reversed-phase HPLC column with diode array detection. The quantitation limits of the method obtained using 100 microl injections are 0.1 mg/l for alkyl diphenyloxide disulfonates, 20 mg/l for dihexylsulfosuccinate, and 0.05 mg/l for TCE. This approach is advantageous over using gas chromatography for TCE and HPLC for the surfactants because the use of a single analytical instrument reduces sample preparation and analysis times, which increases sample throughput.     

New phase separator for extraction-spectrophotometric determination of anionic surfactants with Malachite Green by flow injection analysis

A simple flow injection spectrophotometric method for the determination of anionic surfactants in river water was studied. A three-channel flow system was assembled. The distilled water as a carrier and 5x10(-5) mol l(-1) Malachite Green (MG) dissolved in 0.1 mol l(-1) CH(3)COONa-CH(3)COOH buffer solution (pH 5) were delivered at 1.94 ml min(-1). The mixed solvent (toluene+methylisobutyl ketone (MIBK)=1+1) was pumped at 0.78 ml min(-1). Other conditions were the extraction coil 0.5 mm i.d.x3 m, the reaction temperature 20 degrees C and the sample size 200 mul. The calibration graph was linear in the range 0.1-0.4 ppm at 626 nm. The detection limit (S/N=3) was 18 ppb and a sample frequency of 20 h(-1) was attained. The relative standard deviation (n=7) for 0.4 ppm standard sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) solutions was 1.1%. And also, new phase separator with a convenient connector was designed. This Fl method was applied to the determination of anionic surfactants in river water.     

Optical sensor of anionic surfactants using solid-phase extraction with a lactone-form rhodamine B membrane.

An optical sensor for the detection of anionic surfactants was developed. The optical sensing membrane is a 2-nitrophenyloctyl ether-plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane incorporating a lactone-form Rhodamine B (L-RB). The response of the optical membrane to anionic surfactants was a result of the ion-pair coextraction of an anionic surfactant and a proton into the PVC membrane. The L-RB forms an ion associate with the extracted anionic surfactant; simultaneously, the formed L-RB ion associate is accompanied by a spectral change. Namely, the extracted anionic surfactant changes the color of the membrane from light pink to dark pink (absorption maximum; 558 nm). The optical membrane responds to anionic surfactants, such as dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dodecylsulfate and di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate in the concentration range from 1 to 50 microM.     

空气辅助分散液液微萃取-数字成像比色法检测水体中阴离子表面活性剂

建立空气辅助分散液液微萃取-数字成像比色法快速检测水环境中阴离子表面活性剂(LAS)的方法。优化选择了空气辅助分散液液微萃取过程中萃取剂种类及其含量、萃取次数以及比色法定量的参数。实验结果表明,LAS的质量浓度在0.10~0.80 mg/L范围内与分析信号值具有良好的线性关系,检出限为0.01 mg/L。测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.0%~3.3%(n=10),加标回收率为95.7%~99.5%。该方法操作简便,灵敏度高,大大降低了有机萃取剂的使用,可快速检测水环境中LAS的含量。