Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantification of rimonabant, a CB1 receptor antagonist, in human plasma

A sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the quantification of rimonabant in human plasma. Following liquid-liquid extraction, the analytes were separated using an isocratic mobile phase on a reverse-phase column and analyzed by MS/MS in the multiple reaction monitoring mode using the respective (M+H)+ ions, m/z 463-363 for rimonabant and m/z 408-235 for the internal standard. The assay exhibited a linear dynamic range of 0.1-100 ng/mL for rimonabant in human plasma. The lower limit of quantification was 0.1 ng/mL with a relative standard deviation of less than 6%. With dilution integrity up to 10-fold, the upper limit of quantification was extendable up to 1000 ng/mL. Acceptable precision and accuracy were obtained for concentrations over the standard curve range. A run time of 2.0 min for each sample made it possible to analyze more than 250 human plasma samples per day. The validated method was successfully used to analyze human plasma samples for application in pharmacokinetic studies.     

蛋品中苏丹红残留的液相色谱串联质谱测定法研究

采用液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）测定了蛋品中苏丹红I、II、III、Ⅳ号染料的残留。制样后,装柱,应用基质固相分散技术,用氯仿、乙腈混合溶液（体积比为90：10）淋洗,浓缩定容后经ZORBAX SB-C18柱分离,采用电喷雾正离子,多反应监控（MRM）模式检测。外标曲线定量,苏丹红I、II、III、Ⅳ的线性范围分别为0.5～100ng/g,5.0～100ng/g,1.0～100ng/g和2.0～100ng/g,线性方程的相关系数都大于0.99,添加样品回收率在87.3～113％之间,相对标准偏差均小于9.1％。针对四种苏丹红染料,该方法的检测低限分别可达0.1μg/kg,2.0μg/kg,0.2μg/kg,0.4μg/kg,可以满足国内外蛋品中苏丹红监控要求。     

超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法同时测定地表水中28种皮质激素

建立了同时测定地表水中28种皮质激素的超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱（UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS）的分析方法。水样经HLB柱固相萃取、C₈反相色谱柱分离,在动态多反应监测（DMRM）模式下采用电喷雾离子化正、负离子模式（ESI±）进行信号采集与测定,内标法定量。结果发现,28种皮质激素在1.0~100 μg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系（R²>0.99）,方法检出限为0.21~0.48 ng/L,方法定量限为0.32~0.72 ng/L。在5.0、10、50 ng/L的基质加标水平下,28种目标物的平均回收率为68.8%~108.7%,相对标准偏差为0.1%~8.1%。该方法灵敏、准确、可靠,将广泛应用于环境中糖/盐皮质激素的痕量监测及其行为、风险研究。     

Resolution, quantification and confirmation of betamethasone and dexamethasone in equine plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

This method describes the simultaneous separation, identification, quantification and confirmation of betamethasone (BTM) and dexamethasone (DXM) in equine plasma by liquid chromatography (LC) integrated with multidimensional tandem mass spectrometry. Analytes were directly extracted from equine plasma by methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). The residues were reconstituted with sample solvent. LC separation of the analytes was performed on a Hypercarb column using acetonitrile/water/formic acid (95:5:0.5, v/v/v) as the mobile phase. Sample screening, quantification and confirmation were performed in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The method was linear over the concentration range of 0.1-75 ng/mL for both analytes. Limit of detection (LOD) was 50 pg/mL and that of quantification (LOQ) was 100 pg/mL for both analytes. The limit of confirmation (LOC) for the presence of BTM or DXM by MRM was 0.5 ng/mL. The intra-and inter-day precisions expressed as coefficient of variation (CV) for quantification of DXM and BTM from 0.1 to 50 ng/mL were less than 7% and the accuracy was in the range of 97-105%. This method is capable of distinguishing BTM from DXM when both analytes are simultaneously present in equine plasma. Measurement uncertainty for both analytes was estimated at less than 16%. The method is rapid, specific, selective, sensitive, simple and reliable. The importance of this method is its usefulness in directly identifying and differentiating BTM from DXM without derivatization.     

Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantification of amisulpride with LLOQ of 100 pg/mL using 100 microL of plasma

A sensitive and selective high-performance liquid chromatography-positive ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the quantification of amisulpride in 100 microL of human plasma. Following liquid-liquid extraction, the analytes were separated using an isocratic mobile phase on a reverse-phase column and analyzed by MS/MS in the multiple reaction monitoring mode using the respective (M + H)(+) ions, m/z 370-242 for amisulpride and m/z 341-112 for the internal standard. The assay exhibited a linear dynamic range with a lower range of 0.1-100 ng/mL and a higher range of 1-500 ng/mL of amisulpride in human plasma. The lower limit of quantification was 0.1 ng/mL with a relative standard deviation of less than 10%. Acceptable precision and accuracy were obtained for both linearity ranges. A run time of 2.0 min for each sample made it possible to analyze more than 275 human plasma samples per day. The validated method has been successfully used to analyze plasma samples for application in pharmacokinetic studies.     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱/串联质谱法测定食醋中的3种甜味剂

建立了食醋中3种甜味剂的固相萃取-高效液相色谱/串联质谱分析方法。样品经酸性水稀释,弱阴离子固相萃取柱净化,Pursuit C18色谱柱分离,10 mmol/L醋酸铵(含0.1%氨水)和乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,电喷雾负离子模式下多反应监测(MRM)模式检测。糖精钠、安赛蜜、甜蜜素的定量限分别为10、5、5 μg/kg,回收率为72.1%～96.8%,相对标准偏差小于15%。该方法准确、灵敏度高,可用于食醋中甜味剂的定性定量检验。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品中曲酸

建立了食品中新型防腐剂曲酸的高效液相色谱-串联质谱的定量测定方法。动物禽肉、鱼虾甲壳类、酱菜类、水果蔬菜、面制品等固体样品经乙腈提取;酱及酱油、醋、酒、饮料、糖浆等液体样品经水稀释,乙酸锌和亚铁氰化钾沉淀蛋白;以C18柱为分离柱,流动相为乙腈和5 mmol/L乙酸铵甲酸溶液,采用电喷雾串联四极杆质谱进行检测。选择1个母离子和2个子离子进行选择反应监测,以13C6-曲酸作为内标,选择信号最强的子离子进行定量测定。固体类基质中的定量限(按信噪比(S/N)大于10计)为0.1 mg/kg;液体类基质中的定量限为2.5 mg/kg。在0.1～2.0 mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数r＞0.99。各种基质在3个添加水平的平均回收率在72.6%～114%之间,相对标准偏差均小于11.4%。本方法简单实用,准确可靠,适用范围包括了食品中可能使用曲酸这种食品添加剂的大部分基质,可以满足进出口食品中曲酸的定性和定量要求。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定海参和海胆中的单唾液酸神经节苷脂

建立了液相色谱-四极杆串联质谱法定量检测海参和海胆中单唾液酸神经节苷脂的分析方法。采用Svennerholm法从海胆或海参样品中提取神经节苷脂,经C8固相萃取柱净化,采用APS-2 NH₂柱(150 mm×2.1 mm, 3 μm),以乙腈和50 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液(pH 5.6)为流动相,梯度洗脱。样品中每种成分的定量在多反应监测模式下进行。该方法具有极高的灵敏度,定量限可低至纳克级。非硫酸酯化单唾液酸神经节苷脂(NMG)和硫酸酯化单唾液酸神经节苷脂(SMG)在1～40 ng进样量范围内呈现良好的线性关系;定量结果显示所测海参样品中美国红参的NMG含量最高,海胆样品中紫海胆的SMG含量最高;海胆中总的单唾液酸神经节苷脂含量(4.30～6.40 mg/g)明显高于各海参样品(8～131 μg/g)。该方法稳定可靠,适合海胆和海参中微量单唾液酸神经节苷脂的定量分析。     

High performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry and micropulverized extraction for the quantification of amphetamines, cocaine, opioids, benzodiazepines, antidepressants and hallucinogens in 2.5 mg hair samples

