CE/SE方法数值模拟炸药粉尘爆轰

采用CE/SE方法数值模拟悬浮在空气中的RDX炸药粉尘的两相爆轰过程.炸药颗粒在爆轰波阵面后的高温高速气流中加速并升温,释放能量支持爆轰波传播.数值模拟爆轰波管中的粉尘爆轰,得到爆轰波流场中的物理量分布,确定爆轰参数,数值结果与文献符合较好.数值模拟复杂通道中的炸药粉尘爆轰,预测了爆轰波的发展和传播过程以及爆轰波后的流场演化.数值结果表明CE/SE方法能成功模拟气体-固体两相爆轰,为粉尘爆轰的研究提供了新的数值预测手段.     

高阶精度CE/SE算法及其应用

对时-空守恒元解元算法(CE/SE)的网格设置做较大改进,提出一种新的六面体解元和元定义;同时在解元中对物理量进行高阶Taylor展开,给出一种在时间和空间上均具有高阶精度CE/SE算法.在此基础上,把新型的高阶精度CE/SE算法推广应用于高速流动捕捉激波间断、气相化学反应流动、计及固体动态效应的流体-弹塑性流动和非稳态多相不可压缩粘性流动中.数值实践表明,提出的新型网格结构上的高阶精度CE/SE算法具有算法简单、计算精度高、计算效率和计算效果好的优点,并大大改进和拓展了CE/SE算法的应用范围.     

Simulation of shock-induced instability using an essentially conservative adaptive CE/SE method

An essentially conservative adaptive space time conservation element and solution element(CE/SE)method is proposed for the effective simulation of shock-induced instability with low computational cost.Its implementation is based on redefined conservation elements(CEs)and solution elements(SEs),optimized interpolations and a Courant number insensitive CE/SE scheme.This approach is used in two applications,the Woodward double Mach reflection and a twocomponent Richtmyer–Meshkov instability experiment.This scheme reveals the essential features of the investigated cases,captures small unstable structures,and yields a solution that is consistent with the results from experiments or other high order methods.     

An improved two-dimensional unstructured CE/SE scheme for capturing shock waves

In this paper, the accuracy of Chang’s unstructured space–time conservation element and solution element (CE/SE) scheme is analysed for the first time. Based on a redefinition of conservation elements and solution elements, an improved two-dimensional (2D) unstructured CE/SE scheme with an adjustable parameter β is proposed to accurately capture shock waves. The new scheme can be applied to any type of grid without special treatment. Compared with Chang’s original parameter α, larger β dose not cost extra computational resources. Numerical tests reveal that the new scheme is not only clear in physical concept, compact and highly accurate but also more capable of capturing shock waves than the popular fifth-order accurate weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme.     

基于CE/SE方法的二维Euler型多物质流体弹塑性问题计算

将CE/SE方法推广到二维固体流体弹塑性问题的数值计算,同时结合杂交粒子水平集方法追踪物质界面和合适的边界条件,提出一套完整的二维Euler型流体弹塑性计算方案.通过长钨杆侵彻装甲钢实验的数值模拟,对方法的精度和有效性进行验证.     

Improved CE/SE scheme with particle level set method for numerical simulation of spall fracture due to high-velocity impact

In the present paper, an Eulerian scheme combined with the hybrid particle level set method for numerical simulation of spall fracture due to high-velocity impact is proposed. An axisymmetric framework is established, based on an improved CE/SE scheme, to solve the high-velocity impact problems with large deformations, high strain rates and spall fractures. The hybrid particle level set method is adopted for tracking material interfaces and describing the formation and propagation of a crack. A novel representation of crack by level set is proposed. Numerical simulations are carried out and compared to the corresponding experimental results. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The edge effects are reproduced and the decrease of scab thickness with increase in impact velocity is observed owing to the numerical analysis. It is proved that our computational technique is feasible and reliable for analyzing the spall fracture.     

A three-dimensional Eulerian method for the numerical simulation of high-velocity impact problems

In the present paper, a three-dimensional （3D） Eulerian technique for the 3D numerical simulation of high-velocity impact problems is proposed. In the Eulerian framework, a complete 3D conservation element and solution element scheme for conservative hyperbolic governing equations with source terms is given. A modified ghost fluid method is proposed for the treatment of the boundary conditions. Numerical simulations of the Taylor bar problem and the ricochet phenomenon of a sphere impacting a plate target at an angle of 60~ are carried out. The numerical results are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental observations. It is proved that our computational technique is feasible for analyzing 3D high-velocity impact problems.     

