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本文根据5-取代丙二酸亚异丙酯的核磁共振谱,利用“分子集团结构适应理论”观点,阐述了5-取代丙二酸亚异丙酯的构象,表明此化合物一般具有椅式构象;当取代基中含有芳基及羰基时,显示了这些基团对2-位甲基的远程屏蔽及远程去屏蔽效应,从而认为此时以船式构象存在。 相似文献
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甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的阴离子聚合,由于其聚合反应的特殊性和复杂性,早就引起人们的关注。长期以来,在各种引发剂、溶剂和温度等条件下都做了大量的研究。其中有关窄分布聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)合成方面的研究甚少。Anderson等用 相似文献
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分光光度法低浓度区不成线性关系的探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文研究分光光度法低浓度区不成线性的有关因素及其克服方法,以铝-二甲酚橙体系为例,通过对体系不同条件下吸收光谱及其等色点的研究,发现当体系pH渐变时(铝,二甲酚橙浓度固定不变),曲线簇现两个等色点.从对等色点的分析,证明体系形成络合物须按一个反应式进行才能出现等色点,而与反应式是否涉及到两个或三个有色化合物无关.若同时按两个反应式进行,则不能得到等色点,测定时也无线性关系.所以用这个体系进行铝的测定,铝浓度的变化范围只能限于存在等色点的区间才有线性关系. 为了克服常法测定铝时不符线性的现象,本文采用的方法是在二甲酚橙中预先加适量的铝作为显色剂,使反应严格按一个反应式进行,所得结果为一直线. 相似文献
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炭黑结合橡胶对天然橡胶性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究了天然橡胶(NR)与五种不同类型炭黑的结合橡胶对其混炼胶的应力-应变、流变性质等的影响。结果表明,NR与炭黑的结合橡胶量随炭黑结构和表面积增加而增加。结合橡胶的增加使NR在低剪切下的本体粘度、弹性恢复性和强度增加,塑性和粘着性降低;在高剪切下流动性变差,挤出物收缩则有所下降。此外,结合橡胶的增加也增加了硫化胶的交联度,因此模量、硬度和耐磨性提高,抗张强度和伸长率却有所下降。 相似文献
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Synthesis of poly (methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA) in tetrahydrofuran at- 78℃ using al-kyllithium as initiator and its characterazation were studied. It was found that PMMA with harrow molecular weight distribution was obtained using 1,1-Kliphenyl-3-methylpentyllithium and 1,1-diphenyl-hexyllithium as initiators respectively. The sample of PMMA in the molecular weight (Mw) range from 1×104 to 2×106 had Mw'/Mn=1.06-1.20, its product possesses narrow molecular weight distribution and good symmetry, it achived level of PMMA standard sample and may be used it as GPC standard samples. 相似文献
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The Meishucunian Stage is rich in fossils and is characterized by their distinct evolutionsequence, so based on the established zonation of small shelly fossils, the sequence of tracefossils and the stratotype point (China "B", the dividing point between Units 6 and 7 or be-tween fossil zones Ⅰ and Ⅱ), the Meishucun section is more widely applicable to both region-al and intercontinental correlations. In this respect, the stage is well suited for both thecarbonate and the clastic-rock sedimentary regions. The Meishucunian small shelly fossil assem-blages are correlated with those found in Siberia of U.S.S.R., Mongolia, Central England,South Australia and Northwestern Canada. The Meishucunian trace fossil sequence can alsobe broadly correlated with that in the Russian Platform of U.S.S.R., Northwest Europe,Great Britain, Spain, Australia, the Western United States and Southeastern Canada. 相似文献
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A. H. Burr DAVID K. EGGLETON ROBERT PATTERSON JOHANNA T. LEirrscHER-HAZELHOFF 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1989,49(1):89-95
Abstract A dense zone of crystalline hemoglobin in the head has been presumed to be involved in the photosensitivity of Mermis. With the aim of identifying its role, we have studied the wavelength dependence of the phototaxis. Measuring phototaxic efficiency at constant photon fluence rate (intensity), we find that the spectral response curve is approximately fiat from 350–540 nm and falls to an insignificant level by 580 nm. This is unlike the absorptance (fraction absorbed) spectrum of the hemoglobin pigmentation. Also, fluence-rate/response curves at 420 and 500 nm occur at the same fluence rates even though these wavelengths correspond to a maximum and a minimum of hemoglobin absorption. These results prove that the hemoglobin cannot be functioning as the visual pigment in phototaxis but, for reasons discussed, they neither confirm nor rule out a role as a shadowing pigment. The results are consistent with a shadowing role in the presence of contrast enhancement by the nervous system.
