Er3+/Yb3+共掺的氧化镧钇透明陶瓷的光谱性能研究

采用传统无压烧结工艺制备了Yb3+/Er3+共掺的氧化镧钇透明陶瓷并对其光谱性能进行了研究.样品具有较大的吸收和发射截面.La2O3的添加使样品的荧光寿命(τs)与玻璃接近,当Yb3+和Er3+的掺杂量分别为5at%和0.5at%时,测得τs=9.65 ms.这种荧光寿命长、发射截面大和线宽窄的特性有利于微型、可集成化和大功率激光输出的实现.     

碱金属和碱土金属氟化物对掺Er3+氟磷酸盐玻璃光谱性质的影响

研究了碱金属和碱土金属离子修饰的掺Er3+氟磷酸盐玻璃的光谱性质,讨论了碱金属和碱土金属对铒氟磷玻璃的吸收和发射截面、荧光半高宽,Judd-Ofelt强度参数和上转换发光强度等光谱性质的影响,并与一些传统氧化物玻璃系统进行了比较.研究表明碱金属K+和碱土金属Sr2+掺杂高的玻璃更适宜用作光放大器基质.含12mol%K+的氟磷玻璃展现出7.83×10-21cm2的高发射截面和最小的荧光上转换强度;含23mol%Sr2+的氟磷玻璃则有7.58×10-21cm2的高发射截面、65nm的荧光半高宽及8.6ms的长的上能级荧光寿命.     

重金属碲酸盐玻璃中Ho~(3+)的红外辐射特性

制备了高折射率Ho3+单掺和Ho3+/Yb3+共掺低声子能量重金属碲酸盐玻璃.根据Judd-Ofelt理论对吸收光谱进行拟合,求得Ho3+强度参数Ωt(t=2,4,6)分别为4.373×10-20,1.906×10-20和1.451×10-20cm2,并进一步计算了Ho3+在红外区各能级跃迁的振子强度、自发辐射跃迁概率、辐射寿命和荧光分支比等光谱参数.982 nm激发下,铋碲酸盐玻璃中Yb3+直接敏化Ho3+,在红外区产生有效红外发射.Ho3+吸收与发射截面在1.95和2.05μm处分别高达5.63×10-21和6.24×10-21cm2,大于Ho3+掺杂磷酸盐和氟化物玻璃,这有利于降低激光抽运阈值,实现高效Ho3+激光输出.较低的声子能量和较大的发射截面表明,Ho3+/Yb3+共掺杂铋碲酸盐玻璃有望成为良好的红外激光工作物质.     

Yb~(3+)掺杂磷酸盐玻璃光纤与1.06μm单频激光器的研制

超短线性腔是实现单频激光稳定输出的最简单的结构,针对石英玻璃光纤掺杂离子浓度低、输出功率小的缺点,选择对稀土离子具有较高溶解度的磷酸盐玻璃作为增益介质,研究了Yb3+掺杂磷酸盐玻璃(P2O5-B2O3-K2O-BaO-Al2O3-Nb2O5-Sb2O3)的光谱特性,解决了Yb2O3高浓度掺杂和提高Yb3+荧光寿命的问题。实验表明磷酸盐玻璃对Yb2O3溶解度摩尔分数可达6%(质量分数为15.5%);通过除水技术,Yb3+离子2F5/2能级的寿命达到1.84 ms。在此基础上采用管棒法拉制出了磷酸盐玻璃单模光纤,通过光栅选频,利用1.4 cm光纤实现了中心波长1063.5 nm,功率51.6 mW的单频激光输出。     

Er~(3+)/Yb~(3+)共掺杂磷酸盐微晶玻璃的光谱性质

采用高温熔融法生长了Er3+/Yb3+共掺杂的磷酸盐微晶玻璃,测量了微晶玻璃室温下的吸收光谱。由此吸收谱,根据Judd-O felt理论,计算了Er3+/Yb3+共掺杂磷酸盐微晶玻璃的强度参数、自发辐射几率、荧光分支比等光谱参数,得到了吸收截面曲线,并根据M cCumber理论得到1 540 nm附近的积分发射截面。样品的强度参数为Ω2=6.33×10-20cm2,Ω4=1.41×10-20cm2,Ω6=1.09×10-20cm2。1 540 nm对应的积分发射截面峰值为1.8×10-20cm2。另外,还测量了Er3+/Yb3+共掺杂磷酸盐微晶玻璃在980 nm激发下的上转换光谱,讨论了Er3+/Yb3+共掺杂磷酸盐微晶玻璃的上转换发光和能量传递过程。     