气相爆轰波数值模拟中化学反应模型研究

 基于改进的时 空守恒元解元算法对气相爆轰波数值模拟中3种常用化学反应模型(二步模型,基元反应模型和Sichel的二步模型)进行了考察。对平面爆轰波和具有胞格结构的爆轰波进行了数值模拟,并对数值结果进行了比较和讨论。结果表明3种化学反应模型得到的爆轰参数准确性有所差异,但得到的胞格结构均能和实验结果较好吻合。3种化学反应模型在爆轰波数值模拟中各有优缺点,应视具体问题决定使用哪种化学反应模型。     

中国东南部中、新生代基性岩荧光光谱与等离子质谱测试结果对比及其地质意义分析

通过对中国东南部中、新生代基性岩类岩石的荧光光谱和等离子体质谱分析结果的对比研究,发现中生代基性岩SiO₂平均含量为±50%,新生代基性岩为±43%,前者属典型基性岩类,后者属超基性岩类。两者在微量元素及稀土元素组成上也有显著差异。中生代基性岩的微量元素和稀土元素标准化配分模式与上陆壳的配分模式相同或相似,而新生代基性岩则与OIB型洋岛玄武岩相同或相似。由此得到的认识是：新生代的基性岩与OIB型洋岛玄武岩一样,均为地幔来源,而中生代的基性岩浆则极有可能来自上陆壳底部,与本区中生代壳内重熔岩浆层的演化有关。     

Direct numerical simulation of turbulence/radiation interaction in premixed combustion systems

An important fundamental issue in chemically reacting turbulent flows is turbulence/radiation interaction (TRI); TRI arises from highly nonlinear coupling between temperature and composition fluctuations. Here, a photon Monte Carlo method for the solution of the radiative transfer equation has been integrated into a turbulent combustion direct numerical simulation (DNS) code. DNS has been used to investigate TRI in a canonical configuration with systematic variations in optical thickness. The formulation allows for nongray gas properties, scattering, and general boundary treatments, although in this study, attention has been limited to gray radiation properties, no scattering, and black boundaries. Individual contributions to emission and absorption TRI have been isolated and quantified. Of particular interest are intermediate values of optical thickness where, for example, the smallest hydrodynamic and chemical scales are optically thin while the largest turbulence scales approach an optically thick behavior. In the configuration investigated, the temperature self-correlation contribution (emission) is primarily a function of the ratio of burned-gas temperature to unburned-gas temperature, and is the dominant contribution to TRI only in the optically thin limit. Even in the most optically thin case considered, the absorption coefficient–Planck function correlation and absorption coefficient–intensity correlation are not negligible. At intermediate values of optical thickness, contributions from all three correlations are significant.     

一个新的损伤演化方程及其在层裂中的应用

 采用统计细观损伤力学方法,基于延性金属断裂过程的孔洞演化机理,提出一个新的损伤演化方程,该方程在一定的条件下与由空心球体胞模型导出的损伤方程形式相同。在此基础上,将新的损伤演化方程编入一维Lagrange有限差分动力学程序,对OFHC铜的平板对称正碰撞层裂实验进行了数值模拟,计算结果与实验吻合得较好。     

Direct numerical simulations and analysis of three-dimensional n-heptane spray flames in a model swirl combustor

Three-dimensional n-heptane spray flames in a swirl combustor are investigated by means of direct numerical simulation (DNS) to provide insight into realistic spray evaporation and combustion as well as relevant modeling issues. The variable-density, low-Mach number Navier–Stokes equations are solved using a fully conservative and kinetic energy conserving finite difference scheme in cylindrical coordinates. Dispersed droplets are tracked in a Lagrangian framework. Droplet evaporation is described by an equilibrium model. Gas combustion is represented using an adaptive one-step irreversible reaction. Two different cases are studied: a lean case that resembles a lean direct injection combustion, and a rich case that represents the primary combustion region of a rich-burn/quick-quench/lean-burn combustor. The results suggest that premixed combustion contribute more than 70% to the total heat release rate, although diffusion flame have volumetrically a higher contribution. The conditional mean scalar dissipation rate is shown to be strongly influenced, especially in the rich case. The conditional mean evaporation rate increases almost linearly with mixture fraction in the lean case, but shows a more complex behavior in the rich case. The probability density functions (PDF) of mixture fraction in spray combustion are shown to be quite complex. To model this behavior, the formulation of the PDF in a transformed mixture fraction space is proposed and demonstrated to predict the DNS data reasonably well.     

Analysis of stress field in a single anisotropic diamond/square shaped inclusion using the volume integral equation method and the numerical equivalent inclusion method

A volume integral equation method (VIEM) is used to study elastostatic problems in an unbounded elastic solid containing a single diamond/square shaped inclusion subject to uniform tensile stress at infinity. The inclusion is assumed to be a long parallel diamond/square cylinder composed of isotropic or anisotropic elastic materials and perfectly bonded to the isotropic matrix. The solid is assumed to be under plane strain on the plane normal to the cylinder. A detailed analysis of the stress field at the interface between the isotropic matrix and the single isotropic/orthotropic diamond/square shaped inclusion is carried out. The effects of a single isotropic/orthotropic diamond/square shaped inclusion on the stress field at the interface between the matrix and the inclusion are investigated in detail. The accuracy of the volume integral equation method for the interfacial stress field is validated and compared by the numerical equivalent inclusion method (NEIM) and the finite element method (FEM) using ADINA. Through detailed analysis of plane elastostatic problems using the parallel volume integral equation method (PVIEM) in an unbounded isotropic matrix with multiple isotropic diamond shaped inclusions under uniform remote tensile loading, it is demonstrated that the volume integral equation method can also be applied to solve general two- and three-dimensional elastostatic problems involving multiple isotropic/anisotropic inclusions whose shape and number are arbitrary.