Intermolecular C—H...O and C—H...X interactions in substituted spiroacenaphthylene structures

In the three spiroacenaphthylene structures 5′′‐[(E)‐2,3‐dichlorobenzylidene]‐7′‐(2,3‐dichlorophenyl)‐1′′‐methyldispiro[acenaphthylene‐1,5′‐pyrrolo[1,2‐c][1,3]thiazole‐6′,3′′‐piperidine]‐2,4′′‐dione, C₃₅H₂₆Cl₄N₂O₂S, (I), 5′′‐[(E)‐4‐fluorobenzylidene]‐7′‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐1′′‐methyldispiro[acenaphthylene‐1,5′‐pyrrolo[1,2‐c][1,3]thiazole‐6′,3′′‐piperidine]‐2,4′′‐dione, C₃₅H₂₈F₂N₂O₂S, (II), and 5′′‐[(E)‐4‐bromobenzylidene]‐7′‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐1′′‐methyldispiro[acenaphthylene‐1,5′‐pyrrolo[1,2‐c][1,3]thiazole‐6′,3′′‐piperidine]‐2,4′′‐dione, C₃₅H₂₈Br₂N₂O₂S, (III), the substituted aryl groups are 2,3‐dichloro‐, 4‐fluoro‐ and 4‐bromophenyl, respectively. The six‐membered piperidine ring in all three structures adopts a half‐chair conformation, the thiazolidine ring adopts a slightly twisted envelope and the pyrrolidine ring an envelope conformation; in each case, the C atom linking the rings is the flap atom. In all three structures, weak intramolecular C—H...O interactions are present. The crystal packing is stabilized through a number of intermolecular C—H...O and C—H...X interactions, where X = Cl in (I) and F or S in (II), and C—H...O interactions are observed predominantly in (III). In all three structures, molecules are linked through centrosymmetric ring motifs, further tailored through a relay of C—H...X [Cl in (I), Br in (II) and O in (III)] interactions.     

Naphthalene‐1,6‐diol: a three‐dimensional framework built from O—H...O,O—H...π and C—H...O hydrogen bonds

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C₁₀H₈O₂, contains two practically planar symmetry‐independent molecules linked by one O—H...O hydrogen bond. Molecules are further linked into a three‐dimensional network, which is built from R₆⁶(36), R₆⁶(18), R₆⁶(30) and R₄⁴(26) rings formed by the combined effect of three O—H...O and one C—H...O hydrogen bond. This network is additionally stabilized by an O—H...π interaction.     

N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen‐bonded supramolecular networks in 4‐chloroanilinium, 2‐hydroxyanilinium and 3‐hydroxyanilinium hydrogen phthalates

The title salts, 4‐chloroanilinium hydrogen phthalate (PCAHP), C₆H₇ClN⁺·C₈H₅O₄⁻, 2‐hydroxyanilinium hydrogen phthalate (2HAHP), C₆H₈NO⁺·C₈H₅O₄⁻, and 3‐hydroxyanilinium hydrogen phthalate (3HAHP), C₆H₈NO⁺·C₈H₅O₄⁻, all crystallize in the space group P2₁/c. The asymmetric unit of 2HAHP contains two independent ion pairs. The hydrogen phthalate ions of 2HAHP and 3HAHP show a short intramolecular O—H...O hydrogen bond, with O...O distances ranging from 2.3832 (15) to 2.3860 (14) Å. N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds, together with short C—H...O contacts in PCAHP and 3HAHP, generate extended hydrogen‐bond networks. PCAHP forms a two‐dimensional supramolecular sheet extending in the (100) plane, whereas 2HAHP has a supramolecular chain running parallel to the [100] direction and 3HAHP has a two‐dimensional network extending parallel to the (001) plane.     

5‐Amino‐1‐benzoyl‐3‐methylpyrazole: complex sheets built from N—H...N,C—H...O and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds

Molecules of the title compound [systematic name: (5‐amino‐3‐methylpyrazol‐1‐yl)(phenyl)methanone], C₁₁H₁₁N₃O, contain an intramolecular hydrogen bond. The molecules are linked into sheets by a combination of N—H...N, C—H...O and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds. Comparisons are made with the hydrogen‐bonded structures of some related compounds.     

