离子液体[bmim]Cl/AlCl_3催化5-氰基吲哚酰化反应

5-氰基吲哚与4-氯丁酰氯之间的傅-克酰化反应使用路易斯酸之类的催化剂(如AlCl3、FeCl3),反应产物复杂,无法分离出期望的产物5-氰基-3-(4-氯丁酰基)吲哚。在离子液体[bmim]Cl/AlCl3中,进行5-氰基吲哚与4-氯丁酰氯间的傅-克酰化反应,则反应的主产物是5-氰基-3-(4-氯丁酰基)吲哚,产物结构通过质谱与核磁共振氢谱表征。考察了[bmim]Cl/AlCl3中AlCl3与[bmim]Cl间的摩尔比以及[bmim]Cl/AlCl3与5-氰基吲哚的摩尔比对该酰化反应的影响。结果表明,当n(AlCl3)∶n([bmim]Cl)=2.5∶1,n([bmim]Cl/AlCl3)∶n(5-氰基吲哚)=2∶1,室温下反应24 h,最大产率71.7%。     

Ultrasound‐Assisted One‐Pot Synthesis of Octahydroquinazolinone Derivatives Catalyzed by Acidic Ionic Liquid [Tbmim]Cl2/AlCl3

Acidic ionic liquid [tbmim]Cl₂/AlCl₃ catalysed an efficient synthesis of octahydroquinazolinone derivatives under ultrasound‐irradiation. This method provides several advantages such as environment benign, high yields and simple work‐up procedure.     

Tetraazadibora[3, 3]paracyclophane

Starting from the para‐phenylenediamine derivative HN(SiMe₃)‐C₆H₄‐NH(SiMe₃), a lithiation and subsequent borylation give [(MeO)₂B]N(SiMe₃)‐C₆H₄‐N(SiMe₃)[B(OMe)₂] ( 1 ), the hydridation of which yields Li₂[(H₃B)N(SiMe₃)‐C₆H₄‐N(SiMe₃)(BH₃)] ( 2 ). Applying ZrCl₄ upon 2 initiates a condensation to give the title compound [‐N(SiMe₃)‐p‐C₆H₄‐N(SiMe₃)‐BH‐]₂, a hetero[3, 3]paracyclophane with two N‐B‐N chains that connect the para‐phenylene units. The product 3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2₁2₁2₁.     

[BIm]Cl/CuCl离子液体脱除MTBE中硫醇机制及性能研究

以N-丁基咪唑、HCl和CuCl为原料两步法合成了离子液体[BIm]Cl/CuCl,并用傅里叶变换红外光谱FT-IR和傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱FT-ICR MS对其结构进行表征。采用差热扫描量热仪DSC、FT-IR以及紫外可见光谱UV-vis对吸附硫醇的[BIm]Cl/CuCl进行分析,讨论了[BIm]Cl/CuCl吸附硫醇的作用机制。以[BIm]Cl/CuCl为吸附剂,采用吸附蒸馏工艺脱除MTBE中的硫化物,MTBE硫含量可降低至5 μg/g以下,吸附剂进行多次循环使用且脱硫效果无明显降低。     

细胞色素c在羟基磷灰石修饰玻碳电极上的直接电化学

采用沉淀法合成羟基磷灰石纳米晶体，由于具有独特的多吸附位点特征，羟基磷灰石可作为一种新型电子传递促进剂用于细胞色素c的直接电化学研究．在pH7．0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中，细胞色素c在羟基磷灰石修饰玻碳电极表面于0．074V(vs．Ag/AgC1)处有一对准可逆的氧化还原峰，为细胞色素c血红素辅基Fe(Ⅲ)／Fe(Ⅱ)电对的特征峰．实验结果表明细胞色素c与羟基磷灰石之间的静电作用．促进了细胞色素c在玻碳电极表面扩散控制的准可逆单电子转移过程．讨论了电位扫描速度、溶液离子强度对细胞色素c直接电化学的影响．     

Direct Electrochemistry of Cytochrome c on EDTA-ZrO_2 Organic-inorganic Hybrid Film Modified Electrodes

Introduction Cytochrome c (cyt c) is probably the most thor-oughly studied redox protein. It contains one Fe(III) redox center located in a haem unit which is approxi-mately spherical shape with 3.4 nm diameter and 12384 Dalton molecular weight. On metal electrode surfaces it usually shows a short lived, transient response. Many factors can impede direct electron transfer between electrodes and cyt. c, including adsorption onto elec-trode surfaces of macromolecular species (impurities) or de…     

[BMIM]Cl Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of α‐Aminophosphonate Derivatives Containing a 4‐Phenoxyquinazoline Moiety under Microwave Irradiation

[BMIM]Cl catalyzed three component Mannich‐type reaction of 4‐(quinazolin‐4‐yloxy)benzenamine and aldehyde with dialkyl phosphite under microwave irradiation has been described. The salient features of the reaction leading to new α‐aminophosphonates include shorter reaction time and good yields. The method is environmentally friendly and does not require toxic catalysts or solvents. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report for [BMIM]Cl induced one‐pot synthesis of α‐aminophosphonate derivatives.     