A high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) method for simultaneous screening and quantification of 28 drugs was developed and validated for 2.5 mg hair samples. Target drugs and their metabolites included amphetamines, cocaine, opioids, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and hallucinogens. After decontamination, hair samples were extracted with 200 μL of a mixture of water: acetonitrile:1 M trifluoroacetic acid (80:10:10, v/v) using a 5 min simultaneous pulverization/extraction step. The extracts were analysed by HPLC-HRMS in an Orbitrap at a nominal resolution of 60,000, with concomitant in source collisional experiments (in source CID). Gradient elution on an Atlantis T3 column resolved 28 target compounds and 5 internal standards. Total chromatographic run time was 26 min. Calibration was achieved by linear regression analysis utilizing six calibration points; R2 ranged from 0.9964 to 0.9999, the limits of quantification were 0.1 ng/mg for 8 compounds, 0.2 ng/mg for 16 compounds and 0.5 ng/mg for 4 compounds; mean relative errors from -21% to +23% were obtained; relative standard deviation, used to estimate repeatability and intermediate reproducibility at three concentrations, was always less than 20%. Process efficiency and recoveries for all analytes were better than 65 and 73%, respectively, at any concentration. The method was applied to hair samples from forensic investigations that contained a broad assortment of drugs of abuse and pharmaceuticals. The use of concomitant HRMS full scan and CID afforded the possibility of retrospective analysis for discovering untargeted drugs.     

凝胶渗透色谱净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定皮革制品中7种尼泊金酯类防腐剂

利用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)结合凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)技术,建立了一种快速分离和测定皮革制品中7种尼泊金酯类防腐剂的分析方法。样品经超声提取、浓缩、GPC净化,甲醇-水溶液(1:1, v/v)溶解,采用Acquity UPLCBEH C18柱(50 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm)分离,以甲醇和水为流动相,梯度洗脱,电喷雾负离子模式电离,采用多反应监测模式检测和外标法定量。该方法在0.1～1.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r＞0.99);在添加量为0.5～3.0 mg/kg时,平均回收率为(79.44±5.67)%～(98.07±9.50)%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.24%～14.00%;方法的检出限(LOD)为4～12 μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为13.2～39.6 μg/kg。该方法操作简便、快捷、灵敏、准确,适合皮革中多种尼泊金酯类防腐剂的确证和定量测定。     

Simultaneous quantitation of HIV-protease inhibitors ritonavir, lopinavir and indinavir in human plasma by UPLC-ESI-MS-MS

A selective, sensitive and high-throughput ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS) method has been developed and validated for the quantification of HIV-protease inhibitors ritonavir (RTV), lopinavir (LPV) and indinavir (IDV) in human plasma. Sample clean-up involved protein precipitation of both drugs and fluconazole used as internal standard from 100 μL human plasma. All the analytes were chromatographically separated on a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 μm particle size) analytical column using 0.1% formic acid and methanol (40:60, v/v) as the mobile phase. The parent → product ion transitions for ritonavir (m/z 721.40→ 296.10), lopinavir (m/z 629.40→ 447.40) and indinavir (m/z 614.4→ 421.0) IS (m/z 307.10 → 220.10) were monitored on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, operating in the multiple reaction monitoring and positive ion mode. The method was validated over the concentration range of 30-15,000 ng/mL for LPV and IDV and 3-1500 ng/mL for RTV. The method was successfully applied to a pilot bioequivalence study in 36 healthy human subjects after oral administration of lopinavir 200 mg and ritonavir 50 mg tablet formulation under fasting conditions.     

Simultaneous quantification and rat pharmacokinetics of formononetin‐7‐O‐β‐d‐glucoside and its metabolite formononetin by high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Formononetin‐7‐O‐β‐d ‐glucoside has been proved to have significant anti‐inflammatory effect. To evaluate its rat pharmacokinetics, a rapid, sensitive, and specific liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for the quantification of formononetin‐7‐O‐β‐d ‐glucoside and its main metabolite formononetin in rat plasma. Samples were pretreated using a simple protein precipitation and the chromatographic separation was performed on a C₁₈ column by a gradient elution using a mobile phase consisting of water and acetonitrile both containing 0.1% formic acid. Both analytes were detected using a tandem mass spectrometer in positive multiple reaction monitoring mode. The assay showed wide linear dynamic ranges of both 0.10–100 ng/mL, with acceptable intra‐ and inter‐batch accuracy and precision. The lower limits of quantification were both 0.10 ng/mL using 50 μL of rat plasma for two analytes. The method has been successfully used to investigate the oral pharmacokinetic profiles of both analytes in rats. After oral administration of formononetin‐7‐O‐β‐d ‐glucoside at the dose of 50 mg/kg, it was rapidly absorbed in vivo and metabolized to its metabolite formononetin. The plasma concentration‐time profiles both showed double‐peak phenomena, which would be attributed to the strong enterohepatic circulation of formononetin‐7‐O‐β‐d ‐glucoside.     