Two‐dimensional hydrogen‐bonded networks in two novel glycoluril derivatives

Two new glycoluril derivatives, namely diethyl 6‐ethyl‐1,4‐dioxo‐1,2,2a,3,4,6,7,7b‐octahydro‐5H‐2,3,4a,6,7a‐pentaazacyclopenta[cd]indene‐2a,7b‐dicarboxylate, C₁₄H₂₁N₅O₆, (I), and 6‐ethyl‐2a,7b‐diphenyl‐1,2,2a,3,4,6,7,7b‐octahydro‐5H‐2,3,4a,6,7a‐pentaazacyclopenta[cd]indene‐1,4‐dione, C₂₀H₂₁N₅O₂, (II), both bearing two free syn‐urea NH groups and two ureidyl C=O groups, assemble the same one‐dimensional chains in the solid state running parallel to the [010] direction via N—H...O hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, the chains of (I) are linked together into two‐dimensional networks via C—H...O hydrogen bonds.     

C—H...O hydrogen‐bonding and C—H...π interactions in 3‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐1,5,7‐trimethyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydropyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐2,4‐dione

In the title compound, C₁₆H₁₄FN₃O₂, a diverse set of weak intermolecular C—H...π, π–π and C—H...O interactions link the molecules into sheets. The C—H...O interactions generate centrosymmetric rings with a graph‐set motif of R₂²(14) and chains with a C(8) motif.     

N‐Propionylhydroxylamine forms a three‐dimensional hydrogen‐bonded framework structure

The title compound, N‐hydroxy­propan­amide, C₃H₇NO₂, crystallizes with Z′ = 3 in P2₁/c. The mol­ecules are linked by three N—H?O hydrogen bonds [N?O 2.8012 (16) to 2.8958 (15) Å; N—H?O 163 to 168°] and by three O—H?O hydrogen bonds [O?O 2.6589 (15) to 2.6775 (17) Å; O—H?O 165 to 177°] into a single three‐dimensional framework.     

1‐(2‐Aminophenyl)‐3‐(4‐pyridyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one: a three‐dimensional framework structure built from N—H...N,C—H...O and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds

The intramolecular dimensions of the title compound, C₁₄H₁₂N₂O, provide evidence for a polarized electronic structure. The molecule, which is almost completely planar, contains an intramolecular N—H...O hydrogen bond, and the molecules are linked by a combination of N—H...N, C—H...O and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds to form a three‐dimensional framework structure.     

5‐Chloro‐2‐hydroxybenzophenone,featuring O—H...O,C—H...O,C—H...π and π–π interactions

Molecules of the title compound, C₁₃H₉ClO₂, contain an intramolecular O—H...O hydrogen bond, and the two aromatic rings are inclined at 57.02 (3)° with respect to one another. The crystal structure is supported by C—H...O, C—H...π and π–π interactions.     

N—H...O and N—H...N interactions in three pyran derivatives

The three pyran structures 6‐methylamino‐5‐nitro‐2,4‐diphenyl‐4H‐pyran‐3‐carbonitrile, C₁₉H₁₅N₃O₃, (I), 4‐(3‐fluorophenyl)‐6‐methylamino‐5‐nitro‐2‐phenyl‐4H‐pyran‐3‐carbonitrile, C₁₉H₁₄FN₃O₃, (II), and 4‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐6‐methylamino‐5‐nitro‐2‐phenyl‐4H‐pyran‐3‐carbonitrile, C₁₉H₁₄ClN₃O₃, (III), differ in the nature of the aryl group at the 4‐position. The heterocyclic ring in all three structures adopts a flattened boat conformation. The dihedral angle between the pseudo‐axial phenyl substituent and the flat part of the pyran ring is 89.97 (1)° in (I), 80.11 (1)° in (II) and 87.77 (1)° in (III). In all three crystal structures, a strong intramolecular N—H...O hydrogen bond links the flat conjugated H—N—C=C—N—O fragment into a six‐membered ring. In (II), molecules are linked into dimeric aggregates by N—H... O(nitro) hydrogen bonds, generating an R₂²(12) graph‐set motif. In (III), intermolecular N—H...N and C—H...N hydrogen bonds link the molecules into a linear chain pattern generating C(8) and C(9) graph‐set motifs, respectively.     

