硫代磺酸酯和磺酰卤的绿色合成研究

利用2-碘酰基苯甲酸(IBX)的氧化作用,在四丁基溴化铵(TBAB)作为添加剂的条件下,硫酚、硫醇类化合物在室温快速反应生成相应的硫代磺酸酯类化合物,共获得了11个硫代磺酸酯,产率为54%～83%;而该氧化体系在加入浓盐酸(w=36%)或浓氢溴酸(w=46%)的条件下,硫酚或硫醇均顺利被氧化卤代成相应的磺酰氯或磺酰溴,分别获得了11个磺酰氯和11个磺酰溴产物,产率为62%～84%.这两种体系都简单、高效,使用了绿色氧化剂和溶剂、具有处理简单、条件温和等优点,所有合成产物均经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR结构确证.     

新型丹皮酚肟酯的高效合成

以丹皮酚为原料,与乙酸在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)和SOCl₂作用下反应制得乙酰丹皮酚酯（1）; 1中酮羰基与盐酸羟胺反应生成相应的丹皮酚肟（2）;在DMAc和CH₂Cl₂体系中,取代羧酸(3a～3l)与SOCl₂反应生成酰氯后随即与2反应合成了系列新型丹皮酚肟酯(4a～4l),产率80.9%～95.5%,其结构经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、IR和MS表征。以苯甲酰丹皮酚肟酯（4a）的合成为例,对反应条件进了优化。最优反应条件为：以DMAc(2 mL)为催化剂,酰氯化反应时间为20 min,酯化反应时间为3 h,产率95.1%。并对DMAc促进丹皮酚肟酯合成反应的可能机理进行了探讨。     

新型丙烯海松酸基双噻二唑化合物的合成及其抗真菌活性

松香与丙烯酸经Diels-Alder环加成反应制得丙烯海松酸(1); 将1转化为双酰氯后与2-氨基-5-取代苯基-1,3,4-噻二唑经-N-酰化反应合成了8个新型的丙烯海松酸基双噻二唑化合物(4a~4h),其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR和元素分析表征。抗真菌活性测试结果表明,在用药量为50 μg·mL^-1时,4d(R=m-Cl)对苹果轮纹病菌、花生褐斑病菌和小麦赤霉病菌的抑制率分别为66.9%, 57.8%和52.9%。     

4-酰氧基黄体酮衍生物的合成及其细胞毒性

以黄体酮为前体,经4,5-环氧黄体酮合成了4-羟基黄体酮（2）; 2与酰氯经酰化反应合成了一系列新型4-酰氧基黄体酮衍生物（4a~4i）,其结构经¹H NMR,¹³C NMR和MS（ESI）表征。体外细胞毒性实验结果表明：在用药量为50 μg·mL^-1时, 4c, 4d和4e对MCF-7细胞的抑制率分别为26%, 22%和13%。     

2-硝基苯并呋喃与邻巯基苯甲醛反应：一锅法合成硫代黄酮衍生物

通过一锅法反应实现了2-硝基苯并呋喃和邻巯基苯甲醛的去芳构化\[4+2\]环加成/亚硝酸消除/氧化过程,合成了一系列硫代黄酮衍生物,产物收率高达67%,化合物结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS(ESI-TOF)确证。     

2-(甲氨基)-1-苯乙酮盐酸盐的合成研究

对2-(甲氨基)-1-苯乙酮盐酸盐的合成工艺进行改进。以2′-溴苯乙酮为起始原料,与两倍当量的N-甲基苄胺进行亲核取代反应得到中间体2-(N-甲基-N-苄基)-氨基-1-苯乙酮(3)。化合物(3)为叔胺化合物,先与α-氯乙基氯甲酸酯(ACE-Cl)反应成酰胺再脱去苄基,即采用α-氯乙基氯甲酸酯法脱去苄基,得到最终化合物2-(甲氨基)-1-苯乙酮盐酸盐(4),两步反应总收率为78%,中间体及终产物的结构均经IR,¹H NMR,¹³C NMR和HRMS确证。     

酯类前药阿魏酸丹皮酚酯的合成

以阿魏酸和丹皮酚为起始原料，先将阿魏酸的羟基用乙酰基保护得乙酰阿魏酸（1）； 1与丹皮酚经酯化反应制得乙酰阿魏酸丹皮酚酯（2）； 2在水合肼催化下水解脱去保护基合成了酯类前药阿魏酸丹皮酚酯，总收率36.0%，其结构经过¹H NMR， ¹³C NMR和MS（ESI）确证。     