细胞色素c在植物凝胶-离子液体复合膜修饰电极上的直接电化学

用植物凝胶（GG）和亲水性离子液体（ILs）氯化1-庚基-3-甲基咪唑（[HMIM]Cl）制得一种有效的复合膜（GG-ILs）.将细胞色素c（Cyt c）包埋在该复合膜中并修饰于玻碳电极（GCE）表面,构置了细胞色素c修饰玻碳电极（GG-Cyt c-ILs/GCE）.紫外-可见光谱表明,复合膜内的Cyt c仍保持其原始...     

Construction and investigation of photo-switch property of azobenzene-bridged pillar[5]arene-based [3]rotaxanes

Series of azobenzene-bridged pillar[5]arene-based [3]rotaxanes with different alkyl chain length of guest molecules were constructed by threading-endcapping method with alkylenetriazole as axile and tetrahydrochromene as endcapping group.The encapsulation of pillar[5]arenes were proved by highresolution mass,¹ H NMR and NOESY spectra.The photo-responsive property were examined by irradiation of the synthesized [3]rotaxanes with 365 nm and blue light LED,which caused trans to cis and cis to trans isomerization,respectively.Irradiation of corresponding model guest compounds without pillar[5]arene encapsulation resulted in near completely trans to cis and cis to trans isomerization,indicating the existence of pillar[5]arenes is the determining factor for the comprised photo isomerization efficiency.     

乙酸酐促进的[3+3]环化反应合成2-喹啉酮衍生物

2-喹啉酮结构单元广泛存在于天然产物和药物活性分子中,并且是重要的杂环合成砌块.建立了一种乙酸酐促进下,环状β-烯胺酮和丙二酸通过[3+3]环合反应构建2-喹啉酮化合物的新方法,产率为70％～87％.该方法具有原料简单易得、操作简便、路线简洁、目标化合物可修饰性强等优点.     

Sm3Cl[SiO4]2: Ein chlorarmes Chloridorthosilicat des Samariums

Sm₃Cl[SiO₄]₂: A Chlorine‐poor Chloride Orthosilicate of Samarium Pale yellow, plate‐like single crystals of Sm₃Cl[SiO₄]₂ (orthorhombic, Pnma; a = 701.74(8), b = 1800.8(2), c = 626.63(7) pm; Z = 4) are obtained upon the reaction of SmCl₃, Sm₂O₃ and SiO₂ (”︁Kieselgel”︁”︁) in 1 : 4 : 6 molar ratios, most advantageously in the presence of substantial amounts of NaCl as fluxing agent, after seven days at 850 °C in evacuated silica ampoules. The B‐type crystal structure (isotypic with e. g. Yb₃Cl[SiO₄]₂) contains discrete orthosilicate tetrahedra [SiO₄]^4– which form anionic double layers ({(Sm1)₂[SiO₄]₂}^2–) with (Sm1)³⁺. These are alternatingly sheethed along [010] with cationic monolayers ({(Sm2)Cl}²⁺) consisting of (Sm2)³⁺ and Cl^–. Both crystallographically independent Sm³⁺ cations exhibit coordination numbers of eight (Sm1: 1 Cl + 7 O; Sm2: 2 Cl + 6 O) with respect to the involved electronegative particles.     

Synthese,Eigenschaften und Struktur von oktamerem Titanimidchlorid [Ti(NSiMe3)Cl2]8

Synthesis, Properties, and Structure of Octameric Titanium Imide Chloride [Ti(NSiMe₃)Cl₂]₈ The reaction of TiCl₄ with N(SiMe₃)₃ in sealed glas-tubes yields the titanium imide chloride [Ti(NSiMe₃)Cl₂]₈ ( 1 ). It crystallizes in the space group C2/c with a = 2 704.5(4), b = 1 303.9(1), c = 2 205.4(2) pm, β = 112.78(1)°, Z = 4. In 1 six Ti atoms are linked together by chloro and trimethylsilylimido bridges to form a ring structure. Two TiCl₂-groups are bound in addition to the ring by two imido bridges. Upon annealing at 250°C 1 transformes to the isomeric polymer [Ti(NSiMe₃)Cl₂]_n. Above 250°C 1 decomposes under separation of Me₃SiCl affording TiNCl.     

Das Addukt von BiCl3 mit Mo6Cl12: [BiCl]-Hanteln in der Struktur von [BiCl][Mo6Cl14]

The Adduct of BiCl₃ and Mo₆Cl₁₂: [BiCl] Dumbbells in the Structure of [BiCl][Mo₆Cl₁₄] MoCl₃ reacts under decomposition to MoCl₂ and Cl₂ with BiCl₃ in a sealed evacuated glass ampoule at 550 °C to form light red crystals of [BiCl][Mo₆Cl₁₄]. The crystal structure determination (monoclinic, C 2/c, a = 1268.1(4) pm, b = 1304.6(3) pm, c = 2571.9(8) pm, β = 91.79(3)°, Z = 8) shows that the structure is built of [(Mo₆Cl₈)Cl₆] units containing nearly regular octahedral Mo₆ clusters. These units are arranged in the motiv of a cubic closest packing. The octahedral interstices contain [BiCl] dumbbells with a Bi–Cl bond length of 249 pm. The coordination sphere of the Bi atom is completed by six weaker Bi–Cl-contacts of 275 to 308 pm length to a distorted monocapped trigonal prism. Neglecting the secondary Bi–Cl bonds, the title compound can be formulated as [(BiCl)²⁺][(Mo₆Cl₁₄)^2–].     