Octyl 1‐(5‐tert‐butyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)‐2‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐1H‐benzimidazole‐5‐carboxylate: complex sheets built from N—H...N,C—H...N and C—H...O hydrogen bonds

In the title compound, C₂₉H₃₅ClN₄O₂, the bond lengths provide evidence for aromatic delocalization in the pyrazole ring but bond fixation in the fused imidazole ring, and the octyl chain is folded, rather than adopting an all‐trans chain‐extended conformation. A combination of N—H...N, C—H...N and C—H...O hydrogen bonds links the molecules into sheets, in which the hydrogen bonds occupy the central layer with the tert‐butyl and octyl groups arranged on either side, such that the closest contacts between adjacent sheets involve only the octyl groups. Comparisons are made with the supramolecular assembly in some simpler analogues.     

N—H...O,O—H...O hydrogen‐bonded supramolecular sheet formation in the bis(2‐aminoanilinium) fumarate, 3‐methylanilinium hydrogen fumarate and 4‐chloroanilinium hydrogen fumarate salts

In bis(2‐aminoanilinum) fumarate, 2C₆H₉N₂⁺·C₄H₂O₄²⁻, (I), the asymmetric unit consists of two aminoanilinium cations and one fumarate dianion, whereas in 3‐methylanilinium hydrogen fumarate, C₇H₁₀N⁺·C₄H₃O₄⁻, (II), and 4‐chloroanilinium hydrogen fumarate, C₆H₇ClN⁺·C₄H₃O₄⁻, (III), the asymmetric unit contains two symmetry‐independent hydrogen fumate anions and anilinium cations with a slight difference in their geometric parameters; the two salts are isostructural. In (II) and (III), the carboxylic acid H atoms of the anions are disordered across both ends of the anion, with equal site occupancies of 0.50. Both the 4‐chloroanilinium cations of (III) are disordered over two orientations with major occupancies fixed at 0.60 in each case. The hydrogen fumarate anions of (II) and (III) form one‐dimensional anionic chains linked through O—H...O hydrogen bonds. Salts (II) and (III) form two‐dimensional supramolecular sheets built from R₄⁴(16), R₄⁴(18), R₅⁵(25) and C₂²(14) motifs extending parallel to the (010) plane, whereas in (I), an (010) sheet is formed built from two R₄³(13) motifs, two R₂²(9) motifs and an R₄⁴(18) motif.     

O‐Phenyl (triphenylphosphoniomethyl)phosphonate phenol solvate: supramolecular structure generated by O—H...O,C—H...O and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds

The title compound, C₂₅H₂₂O₃P₂·C₆H₆O, has a zwitterionic betaine‐like structure and crystallizes as a phenol solvate. The two molecular components are held together by an almost linear intermolecular O—H...O hydrogen bond. The structure also contains three weak C—H...O and two C—H...π(arene) interactions.     

Chiral one‐dimensional hydrogen‐bonded architectures constructed from single‐enantiomer phosphoric triamides

The two single‐enantiomer phosphoric triamides N‐(2,6‐difluorobenzoyl)‐N′,N′′‐bis[(S)‐(−)‐α‐methylbenzyl]phosphoric triamide, [2,6‐F₂‐C₆H₃C(O)NH][(S)‐(−)‐(C₆H₅)CH(CH₃)NH]₂P(O), denoted L‐1 , and N‐(2,6‐difluorobenzoyl)‐N′,N′′‐bis[(R)‐(+)‐α‐methylbenzyl]phosphoric triamide, [2,6‐F₂‐C₆H₃C(O)NH][(R)‐(+)‐(C₆H₅)CH(CH₃)NH]₂P(O), denoted D‐1 , both C₂₃H₂₄F₂N₃O₂P, have been investigated. In their structures, chiral one‐dimensional hydrogen‐bonded architectures are formed along [100], mediated by relatively strong N—H…O(P) and N—H…O(C) hydrogen bonds. Both assemblies include the noncentrosymmetric graph‐set motifs R₂²(10), R₂¹(6) and C₂²(8), and the compounds crystallize in the chiral space group P1. Due to the data collection of L‐1 at 120 K and of D‐1 at 95 K, the unit‐cell dimensions and volume show a slight difference; the contraction in the volume of D‐1 with respect to that in L‐1 is about 0.3%. The asymmetric units of both structures consist of two independent phosphoric triamide molecules, with the main difference being seen in one of the torsion angles in the OPNHCH(CH₃)(C₆H₅) part. The Hirshfeld surface maps of these levo and dextro isomers are very similar; however, they are near mirror images of each other. For both structures, the full fingerprint plot of each symmetry‐independent molecule shows an almost asymmetric shape as a result of its different environment in the crystal packing. It is notable that NMR spectroscopy could distinguish between compounds L‐1 and D‐1 that have different relative stereocentres; however, the differences in chemical shifts between them were found to be about 0.02 to 0.001 ppm under calibrated temperature conditions. In each molecule, the two chiral parts are also different in NMR media, in which chemical shifts and P–H and P–C couplings have been studied.     

