波长色散X射线荧光光谱法测定铁矿石中铁硅钙铝磷镁锰钛

采用四硼酸锂熔融—X射线荧光光谱法测定铁矿石中铁、硅、钙、铝、磷、镁、锰和钛，以10个铁矿石标准物质建立校准曲线，用Lachance—Trail校正模式进行回归校正。方法准确、快速、简便。     

X射线荧光光谱法分析矿石样品时工作曲线的精确调整

应用X射线荧光光谱法分析了矿石样品。将粉碎至粒径为0.088mm的矿样用模压法在32MPa压力条件下加压40s,压制成直径为40mm,厚度为3mm的片样。试验从生产线上选取15个各组分元素含量呈梯度分布的样品以抵消其基体效应,并选用一组已知样品制作工作曲线。以MXF-2400型X射线荧光光谱仪所附带的PC-MXF-E软件中的校正公式,通过化学计量学处理,包括拟合评估、遗传算法及收敛条件的满足等,达到了X射线荧光光谱法分析矿石样品时工作曲线的精确调整。应用此方法分析了3组地质样品,所测定的铜、铅、锌3种元素的含量与化学法所测得的结果完全一致,又用同一样片对其中的5项组分进行6次测定,所得测定值的相对标准偏差均小于1%。     

熔融玻璃片-波长色散X射线荧光光谱法测定铁矿石中全铁及其它多种元素的分析进展

综述了近年来国内应用熔融玻璃片–波长色散X射线荧光光谱法测定铁矿石中全铁及其它成分这一分析技术的研究和进展,重点对标样的选择与制备、熔剂组成对制样效果的影响、氧化剂和脱模剂的选择、烧失量的影响进行了总结。并对熔融玻璃片—波长色散X射线荧光光谱法测定铁矿石中全铁及其它元素的发展方向提出了建议和展望。     

熔融制样-X射线荧光光谱法测定铁矿石中钾、铅、锌和砷

采用熔融制样-X射线荧光光谱法测定铁矿石中钾、铅、锌和砷的含量。样品以四硼酸锂和碳酸锂为熔剂,在1 050℃下熔融20min,冷却后制成玻璃融片,用于X射线荧光光谱分析,以标准物质制作校准曲线。方法应用于铁矿石标准样品(GSB 1805-2005)的测定,测定值与认定值相符,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)在2.0%~4.5%之间。     

进口氧化皮化学特性及X射线荧光光谱分析

采用玻璃片法熔融进口氧化皮样品,并应用X射线荧光光谱法测定其中全铁和硅、铝、磷、钙、镁、钛、砷、铅等15种杂质元素的含量.根据氧化皮成分含量范围,利用多个铁矿石标准样品、部分标准样品添加基准物质Fe2O3配制系列校准物质,建立工作曲线.结果表明,该方法能准确、快速地对氧化皮进行分析,测量值与经典方法或标准值比较没有显著性差异.     

铁矿石中砷含量的测定方法研究进展

综述了铁矿石中砷含量的测定方法研究进展,主要包括分光光度法、原子吸收光谱法、原子荧光光谱法、电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法和X射线荧光光谱法等(引用文献45篇)。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定铁矿石中SiO2含量的校准曲线的评估

<正>SiO₂是铁矿石主要杂质成分之一,是评价铁矿石品质的重要指标,常采用X射线荧光光谱法^[1]测定其含量。测定前,需要先用具有一定浓度水平范围的标准样品系列建立校准曲线,校准曲线性能检验不仅是方法确认和验证的重要内容,还是测量溯源的有效途径,获得满意测量结果的基础。大多数日常检测中,仅用校准曲线的相关系数作为曲线质量的评判准则是不够的,这是因为相关系数只能说明数据点是否近似在一条直线上,而不能评估校准曲线的精密度和准确度。     

波长色散X射线荧光光谱仪和多晶X射线衍射仪联用技术鉴定进口铜矿和含铜物料

首次研究进口可利用含铜物料与进口铜矿属性的不同特性并建立了鉴定方法,采用X射线荧光光谱法和X射线衍射光谱法联用技术建立铜矿和含铜物料属性的鉴别方法。通过X射线荧光光谱法对铜矿和含铜物料中元素进行定性半定量分析,再用X射线衍射光谱法对铜矿和含铜物料的特征谱峰进行扫描,与X射线衍射仪中标准卡片比对分析,能够确定铜矿和含铜物料的物相组成。结果显示,X射线荧光光谱法测定的铜矿和含铜物料的共同特点是铜的含量较高,达到冶炼铜对原料的要求;硅、铁、钠、钙和镁元素都能够检出;差异性在铅和锌元素在含铜物料中较高,在铜矿石中基本未检出;用X射线荧光光谱法检测出的金属元素,通过X射线衍射仪扫描后与标准图片比对,各元素以不同的形式存在于含铜物料中,且有规律可循。     

X射线荧光光谱法石油产品硫含量分析仪校准方法

探讨X 射线荧光光谱法石油产品硫含量分析仪的校准方法,确定了标准曲线相关系数、示值误差、仪器测量重复性、仪器稳定性校准指标.该方法合理、简便易行,各项指标评价结果基本符合仪器的设计性能和实际工作测试要求.     

X射线荧光光谱法测定铁矿石的化学成分

利用助熔剂,将铁矿石样品在高温下熔融成玻璃圆片,从而消除矿物结构效应,并降低基体效应的影响,研究了熔样的条件和灼烧减(增)量对全铁分析结果的影响,应用经验系数法校正了基体的吸收激励效应,提出了铁矿石的X射线荧光光谱法,测定了铁矿石中TFe、P、SiOz、A12O3、CaO、V2O5、TiO2、MgO等8种化学成分.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。