天然抗氧化剂麦角硫因的合成工艺研究

采用仿生合成法制备麦角硫因。以L-组氨酸(2)为起始原料,经还原胺化、甲基化得直接生物前体L-组氨酸甜菜碱(4);4与L-半胱氨酸、3-巯基丙酸经“一锅法”合成麦角硫因(1),总收率46.95%,其结构经¹H NMR,¹³C NMR和MS(ESI)谱确证,纯度为99.56%(HPLC法)。该路线步骤简短、原料价廉易得、反应条件温和、操作简便、收率较高,适用于百克级麦角硫因的制备。     

新型苦参碱肟酯类化合物的合成

利用生物活性因子拼接法将活性基团肟酯引入植物源活性化合物苦参碱中对其结构进行修饰,以苦参碱为原料,与亚硝酸叔丁酯反应制得关键中间体肟（2）; 2与苯甲酰氯类化合物经酯化反应合成了8个新型的苦参碱肟酯类化合物,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和MS表征。     

蒽基修饰的新型铂基大环化合物的合成

以3,5-二溴苯甲醚为起始原料,通过Suzuki偶联反应制得3,5-二吡啶苯甲醚(3); 3经三溴化硼脱保护得到3,5-二吡啶苯酚(4); 4进一步发生亲核取代反应得到化合物5;化合物6与5组装得到新型铂基超分子大环,其结构经¹H NMR和³¹P NMR表征。     

Modification of poly(vinyl chloride) with new aromatic thiol compounds. Synthesis and characterization

Different thiol compounds were tested for the synthesis of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with halogen groups and the course of the modification reactions followed under different conditions by NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. It is shown that PVC can be modified without side reactions using 4-fluorothiophenol, 4-chlorothiophenol, 4-bromothiophenol, 3,4-di-fluorothiophenol, penta-fluorothiophenol and penta-chlorothiophenol. The reactivities and final degrees of modification of the different nucleophiles are compared showing that, when the thiolate salt is preformed, the bromine derivative reacts quicker and higher degrees of modification are reached than with its smaller homologues. On the other hand, using the thiol compounds in combination with potassium carbonate this order is inverted and highest degrees of modification are achieved with 4-fluorothiophenol. Glass transition temperatures and thermal stabilities of the new compounds are compared.     

The reaction of o-nitro- and p-nitro-phenyl selenocyanates with arylthiols

The interaction of o-nitro- and p-nitro-phenyl selenocyanate with aromatic thiols p-thiocresol, p-chlorothiophenol, 4-bromothiophenol, o-mercaptobenzoic acid and pentafluorothiophenol in non-aqueous media and under an atmosphere of dry nitrogen has been investigated. The main products are the diselenide or the selenenyl sulphide depending on the reactants. Hydrogen cyanide is given in all cases. The IR and Raman spectra of the diselenides and selenenyl sulphides are considered.     

高折光指数光学树脂的合成——相转移法合成不饱和硫醇酯单体的条件控制

采用正常的低温相转移催化（ＰＴＣ）和反滴碱溶液ＰＴＣ法分别合成了含硫双烯ＭＥＳＤＭＡ和单烯ＭＥＰＳＭＡ．１Ｈ ＮＭＲ分析证明ＭＥＳ中的杂质主要是由原料ＴＤＧ引入的．对含单个巯基的ＭＥＰＳ的正常ＰＴＣ酯化接枝双键，因存在巯基和不饱和双键的加成反应而导致失败．作者最终得到了折光指数在１６２５以上的ＭＥＳＤＭＡ／ＭＥＰＳＭＡ共聚物．     

THE CONFORMATION OF THIOPHENOL IN SOLUTION DETERMINED BY LIQUID CRYSTAL NMR SPECTROSCOPY

Abstract

It has been possible to obtain the proton NMR spectrum of thiophenol and 4-chlorothiophenol dissolved in the nematic phase of a liquid crystalline solvent. The computer iterated spectral analysis allowed the authors to determine the direct dipolar couplings that depend solely on the ratio of the interprotonic distances.¹     

