Essential Subgroups of group

ＥｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌＳｕｂｇｒｏｕｐｓｏｆｇｒｏｕｐＷ．Ｂ．ＶａｓａｎｔｈａＫａｎｄａｓａｍｙ（ＤｅＦｔ．ｏｆＭａｔｈ．，Ｉｎｄｉａｎｉｎｓｔ．ｏｆＴｅｃｈ．，Ｍａｄｒａｓ－６０００３６，Ｉｎｄｉａ）ＥｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌＳｕｂｇｒｏｕｐｓｏｆｇｒｏｕｐＷ...     

Subgroups of Finite Symmetric Groups

Recent results about primitive permutation groups are surveyed.     

Equicentralizer Subgroups of Sporadic Simple Groups

A subgroup H of a group C is called an equicentralizer subgroup of G if thecentralizers of its nonidentity elements are all equal. We discuss the equicentrali-zer subgroups of sporadic simple groups. Using the orders of centralizers of theelements and the structure of the maximal subgroups, we prove that the equicent-     

Uniform Boundedness of Torsion Subgroups of Linear Groups

The torsion conjecture says： for any abelian variety A defined over a number field k, the order of the torsion subgroup of A（k） is bounded by a constant C（k,d） which depends only on the number field k and the dimension d of the abelian variety. The torsion conjecture remains open in general. However, in this paper, a short argument shows that the conjecture is true for more general fields if we consider linear groups instead of abelian varieties. If G is a connected linear algebraic group defined over a field k which is finitely generated over Q,Г is a torsion subgroup of G（k）. Then the order of Г is bounded by a constant C＇（k, d） which depends only on k and the dimension d of G.     

On F-Abnormal Maximal Subgroups of Finite Groups

For any saturated formation F of finite groups containing all supersolvable groups, the groups in F are characterized by F-abnormal maximal subgroups.     

On θ*-completions of F-abnormal Subgroups

Let F be a saturated formation of finite groups. Given a proper subgroup H of a group G, a subgroup H of G is called F-normal in G if G/HG belongs to F;otherwise H is said to be F-abnormal in G. In this paper, we investigate the structure of a finite group byθ?-completions of F-abnormal subgroups.     

On σ-semipermutable Subgroups of Finite Groups

Let σ = {σ_i|i ∈ I } be some partition of the set of all primes P, G a finite group andσ(G) = {σ_i |σ_i ∩π(G) = ?}. A set H of subgroups of G is said to be a complete Hall σ-set of G if every member = 1 of H is a Hall σ_i-subgroup of G for some σ_i ∈σ and H contains exactly one Hallσ_i-subgroup of G for every σ_i ∈σ(G). A subgroup H of G is said to be: σ-semipermutable in G with respect to H if H H_i~x= H_i~xH for all x ∈ G and all H_i ∈ H such that(|H|, |H_i|) = 1; σ-semipermutable in G if H is σ-semipermutable in G with respect to some complete Hall σ-set of G. We study the structure of G being based on the assumption that some subgroups of G are σ-semipermutable in G.     

Theta Subgroups and the Solvability of FiniteGroups

§１．　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄＤｅｆｉｎｉｔｉｏｎＡｌｌｇｒｏｕｐｓｔｒｅａｔｅｄａｒｅｆｉｎｉｔｅ．Ｉｎ［１］，Ｎ．Ｐ．ＭｕｋｈｅｒｊｅｅａｎｄＰ．Ｂｈａｔｔａｃｈａｒｙａｄｅｆｉｎｅｄｔｈｅｃｏｎｃｅｐｔｏｆθ－ｐａｉｒｓａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄｔｏａｍａｘｉｍａｌｓｕｂｇｒｏｕｐＭｏｆａｇｒｏｕｐＧａｓｆｏｌｌｏｗｓ：ａθ－ｐａｉｒｆｏｒＭｉｓａｎｙｐａｉｒｏｆｓｕｂｇｒｏｕｐｓ（Ｃ，Ｄ）ｏｆＧｓｕｃｈｔｈａｔ（１）ＤＧ，Ｄ＜Ｃ，（２）〈Ｍ，Ｃ〉＝Ｇ，〈Ｍ，Ｄ〉＝Ｍａｎｄ（３）Ｃ／Ｄ…     

Verbal Subgroups of T r (∞, K)

In this note we investigate the verbal subgroups of T _r (∞, K), the group of upper triangular, infinite, row-finite matrices over a field K containing more than two elements. The main result of the work states that every fully invariant subgroup of T _r (∞, K), which is contained in its unitriangular subgroup, coincides with some term of the lower central series of T _r (∞, K). Using this fact, we describe the verbal subgroups of this group. Moreover, we prove some facts concerning the verbal width of T _r (∞, K). In particular, we state that this width is finite.     

On ℳ p -Supplemented Subgroups of Finite Groups

A subgroup H of G is called ? _p -supplemented in G if there exists a subgroup B of G such that G = HB and TB < G for every maximal subgroup T of H with |H: T| =p ^α. In this paper, we investigate the influence of ? _p -supplemented subgroup and some conditions for p-nilpotency and p-supersolvability of finite groups are obtained.     

On Π-Supplemented Subgroups of a Finite Group

A subgroup H of a finite group G is said to satisfy Π-property in G if for every chief factor L/K of G, |G/K: N_G/K(HK/K ∩ L/K)| is a π(HK/K ∩ L/K)-number. A subgroup H of G is called Π-supplemented in G if there exists a subgroup T of G such that G = HT and H ∩ T ≤ I ≤ H, where I satisfies Π-property in G. In this article, we investigate the structure of a finite group G under the assumption that some primary subgroups of G are Π-supplemented in G. The main result we proved improves a large number of earlier results.     