Er3+单掺及Yb3+/Er3+双掺LaLiP4O12玻璃光谱性质研究

制备了Er3 +单掺杂及Yb3+/Er3+双掺杂四磷酸盐玻璃 ,测量了吸收光谱、荧光光谱 ,用McCumber理论计算Er3 +的发射截面 ,研究了其荧光特性、浓度猝灭及其机制、以及OH基对荧光强度和能量传递的影响 ,研究发现对四磷酸盐玻璃Yb3+的最佳浓度约为 1.82× 10 2 1ions/cm3,Er3+最佳浓度约为 0 .96× 10 2 0 ions/cm3。     

掺镱TeO2-Al2O3-Cs2O玻璃的光谱性质

采用熔融法制备了一种组分为80TeO2-10Al2O3-10Cs2O-xYb2O3(x=0～1.6)(mol%)的掺镱碲酸盐玻璃材料,测试了该玻璃材料的密度、热膨胀系数和折射率随波长的变化关系,分析了其吸收光谱、荧光光谱和荧光寿命随Yb3+浓度的变化性质.利用McCumber理论计算了该玻璃系统中Yb3+离子从2F5/2到2F7/2能级跃迁的受激发射截面.实验表明:当Yb2O3掺杂量为1mol%时,Yb3+在1 004nm波长处的发射截面为1.06×10-20 cm2,荧光有效线宽为89.6nm,荧光寿命达到最大值为0.80ms.激光性能评价结果表明,该掺镱碲酸盐玻璃是实现超短脉冲激光的候选材料之一.     

Yb3+掺杂硅酸盐玻璃的制备及光谱性质

采用高温熔融工艺制备了Yb3 掺杂硅酸盐玻璃.玻璃的非线性折射率n2小(1.62),转变温度和软化温度低(分别为540℃和585℃).测试了玻璃的吸收光谱和发射光谱,计算了Yb3 的积分吸收截面和受激发射截面及荧光寿命.吸收光谱曲线表明:吸收区域为850～1 100 nm,主峰位于975 nm,次峰位于908和944 nm;荧光光谱曲线表明:中心峰值为1 010 nm,荧光线宽为65.5 nm.积分吸收截面和受激发射截面及荧光寿命分别为3.44×104 pm3,0.710 pm2,1.05 ms.玻璃的常规性能测试和光谱特性研究表明,所制备的玻璃材料能够满足激光玻璃的使用要求.     

Yb3+掺杂KY(WO4)2激光晶体生长、结构与光谱分析

采用顶部籽晶提拉法(TSSG)生长出Yb:KY(WO4)2(Yb:KYW)激光晶体.对预烧后的原料及晶体进行了XRD分析,结果表明,分别在920℃和600℃预烧8h后的熔质和助熔剂基本上形成一相,抑止了实验中的挥发问题;所生长的晶体为β-Yb:KYW,计算其晶格常数为a=1.063nm,b=1.034nm,c=0.755nm,β=130.75°.测得不同厚度样品的吸收光谱,结果表明样品在933nm和981nm有较强的吸收峰,计算出主峰981nm的吸收截面σabs=5.34×10-20cm2.测得样品的荧光光谱,计算出主峰1030nm受激发射截面σem=3.1×10-20cm2,并估算其荧光寿命为0.56ms,与实测值0.60ms吻合.计算出激发态最小粒子数(β)、饱和抽运强度(Isat)和最小抽运强度(Imin),通过与其他掺Yb3+晶体比较,结果表明Yb:KYW晶体的Imin(0.24kW/cm2)很小.     

掺镱氟磷酸钙晶体实现激光连续运转

掺镱类激光晶体由于具有大的受激发射截面和长的上能级寿命 ,近年来被人们普遍看好为未来激光惯性约束核聚变研究所需要的首选激光材料。掺镱的氟磷酸钙 [Yb:Ca5( PO4) 3F,简称 Yb:FAP]晶体的发射截面为 5 .9× 1 0 - 2 0 cm2 ,上能级寿命为 1 .0 8ms,因此特别适合作高能量激光增益介质。最近我们采用中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所新生长的高质量Yb:FAP晶体 ,首次在国内实现了连续激光输出。实验中采用的晶体尺寸为 5 mm× 5 mm×1 0 mm,Yb离子的实际掺杂的原子数分数为 1 .3%。考虑到 Yb:FAP晶体的吸收特性和发射特性 ,我们在…     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.