碳糊电极吸附伏安法测定痕量钒

研究了钒 荧光镓(LMG)络合物在碳糊电极上的吸附伏安行为,发现其在+0.81V(vs.SCE)的阳极二次导数峰电流与钒(V)的浓度在一定范围内呈线性关系。在pH=4.3的0.26mol/L的HAc NH4Ac缓冲溶液中,于+0.4V富集,从+0.4至+1.4V以300mV/s线性扫描,方法线性范围为4.0×10-9～1.0×10-7mol/L(5.0×10-7mol/LLMG)和1.0×10-7～1.2×10-6mol/L(2.0×10-6mol/LLMG),检出限为1.0×10-9mol/L(S/N=3)。该法用于煤飞灰,粉煤灰和水样中钒的测定,结果满意。     

钒(Ⅴ)的吸附溶出催化体系的研究

研究了线性扫描伏安法中钒(Ⅴ)的吸附溶出催化行为体系,借以分析环境、食品和生物样品。钒浓度与峰电流在10~(-2)～10~(-12)mol/L间按数量级分段成线性关系。最低检出限为6×10~(-13)mol/L,相对标准偏差在8％以下,干扰较少。     

钒(Ⅴ)-茜素S-溴酸钠体系极谱络合吸附催化波的研究

在六次甲基四胺 HCl缓冲溶液 (pH 5 .5 )中 ,钒 (Ⅴ ) 茜素S 溴酸钠体系产生一灵敏的吸附平行催化波 ,峰电位在 -0 .64V(vs.SCE)。二次导数峰高与钒 (Ⅴ )浓度在 1 .0× 1 0 -9～ 2 .0× 1 0 -6mol/L范围内呈线性关系 ;检出限为 5 .0× 1 0 -10 mol/L。研究了电极反应机理 ,方法应用于水样中钒的测定 ,结果满意。     

催化动力学光度法测定钒尾矿中痕量钒(Ⅴ)

基于硫酸-柠檬酸钠介质中,钒(Ⅴ)催化H2O2氧化甲基绿的显色反应,建立了测定痕量钒(Ⅴ)的光度分析新方法。确定了催化褪色反应测定钒(Ⅴ)的动力学条件,催化反应的表观活化能E′a=83.34kJ/mol,反应速率常数K′=2.25×10-4/s。方法线性范围为0.20～80μg/L,检出限为0.88μg/L。方法的表观摩尔吸光系数ε=3.31×105L/(mol·cm)。用于本地钒尾矿中钒含量的测定,相对标准偏差为2.2%～2.9%,标准加入回收率为98.8%～102.9%。     

催化极谱法测定钨、钼氧化物中微量锡

本文研究了锡-氟隆络合物极谱测定条件。用钒(Ⅳ)作为氧化剂产生动力催化波叠加至锡-氟隆络合物吸附波上,使测定灵敏度提高。在0.018mol/L硫酸-0.0024mol/L钒(Ⅳ)-0.04mol/L氯化钠底液中锡与氟隆络合物具有波形好、灵敏度高且稳定的极谱催化波,导数波峰电位-0.45伏(VS.S.C.E.),锡在0.016-0.64微克/毫升范围峰高与浓度呈线性关系。锡与干扰元素的分离采用锡氢化物气化法。用拟定的方法测定三氧化钨及三氧化钼中微量锡,获得了满意结果。     

锡(Ⅳ)-邻苯三酚红-钒(Ⅳ)-十二烷基磺酸钠体系极谱吸附催化波研究

在0.1mol/L氯乙酸盐缓冲溶液(pH2.4)中,锡(Ⅳ)-邻苯三酚红(PR)-钒(Ⅳ)-十二烷基磷酸钠(SDS)体系产生一灵敏的吸附平行催化波,峰电位为-0.53V(vs.SCE),一次导数峰高与锡浓度在6.7×10~(-10)～10×10~(-6)mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为4×10~(-10)mol/L.方法已成功地应用于罐装食品中微量锡的测定,结果满意.     

靛蓝胭脂红-高碘酸钾-草酸钠催化光度法测定钢中微量钒

研究了在1 mol/L磷酸介质中，钒(V)对KIO4氧化靛蓝胭脂红褪色反应的催化作用及草酸钠的活化作用，建立了一种测定钒的方法。无草酸钠时该体系为准零级反应，表观活化能为76.7 kJ/mol，在22℃时钒量在0～5mg/L范围内与?A呈线性，检出限为0.1　mg/L。在草酸钠存在下则为准一级反应，表观活化能为60.1 kJ/mol，钒量在0～mg/L范围内与1g(A0/A)呈线性，检出限为0.02mg/L。提高介质酸度，可显著降低反应温度。在NaF及尿素存在下，大多数常见离子无干扰。本法简便快速，选择性和灵敏度较高，用于钢中微量钒的直接测定，结果满意。     

基于电化学平行催化波效应与化学发光信号传感相偶合测定V（V）的分析新方法

研究发现,V(V)可在含有H2O2的碱性介质中,在石墨电极表面还原产生钒的平行催化波效应.与此同时,当上述溶液中含有适量的丁基罗丹明B时,丁基罗丹明B可与钒催化还原H2O2的产物反应产生灵敏的电化学发光信号.测定了该体系电化学反应时间和化学发光反应时间,验证了电化学平行催化效应与化学发光结合的可能性.据此建立了测定钒的电化学发光分析新方法,同时提出了电化学平行催化渡效应与化学发光信号传感相结合提高电化学分析方法灵敏度的新思路.在最佳的实验条件下,该方法测定V(V)的线性范围为4.0×10-7 mol/L～8.0×10-5mol/L,检出限为3×10-8mol/L(以3σ计).     

基于电化学平行催化波效应与化学发光信号传感相偶合测定V(Ⅴ)的分析新方法

研究发现,V(Ⅴ)可在含有H2O2的碱性介质中,在石墨电极表面还原产生钒的平行催化波效应。与此同时,当上述溶液中含有适量的丁基罗丹明B时,丁基罗丹明B可与钒催化还原H2O2的产物反应产生灵敏的电化学发光信号。测定了该体系电化学反应时间和化学发光反应时间,验证了电化学平行催化效应与化学发光结合的可能性。据此建立了测定钒的电化学发光分析新方法,同时提出了电化学平行催化波效应与化学发光信号传感相结合提高电化学分析方法灵敏度的新思路。在最佳的实验条件下,该方法测定V(Ⅴ)的线性范围为4.0×10-7mol/L~8.0×10-5mol/L,检出限为3×10-8mol/L(以3σ计)。     

新显色剂8-(2-羟基-3,5-二硝基苯偶氮)-1,2,4-氨基羟基萘磺酸的合成及其光度法测定钒的研究

本文研究了新显色剂8-(2-羟基-3,5-二硝基苯偶氮)-1,2,4-氨基羟基萘磺酸的合成及其光度法测定钒的条件。在0.4～1.2mol/L盐酸介质中,显色剂与钒(V)形成黄色络合物,其络合比为V(V):R=1:3。摩尔吸光系数为1.4×10~4L·mol~(-1)·cm~(1-)。可在掩蔽剂作用下,不经分离直接测定矿样中的钒。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.