Irreducible Numerical Semigroups Having Toms Decomposition

In this article we prove that if S is an irreducible numerical semigroup and S is generated by an interval or S has multiplicity 3 or 4, then it enjoys Toms decomposition. We also prove that if a numerical semigroup can be expressed as an expansion of a numerical semigroup generated by an interval, then it is irreducible and has Toms decomposition.     

Fundamental Gaps in Numerical Semigroups with Respect to Their Multiplicity

For a numerical semigroup, we introduce the concept of a fundamental gap with respect tothe multiplicity of the semigroup.The semigroup is fully determined by its multiplicity and these gaps.We study the case when a set of non-negative integers is the set of fundamental gaps with respect to themultiplicity of a numerical semigroup.Numerical semigroups with maximum and mininmm number ofthis kind of gaps are described.     

Fundamental Gaps in Numerical Semigroups with Respect to Their Multiplicity

For a numerical semigroup, we introduce the concept of a fundamental gap with respect to the multiplicity of the semigroup. The semigroup is fully determined by its multiplicity and these gaps.We study the case when a set of non-negative integers is the set of fundamental gaps with respect to the multiplicity of a numerical semigroup, Numerical semigroups with maximum and minimum number of this kind of gaps are described.     

Apery Sets of Numerical Semigroups #

Let S be a numerical semigroup. We examine a particular subset of the Apery set of S and establish a correspondence between this subset and the holes of S . This correspondence allows us to establish conditions for S to be almost symmetric.     

关于半环半群

This paper characterizes the multiplication operator semigroup of semiring semigroup by using the tensor product of semigroups, and by using the endomorphism semigroup, and considers some properties of the multiplication operator semigroup of semiring semigroup.     

右逆半群上的偏序关系

It is well known that there exists the smallest inverse semigroup congruence on an orthodox semigroup. We denote by Y the smallest inverse semigroup congruence on an orthodox semigroup. Let S be a fight inverse semigroup. We construct partial orders on S by some kind of its subsemigroups and uncover that partial orders on S have close contact with partial orders on S/Y.     

完全单半群及完全正则半群的逆断面

指出完全单半群Ｓ的任何一个Ｆ－类是逆断面,且为Ｑ－逆断面,而Ｓ的任何一个逆断面必是一个Ｆ－类,因而所有逆断面同构。并且给出完全正则半群的逆断面存在的充要条件。     

Split Left GC-Lpp Semigroups

A left GC-lpp semigroup S is called split if the natural homomorphism γb of S onto S/γ induced by γ is split.It is proved that a left GC-lpp semigroup is split if and only if it has a left adequate transversal.In particular,a construction theorem for split left GC-lpp semigroups is established.     

Densities of maximal embedding dimension numerical semigroups

We define the density of a numerical semigroup and study the densities of all the maximal embedding dimension numerical semigroups with a fixed Frobenius number, as well as the possible Frobenius number for a fixed density. We also prove that for a given possible density, in the sense of Wilf’s conjecture, one can find a maximal embedding dimension numerical semigroup with that density.     

Numerical Semigroups with a Monotonic Apery Set

We study numerical semigroups S with the property that if m is the multiplicity of S and w(i) is the least element of S congruent with i modulo m, then 0 < w(1) < ... < w(m − 1). The set of numerical semigroups with this property and fixed multiplicity is bijective with an affine semigroup and consequently it can be described by a finite set of parameters. Invariants like the gender, type, embedding dimension and Frobenius number are computed for several families of this kind of numerical semigroups. This paper was supported by the project BFM2000-1469. The fourth author wishes to acknowledge support from the Universidade de Evora and the CIMA-UE.     

矩阵逆半群

讨论矩阵逆半群的一些基本性质, 证明矩阵逆半群的幂等元集是有限布尔格的子半格, 从而证明等秩矩阵逆半群是群, 然后完全确定二级矩阵逆半群的结构：一个二级矩阵逆半群或者同构于二级线性群,或者同构于二级线性群添加一个零元素,或者是交换线性群的有限半格, 或者满足其他一些性质; 对于由某些二级矩阵构成的集合, 我们给出了它们成为矩阵逆半群的充分必要条件.     

可分裂的左GC-lpp半群

A left GC-lpp semigroup S is called split if the natural homomorphism γb of S onto S/γ induced by γ is split.It is proved that a left GC-lpp semigroup is split if and only if it has a left adequate transversal.In particular,a construction theorem for split left GC-lpp semigroups is established.     

The Full Transformation Semigroups of Finite Rank are Amalgamation Bases for Finite Semigroups

In this article, we prove that the full transformation semigroup on a finite set is an amalgamation base for finite semigroups.     

Globals of Idempotent Semigroups

If S is a semigroup, the global (or the power semigroup) of S is the set P(S) of all nonempty subsets of S equipped with a naturally defined multiplication. A class K of semigroups is globally determined if any two semigroups of K with isomorphic globals are themselves isomorphic. We study properties of globals of idempotent semigroups and show, in particular, that the class of normal bands is globally determined.     

E-special Ordered Regular Semigroups

An ordered regular semigroup S is E-special if for every x ∈ S there is a biggest x ⁺ ∈ S such that both xx ⁺ and x ⁺ x are idempotent. Every regular strong Dubreil–Jacotin semigroup is E-special, as is every ordered completely simple semigroup with biggest inverses. In an E-special ordered regular semigroup S in which the unary operation x → x ⁺ is antitone the subset P of perfect elements is a regular ideal, the biggest inverses in which form an inverse transversal of P if and only if S has a biggest idempotent. If S ⁺ is a subsemigroup and S does not have a biggest idempotent, then P contains a copy of the crown bootlace semigroup.     

Numerical Semigroups on Compound Sequences

We generalize the geometric sequence {a^p, a^p?1b, a^p?2b²,…, b^p} to allow the p copies of a (resp. b) to all be different. We call the sequence {a₁a₂a₃… a_p, b₁a₂a₃…a_p, b₁b₂a₃…a_p,…, b₁b₂b₃…b_p} a compound sequence. We consider numerical semigroups whose minimal set of generators form a compound sequence, and compute various semigroup and arithmetical invariants, including the Frobenius number, Apéry sets, Betti elements, and catenary degree. We compute bounds on the delta set and the tame degree.     

Growth of Rank 1 Valuation Semigroups

We consider semigroup S of a rank 1 valuation ? centered on a local ring R. We show that the Hilbert polynomial of R gives a bound on the growth of the valuation semigroup S. This allows us to give a very simple example of a well ordered subsemigroup of Q+, which is not a value semigroup of a local domain. We also consider the rates of growth which are possible for S. We show that quite exotic behavior can occur. In the final section, we consider the general question of characterizing rank 1 value semigroups.     

具有逆断面的正规纯正半群

A normal orthodox semigroup is an orthodox semigroup whose idempotent elements form a normal band.We deal with congruces on a normal orthodox semigroup with an iverse transversal .A structure theorem for such semigroup is obtained.Munn(1966)gave a fundamental inverse semigroup Following Munn‘s idea ,we give a fundamental normal orthodox semigroup with an inverse transversal.     

Flows on Regular Semigroups

We study the structure of the flow monoid of a regular semigroup. This arises from the approach of Nambooripad of considering a regular semigroup as a groupoid – a category in which every morphism is invertible. A flow is then a section to the source map in this groupoid, and the monoid structure of the set of all flows is determined in terms of the Green relations on the original semigroup.