Sensitive, selective and rapid determination of bupropion and its major active metabolite, hydroxybupropion, in human plasma by LC-MS/MS: application to a bioequivalence study in healthy Indian subjects

A sensitive, selective and rapid liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of bupropion (BUP) and its major active metabolite hydroxybupropion (HBUP) in human plasma. Separation of both the analytes and venlafaxine as internal standard (IS) from 50 μL human plasma was carried out by solid‐phase extraction. The chromatographic separation of the analytes was achieved on a Zorbax Eclipse XDB C₁₈ (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) analytical column using isocratic mobile phase consisting of 20 mm ammonium acetate–methanol (10:90, v/v), with a resolution factor of 3.5. The method was validated over a wide dynamic concentration range of 0.1–350 ng/mL for BUP and 0.1–600 ng/mL for HBUP. The matrix effect was assessed by post‐column infusion and the mean process efficiency was 96.08 and 94.40% for BUP and HBUP, respectively. The method was successfully applied to a bioequivalence study of 150 mg BUP (test and reference) extended release tablet formulation in 12 healthy Indian male subjects under fed conditions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高效液相色谱法测定食品中氟啶脲的残留量

建立了高效液相色谱测定食品中氟啶脲残留量的方法.样品中的氟啶脲经正己烷或乙腈提取,弗罗里硅土净化后,以乙腈-水( 85:15,v/v)混合溶液为流动相,经C18色谱柱分离,紫外检测器(260 nm)测定.结果表明:氟啶脲在0 05 ～2.0 mg/L范围内线性良好(相关系数为0 999 8),定量限(以信噪比为10计)...     

Determination of a selective Na+/H+ exchanger inhibitor, 4-cyano(benzo[b]thiophene-2-carbonyl)guanidine (KR-33028) in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) method was developed for the determination of a selective Na(+)/H(+) exchanger inhibitor 4-cyano(benzo[b]thiophene-2-carbonyl)guanidine (KR-33028) in rat plasma. KR-33028 and the internal standard, linezolid, were extracted from rat plasma with ethyl acetate at neutral pH. The analytes were separated on an XBridge C(18) column with a mixture of methanol-0.1% formic acid (35:65, v/v) as mobile phase and detected using an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in the multiple-reaction-monitoring mode. The standard curve was linear (r = 0.9998) over the concentration range of 2.0-1000 ng/mL. The coefficients of variation of intra- and inter-assay were 1.3-6.8% and the relative error was 0.8-5.0%. The recoveries of KR-33028 and linezolid were 70.5 and 84.6%, respectively. The lower limit of quantification for KR-33028 was 2.0 ng/mL using 50 microL plasma sample. This method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of KR-33028 in rats.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定茶叶、代用茶和饮料食品中63种非法添加化合物

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）同时测定茶叶、代用茶和饮料食品中63种非法添加化合物的分析方法。样品经甲醇超声提取后,采用Thermo Acclaim RSLC C18色谱柱（100 mm×2.1 mm,2.2 μm）分离,以5 mmol/L甲酸铵溶液（含体积分数为0.1%的甲酸）-0.1%（体积分数）甲酸乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱。在电喷雾离子源正离子模式下,采用动态多反应监测（dMRM）方式测定,外标法定量。63种待测化合物在相应的线性范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数（R²）均大于0.99;定量限为0.10~2.50mg/kg;在3个添加水平下,63种待测物的平均回收率为62.4%~129.4%,进样精密度和重复性的相对标准偏差为0.3%~9.6%（n=6）。该方法简便快捷、准确可靠,适用于茶叶、代用茶和饮料食品中非法添加具有解热镇痛效果的化合物检测。     

Determination of sialic acids in human serum by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection.