相转移催化法合成已二酰基二芳基双硫脲化合物

酰基硫脲类化合物具有广泛的生物活性,可用作杀虫剂、杀菌剂、抗病毒剂和植物生长调节剂等,但关于双酰基硫脲化合物的研究较少。根据活性子叠加原理,为了寻找高生物活性的新化合物,我们从已二酸出发,经酰化得到已二酰氯,然后以PEG-400为相转移催化剂,与硫氰酸铵作用后不经分离直接与芳胺反应,一锅法合成了9种新的已二酰基二芳基双硫脲化合物。其结构经元素分析、IR及^1HNMR确证。合成路线如下。     

合成E-10-羟基-2-癸烯酸的新方法

以1,8-辛二醇（1）为起始原料,经4步反应合成了（E）-10-羟基-2-癸烯酸,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和MS确证。考察了乙酰氯、缚酸剂种类及其用量［r=n（1）: n（乙酰氯）: n（缚酸剂）］对8-乙酰氧基-1-辛醇（2）收率的影响以及反应温度、三乙胺滴加温度、低温停留时间对8-乙酰氧基辛醛（3）收率的影响。结果表明：以三乙胺为缚酸剂,r=1.0 : 1.1 : 2.0时,2产率达78%;反应温度为-65 ℃、三乙胺滴加温度低于-50 ℃、低温反应3 h, 3产率达97%。     

乳液聚合型品红成色剂的合成

2，4，6-三氯苯肼与β-乙氧基-β-亚氨基-丙酸乙酯在乙醇钠的存在下，经缩 合成环生成1-(2＇，4＇，6＇-三氯苯基)-3-氨基-5-吡唑啉酮(3)．3和它的4-位衍 生物与甲基丙烯酰氯反应生成了三种可聚合的成色剂单体．将这些单体与丙烯酸丁 酯共聚得到了三种乳液聚合型品红成色剂．给出了合成反应中间体及单体的红外光 谱与核磁共振光谱数据，讨论了影响合成反应及乳液聚合反应的一些因素．     

Copolymers of vinyl and vinylidene chlorides with alkyl acrylates

High-molecular-weight copolymers of vinyl chloride and ethyl or butyl acrylate were prepared in high conversion and yield in the presence of boron trifluoride as the acrylate ester complexing agent. When the vinyl chloride monomer is in excess of equimolar amounts, the resulting copolymers are alternating; and when the alkyl acrylates are in excess, acrylate-rich copolymers are obtained. Ethylene–vinyl chloride–ethyl acrylate and propylene–vinyl chloride–ethyl acrylate terpolymers were also obtained with an ethyl acrylate content of 50 mole %. The relative reactivities of propylene, vinyl chloride, and ethylene in these polymerizations were 5.4, 3.8, and 1.0, respectively. Vinylidene chloride–ethyl acrylate copolymers that are nearly alternating and rich in acrylate or in vinylidene chloride have also been prepared. The monomer reactivity ratios for vinylidene chloride and ethyl acrylate in the presence of boron trifluoride are considerably lower than in its absence.     

聚合物分散液晶单体4,4′-二[6-(丙烯酰氧基)己氧基]联苯的合成

利用丙烯酰氯代替丙烯酸钾与4,4′-二(6-溴己氧基)联苯反应改进了制备4,4′-二[6-(丙烯酰氧基)己氧基]联苯(BAB6)的合成路线。改进前的反应温度较高,中间产物溶解度小,产物呈淡黄色,收率仅12.4%;改进后在室温反应,中间产物溶解度较高,产物呈白色,收率达到46.8%。采用1HNMR、13CNMR和元素分析对中间体和BAB6结构进行了表征。由改进后合成的单体,制备了具有快速响应的聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)膜,响应时间约2ms。扫描电子显微镜观察的结果表明,PDLC中形成了聚合物网络结构。     

An Improved Synthetic Method for Preparing Polyoxyethylene Macromers and a Study of Their Copolymerization with Alkyl Acrylates

Polyoxyethylene macromers were synthesized by polymerization of ethylene oxide in dimethylsulfoxide by using potassium napthalide in tetrahydrofuran as initiator, followed by termination with methacroyl chloride. Potassium naphthalide is more active as an initiator than sodium naphthalide. The initiator in this case was confirmed to be of the monoanionic type. The molecular weight of the macromers can be varied from 2 × 10³ to 1.2 × 10⁴with M_w/M_n = 1.07-1.12. The macromers were characterized by UV, IR, and ¹H NMR, and copolymerized with butyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, or methyl methacrylate. The grafting efficiency can reach about 90%. The graft copolymers were purified by extractions and characterized by GPC, IR, and a Bruss membrane osmometer. The average grafting number of the copolymers varied from 10 to 15.