(2R*,4S*)‐2‐(Pyridin‐3‐yl)‐2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐1H‐1‐benzazepin‐4‐ol: a three‐dimensional framework built from O—H...N,C—H...O and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds

The title compound, C₁₅H₁₆N₂O, crystallizes in the space group P2₁2₁2₁ with Z′ = 1. The seven‐membered ring adopts a chair‐type conformation with the hydroxy and pyridyl substituents in equatorial sites. Molecules are linked into a three‐dimensional framework structure by a combination of O—H...N, C—H...O and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds, but N—H...O and N—H...π(arene) interactions are absent from the structure. Comparisons are made with some related compounds.     

Self‐recognition in a flexible bis(pyrrole) Schiff base derivative: formation of a one‐dimensional hydrogen‐bonded polymer

The title Schiff base compound, N,N′‐bis­(pyrrol‐2‐yl­methyl­ene)­propane‐1,2‐di­amine, C₁₃H₁₆N₄, forms an interesting supramolecular structure (a one‐dimensional ladder‐like polymer) in the solid state that is based on the existence of complementary intermolecular N—H⋯N=C hydrogen bonds between the monomer units. The polymer axis is collinear with the c axis of the orthorhombic unit cell. Quantum‐chemical AM1 calculations clearly indicate that self‐recognition in this system by hydrogen bonding is favoured on electrostatic grounds, since the partial atomic charge on the H atom of the pyrrole NH group (0.274 e) complements the partial atomic charge of the N atom of the C=N group (−0.239 e) on a neighbouring mol­ecule.     

Spacer‐length‐dependent association in polymers with multiple‐hydrogen‐bonded end groups

Herein, we investigate the influence of spacer length on the homoassociation and heteroassociation of end‐functionalized hydrogen‐bonding polymers based on poly(n‐butyl acrylate). Two monofunctional ureido‐pyrimidinone (UPy) end‐functionalized polymers were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization using self‐complementary UPy‐functional initiators that differ in the spacer length between the multiple‐hydrogen‐bonding group and the chain initiation site. The self‐complementary binding strength (K_dim) of these end‐functionalized polymers was shown to depend critically on the spacer length as evident from ¹H NMR and diffusion‐ordered spectroscopy. In addition, the heteroassociation strength of the end‐functionalized UPy polymers with end‐functionalized polymers containing the complementary 2,7‐diamido‐1,8‐naphthyridine (NaPy) hydrogen‐bond motif is also affected when the aliphatic spacer length is too short. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011     

Weak C—H...N[triple‐bond]C hydrogen bonds in the structures of two poly(cyano)‐substituted ring systems

In benzene‐1,2,3‐tricarbonitrile, C₉H₃N₃, the packing of the two independent molecules is three‐dimensional and complex, involving inter alia bifurcated (C—H)₂...N systems from neighbouring CH groups. In [2.2]paracyclophane‐4,5,12,13‐tetracarbonitrile, C₂₀H₁₂N₄, the [2.2]paracyclophane systems display the usual distortions, namely lengthened C—C bonds and widened sp³ angles in the bridges, narrow angles in the six‐membered rings at the bridgehead atoms, and flattened boat conformations of the rings. The molecules are linked by a series of C—H...N interactions to form layers parallel to the ab plane.     

Hexamethylenediammonium bis(chloroacetate): a three‐dimensional hydrogen‐bonded framework structure

In the title compound, C₆H₁₈N₂²⁺·2C₂H₂ClO₂⁻, the cation lies across an inversion centre in the P space group. The ions are linked by two two‐centre N—H...O hydrogen bonds and by one three‐centre N—H...(O)₂ hydrogen bond to form a three‐dimensional framework structure. The significance of this study lies in the analysis of the complex hydrogen‐bonded structure and in the comparison of this structure with those of other simple hexamethylenediammonium salts.