A simple, rapid and highly sensitive reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of sialic acids in human serum. The sialic acids, released by hydrolysis of serum, are converted in borate buffer with malononitrile to highly fluorescent compounds. The reaction mixture is separated isocratically within 5 min using an octadecyl-bonded silica column and a mobile phase of methanol and ammonium acetate buffer (15:85, v/v; pH 5.5). Measurement of the fluorescence intensity of the reaction mixture at 434 nm with irradiation at 357 nm allowed determination of 30-1000 ng/ml of sialic acids with high reproducibility. The limit of detection was 2 ng/ml. Intra-day and inter-day coefficients of variation for assaying 300 ng/ml N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) were 1.5% (n = 9) and 2.6% (n = 7), respectively. The recoveries of NANA were 98.5-101.1% for serum. The method has been used for clinical determinations.     

Development and validation of a reliable and rapid LC‐MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of sacubitril and valsartan in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study

A selective, sensitive and rapid liquid chromatographic method with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric detection has been developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of sacubitril and valsartan in rat plasma using telmisartan as internal standard (IS). The analytes were extracted by deprotenization of 50 μL of plasma sample using 200 μL of acetonitrile. In a short chromatographic run of 1.50 min run time, separation was achieved on a Hypersil Gold C₁₈ column using a mobile phase composed of 0.1% formic acid in Milli‐Q water–0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile in gradient elution mode. The quantification of target compounds was performed in a positive electrospray ionization mode and multiple reaction monitoring. Response was a linear function of concentration in the ranges of 0.5–20,000 ng/mL for both analytes, with r² > 0.9997. The intra‐ and inter‐day precision and accuracy results were <15% and acceptable as per US Food and Drug Administration guidelines. Stability of compounds were established in a battery of stability studies, i.e. bench‐top, autosampler and long‐term storage stability as well as freeze–thaw cycles. The validated method can be used as a routine method to support pharmacokinetic studies. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

杂质吸附型净化结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定谷物和动物饲料中37种霉菌毒素

建立了谷物和动物饲料中霉菌毒素的高效、快速前处理方法,可同时提取和净化样品中37种理化性质差异较大的霉菌毒素,并采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）进行定性和定量分析。样品粉碎处理后,经84%（体积分数,下同）乙腈水（含0.1%甲酸）溶液振荡提取20 min,MLJ-1杂质吸附型固相萃取柱净化。目标物在BEH RP18色谱柱上分离,以0.1 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液（含0.1%甲酸）和甲醇溶液（含0.1%甲酸）作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱采用电喷雾正、负离子模式和多反应监测模式进行定性和定量分析。结果表明,本方法可在1 min内完成样品净化处理,15 min内完成37种目标化合物的分离分析。37种目标物在各自线性范围内线性关系良好,基质匹配标准曲线的相关系数均大于0.98。除伏马毒素外的所有目标化合物在4个添加水平下的回收率介于80%~120%之间,相对标准偏差（RSD）<20%（n=5）,方法定量限为2~40 μg/kg,能够满足《饲料卫生标准》判定要求。该方法操作简单、快速、准确,适合谷物和动物饲料中多种霉菌毒素同步筛查和确证检测。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析毛发中甲基苯丙胺和苯丙胺手性对映异构体

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱（HPLC-MS/MS）分析毛发中甲基苯丙胺与苯丙胺对映异构体的手性分离方法。采用SUPELCO Astec CHIROBIOTIC^® V2手性液相色谱柱,以甲醇-含0.1%（v/v）甲酸的20 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液（99：1,v/v）为流动相进行手性分离。结果表明,甲醇高温水浴超声法能较好地提取苯丙胺类化合物,且峰形较好（拖尾因子>0.95）。S-（+）-甲基苯丙胺、R-（-）-甲基苯丙胺、S-（+）-苯丙胺和R-（-）-苯丙胺在15~300 ng/mg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99;甲基苯丙胺和苯丙胺的检出限分别为0.1 ng/mg和0.15 ng/mg,定量限分别为0.4 ng/mg和0.5 ng/mg;日内精密度均≤6.8%,日间精密度均≤11.4%。采用所建方法对50余嫌疑人毛发进行手性分析,检出单一S-（+）-甲基苯丙胺和S-（+）-苯丙胺的占70%,同时检出S-（+）-甲基苯丙胺、R-（-）-甲基苯丙胺、S-（+）-苯丙胺和R-（-）-苯丙胺的占18%。该法简单快速,精密度好,可为实际法医毒物鉴定案例中的毛发手性分析提供技术支持与科学依据。