Duality in manifolds

Summary For the purpose of presenting general Alexander-duality-theorems (§7), strong-shape-homology _* and cohomology _* with coefficients in an arbitrary spectrum E turns out to be the appropriate implement. Therefore the main properties of _* and _* are (analogously to those of ordinary (co-) homology with coefficients in E) developed (§§3-5). In order to be able to perform the necessary constructions, strong-shape-theory and in particular two different kinds of smash-products in this shape-category are treated (§§1,2, appendix). All previously known Alexander-duality theorems appear as special cases of the main theorems of this paper (§8).     

Duality theory in multiobjective programming

In this paper, a multiobjective programming problem is considered as that of finding the set of all nondominated solutions with respect to the given domination cone. Two point-to-set maps, the primal map and the dual map, and the vector-valued Lagrangian function are defined, corresponding to the case of a scalar optimization problem. The Lagrange multiplier theorem, the saddle-point theorem, and the duality theorem are derived by using the properties of these maps under adequate convexity assumptions and regularity conditions.     

Hopf cyclic cohomology and Hodge theory for proper actions on complex manifolds

We introduce two Hopf algebroids associated to a proper and holomorphic Lie group action on a complex manifold. We prove that the cyclic cohomology of each Hopf algebroid is equal to the Dolbeault cohomology of invariant differential forms. When the action is cocompact, we develop a generalized complex Hodge theory for the Dolbeault cohomology of invariant differential forms. We prove that every cyclic cohomology class of these two Hopf algebroids can be represented by a generalized harmonic form. This implies that the space of cyclic cohomology of each Hopf algebroid is finite dimensional. As an application of the techniques developed in this paper, we generalize the Serre duality and prove a Kodaira type vanishing theorem.     

Duality in hypercomplex function theory

Let $\text{A}$ be the Clifford algebra constructed over a quadratic n-dimensional real vector space with orthogonal basis {e₁,…, e_n}, and e₀ be the identity of $\text{A}$. Furthermore, let M_k(Ω;$\text{A}$) be the set of $\text{A}$-valued functions defined in an open subset Ω of R^m+1 (1 ? m ? n) which satisfy D^kf = 0 in Ω, where D is the generalized Cauchy-Riemann operator $\text{D = ∑}{}_{\mathrm{i\; =\; 0}}{}^{\mathrm{m}}\text{e}{}_{\mathrm{i}}\text{(}\text{?}\text{?x}{}_{\mathrm{i}}\text{)}$ and k? N. The aim of this paper is to characterize the dual and bidual of M_k(Ω;$\text{A}$). It is proved that, if M_k(Ω;$\text{A}$) is provided with the topology of uniform compact convergence, then its strong dual is topologically isomorphic to an inductive limit space of Fréchet modules, which in its turn admits M_k(Ω;$\text{A}$) as its dual. In this way, classical results about the spaces of holomorphic functions and analytic functionals are generalized.     

The intersection form of the result of gluing manifolds with degenerate intersection forms

It is proved that the intersection form of the result of gluing together two compact oriented 4k-dimensional manifolds along their boundaries can be (noncanonically) represented as the direct sum of a split form, whose rank is determined by the images of the inclusions of the free parts of the middle homology groups of the boundaries, and a form which is the result of gluing together nondegenerate parts of the intersection forms of the initial manifolds. Bibliography: 6 titles. Translated fromZapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 231, 1995, pp. 169–179. Translated by O. A. Ivanov and N. Yu. Netsvetaev.     

Duality in complex Clifford analysis

The aim of this paper is to characterize the dual and bidual of complex Clifford modules of holomorphic functions which are defined over domains in $\text{C}$^{n + 1} and satisfy generalized Cauchy-Riemann equations. In one instance the generalized Cauchy-Riemann equation reduces to a holomorphic extension of Maxwell's equations in vacuo.     

Duality in non-additive expected utility theory

Some duality problems in expected utility theory, raised by the introduction of non-additive probabilities, are examined. These problems do not arise if the probability measure is symmetric; i.e. has the property of complementary additivity. Additional, mild properties of coherence of conditional probabilities imply full additivity of the unconditional measure.     

Twistor theory and Blaschke manifolds

Using the twistor theory on quaternionic Kaehler manifolds and some recent results on Blaschke manifolds and compact manifolds whose holonomy group is Spin (7), we prove that a Blaschke manifold of nonnegative scalar curvature whose holonomy group is exceptional is isometric to a projective space.