Characterization of a 2‐Benzo[c]cinnoline Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode by Raman Spectroscopy,Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy,and Ellipsometry

This work describes the characterization of the grafted 2‐benzo[c]cinnoline (2BCC) molecules at a glassy carbon (GC) electrode surface by voltammetry and spectroscopy. Attachment of the molecule to the carbon substrate was achieved by the electrochemical reduction of 2‐benzo[c]cinnoline diazonium salt (2BCC‐DAS). GC electrode modification was carried out in aprotic solution with 2BCC diazonium salt. Dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA) were used to prove the surface modification to see the blockage of the electron transfer. The presence of 2BCC at the GC electrode surface was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy was used to monitor molecular bound properties of the adsorbates at the 2BCC‐GC surface and confirm the attachment of 2BCC molecules onto the GC surface. The thickness of the 2BCC film on GC was also investigated by ellipsometric measurement.     

血红蛋白和细胞色素c构象去折叠行为研究

利用紫外-可见吸收和荧光光谱法研究了血红蛋白(Hb)与细胞色素c(Cytc)两种血红素蛋白的去折叠行为。采用化学变性剂盐酸胍(GdHCl)和尿素(Urea)诱导两种蛋白构象去折叠,阐述了两种蛋白的去折叠机理。Hb的血红素(Heme)辅基通过与卟啉铁原子和组氨酸配位,与肽链键合的稳定性较差,在3.0 mol/L的盐酸胍作用下即发生解离。而Cyt c的Heme辅基通过卟啉与半胱氨酸形成二硫键呈现较强的稳定性,盐酸胍浓度达到6.0 mol/L也难使其发生解离。该研究为阐释蛋白构象与功能之间的关系提供了重要依据。     

Pillar[5]arene-based [3]rotaxanes: Convenient construction via multicomponent reaction and pH responsive self-assembly in water

Four pillar[5]arene based [3]rotaxanes(1-4) involving two 1,4-diethoxypillar[5]arene(DEP5) rings and a dumbbell-shaped component were successfully synthesized.The dumbbell-shape molecules contain one longer bridge,two triazole sites and two multicomponent stoppers.After threading DEP5 rings with linear guests(G1-G4) which contain two benzaldehyde units,the base catalyzed three-component reaction of dimedone,malononitrile and benzaldehyde was performed to construct the stoppers and connected the pseudorotaxanes with stoppers to generate 1-4.The structures of [3]rotaxanes and their self-assembly behaviors were characterized by ~1 H NMR,~(13)C NMR,NOESY,HR-ESI-MS,DLS and TEM technologies.We hope that pillar[5]arene based [3]rotaxanes may have potential applications in drug delivery systems and molecular devices.     

Modified Coumarins. 5. Amino-Acid Derivatives of 3-Hydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[c]Chromen-6-one

Peptide-chemistry methods (symmetric anhydrides and activated esters) and the Mannich reaction were used to prepare various conjugates of amino acids with 7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[c]chromen-6-one in which the amino acids are bound to the coumarin by the C- or N-terminus.     

Synthesis of Cyano‐Substituted Diaryltetracenes from Tetraaryl[3]cumulenes

A versatile, two‐step synthesis of highly substituted, cyano‐functionalized diaryltetracenes has been developed, starting from easily accessible tetraaryl[3]cumulenes. This unprecedented transformation is initiated by [2+2] cycloaddition of tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) to the proacetylenic central double bond of the cumulenes to give an intermediate zwitterion, which after an electrocyclization cascade and dehydrogenation yields 5,5,11,11‐tetracyano‐5,11‐dihydrotetracenes in a one‐pot procedure. A subsequent copper‐assisted decyanation/aromatization provided the target 5,11‐dicyano‐6,12‐diaryltetracene derivatives. All of the postulated structures were confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. The new chromophores are thermally highly stable and feature promising fluorescence properties for potential use in optoelectronic devices. They are selective chemosensors for Cu^I ions, which coordinate to one of the CN substituents and form a 1:1 complex with an association constant of K_a=1.5×10⁵ L mol^?1 at 298 K.     

One-pot diastereoselective synthesis of tetrahydroepimino-benzo[b]azocines through sequential [3+2]-cycloaddition and Staudinger-aza-Wittig reactions

The one-pot synthesis of tetrahydro-epiminobenzo[b]azocines through a sequential 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and intramolecular Staudinger-aza-Wittig reaction sequence is reported. This methodology provides a new and efficient approach for medium-sized and bridged nitrogen heterocyclic molecules.