On Weakly ℋ-embedded Subgroups of Finite Groups

Let G be a finite group and H a subgroup of G. We say that H is an ?-subgroup in G if N_G(H) ∩ H^g ≤ H for all g ∈ G; H is called weakly ?-subgroup in G if G has a normal subgroup K such that G = HK and H ∩ K is an ?-subgroup in G. We say that H is weakly ? -embedded in G if G has a normal subgroup K such that H^G = HK and H ∩ K is an ?-subgroup in G. In this paper, we investigate the structure of the finite group G under the assumption that some subgroups of prime power order are weakly ?-embedded in G. Our results improve and generalize several recent results in the literature.     

Subgroups of odd depth—a necessary condition

This paper gives necessary and sufficient conditions for subgroups with trivial core to be of odd depth. We show that a subgroup with trivial core is an odd depth subgroup if and only if certain induced modules from it are faithful. Algebraically this gives a combinatorial condition that has to be satisfied by the subgroups with trivial core in order to be subgroups of a given odd depth. The condition can be expressed as a certain matrix with {0, 1}-entries to have maximal rank. The entries of the matrix correspond to the sizes of the intersections of the subgroup with any of its conjugate.     

Some Properties of Divisible and Pure Fuzzy Subgroups

In [3] F. I. Sidky & M. Atif Mishref introduce the concepts of divisible and pure fuzzy subgroups and prove some of their properties. In this paper we further prove following results: Let f: G→G' be an isomorphism of groups and A' be a divisible (pure) fuzzy subgroup of G' under Min, then f~(-1) (A') is a divisible (pure) fuzzy subgroup of G; Let B be a divisible fuzzy subgroup of divisible subgroup H of group G, G=H(?)H', then there exists a fuzzy subgroup B' of H' such that B+B'=A is a fuzzy subgroup of G; If G is a divisible cyclic group, then G is finite group; If A is a fuzzy subgroup of divisible cyclic group, then A is trivial; suppose group G=G_1×G_2×…×G_m, G_i is a divisible cyclic subgroup of G, i=1, 2, …, m, A is a divsiible (pure) fuzzy subgroup of G under Min, then A is trivial.     

Normal Subgroups of B u Aut(Ω)

Aut(Ω) denotes the group of all order preserving permutations of the totally ordered set Ω, and if e ≤ u ∈ Aut(Ω), then B _u Aut(Ω) denotes the subgroup of all those permutations bounded pointwise by a power of u. It is known that if Aut(Ω) is highly transitive, then Aut(Ω) has just five normal subgroups. We show that if Aut(Ω) is highly transitive and u has just one interval of support, then B _u Aut(Ω) has normal subgroups, and there is a certain ideal of the lattice of subsets of (), the power set of the integers, such that the lattice of normal subgroups of every such Aut(Ω) is isomorphic to . To Bernhard Banaschewski on the occasion of his 80th birthday.     

Subgroups of the Cremona groups: Bass’ problem

A general theorem on the purity of invariant field extensions is proved. Using it, a criterion of rational triangulability of connected solvable affine algebraic subgroups of the Cremona groups is obtained. This criterion is applied for proving the existence of rationally nontriangulable subgroups of the above form and for proving their stable rational triangulability. The latter property answers in the affirmative Bass’ Triangulability Problem in the stable range. A general construction of all rationally triangulable connected solvable affine algebraic subgroups of the Cremona groups is obtained. As an application, a classification of all rationally triangulable connected one-dimensional unipotent affine algebraic subgroups of the Cremona groups up to conjugacy is given.     

Explicit Determination of Torsion Subgroups of Elliptic Curves Over Multi-Quadratic Fields

LotKbeanalgebraicnUmberfield,EanellipticcurveoverK.Thewell-knownMordelLWeiltheOemassertsthattheK-rationalpointsE(K)ofEisafinitelygeneratedabeliangroup(MordelgrouP):E(K)2E(K)torsxZ,whereE(K)torsisthetorsionsubgroup,ristherank(anonnegativeinteger),Zistheadditivegroupofrationalintegers.TheaboveisomorphismsometimesisaIsowrittellasequality:E(K)=E(K)torsxZ".TherearemanyliteraturesstudyingthetorsionsubgrouPE(K)tors'EspeciallyL.Merelrecenilyprovedthe"uniformb0undednessconjecture":F0ranyp…     

On Φ-τ-Supplement Subgroups of Finite Groups

Let τ be a subgroup functor and H a p-subgroup of a finite group G. Let G= G/H_G and H= H/H_G. We say that H is Φ-τ-supplement in G if G has a subnormal subgroup T and a τ-subgroup S contained in H such that G=H T and H∩T≤SΦ(H). In this paper,some new characterizations of hypercyclically embedability and p-nilpotency of a finite group are obtained based on the assumption that some primary subgroups are Φ-τ-supplement in G.     

On Subgroups and Quotient Groups of L-fuzzy Topological Groups

In paper [1], it gave the concept and basic properties of L-fuzzy topological groups. This paper will enter the concept of quotient groups of L-fuzzy topological groups and will prove some properties of subgroups and quotient groups. The persent work is the continuation of [1] and hence all the conventions in [1] still hold good in the present paper.