A steep fluence-rate dependence suggests that contrast enhancement does occur in Mermis phototaxis. The 420 or 500 nm fluence rate for half-maximal response is 6 times 10 photons s-1 cm-2 (about equivalent in effectiveness to pre-dawn twilight). The wide range of sensitivity, 350–560 nm, has interesting implications as to the nature of the visual pigment.
†NATO reaearch collaborator a n leave from the Department of Biophysics. Laboratorium voor Algemene Natuurkunde, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Westersin-gel 34. 9718 CM Groningen, The Netherlands. 相似文献
A steep fluence-rate dependence suggests that contrast enhancement does occur in Mermis phototaxis. The 420 or 500 nm fluence rate for half-maximal response is 6 times 10 photons s
†NATO reaearch collaborator a n leave from the Department of Biophysics. Laboratorium voor Algemene Natuurkunde, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Westersin-gel 34. 9718 CM Groningen, The Netherlands. 相似文献
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交联聚合物线团的形态和尺寸研究 总被引:31,自引:0,他引:31
通过建立低压差下核孔膜过滤稀释液的方法 ,研究了低浓度HPAM与AlCit形成的交联聚合物溶液(LPS)中交联聚合物线团 (LPC)的形态和尺寸 .实验结果表明 ,LPC为球形结构 ,由于交联作用 ,其剪切变形程度有限 .低压差下核孔膜过滤法与动态光散射法 (DLS)和扫描电镜法 (SEM)相结合 ,可较为准确地判断LPC的尺寸范围 ,HPAM相对分子质量为 1 1× 10 7~ 1 4× 10 7、浓度为 0 0 2 % ,NaCl浓度 0 2 % ,交联比 2 0∶1的LPS中LPC的直径小于 1 38μm ,相当多的LPC直径在 4 5 0nm以上 ,平均流体力学直径约为 4 92nm .在一定聚合物浓度范围内 ,相同实验条件下 ,随着聚合物相对分子质量的增大 ,LPC尺寸逐渐增大 .LPS制成干片后 ,LPC的尺寸收缩有限 ,利用SEM法直接观测其形态 ,具有一定的准确性 ,可用此法对其进行研究 . 相似文献
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蒸气压渗透计的结构对仪器常数的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
<正> 蒸气压渗透计(VPO)依其结构不同,分为探头下垂式蒸气室和探头站立式蒸气室两类。关于仪器常数K是否随溶质的分子量范围的不同而变化的问题,已引起人们的注意,但报道的结果并不一致。因仪器、标样及纯度、操作方法的不同,难以判断其误差。为了便于比较,本文选用VPO仪中具有代表性二类仪器,对同一标样进行了标定。 相似文献
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本文利用最大重迭方法,在分别考虑卤素配体的杂化及中央原子Si的d轨道杂化的基础上,计算了卤代硅烷系列分子实验构型下的杂化轨道,研究了卤代硅烷分子的NMR自旋偶合常数,IR伸缩频率和基团电负性与轨道成份的关系,较明确地反映了这类分子的化学键性质对分子谱学性质的影响。 相似文献
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Abstract— The sieve effect and scattering within leaves are analysed by the use of a simple model. By plotting the leaf transmittance (corrected for light not entering the leaf) vs the transmittance of an equivalent amount of homogeneous plastid pigments, an intercept is found where the latter is zero. This minimum transmittance represents the fraction of the leaf area devoted to the ray of the sieve effect which strikes no chloroplasts. It varied between 7% and 0.2% in non-senescent leaves. When this was subtracted from the leaf spectrum, the peak absorbance was greater than that of the homogeneous leaf pigments in all cases. The ratio of the leaf absorbance to that of the homogeneous pigments, at the same wavelength, is the apparent optical pathlength, which increases with decreasing absorbance. By plotting this ratio vs the absorbance of the equivalent homogeneous pigment, an intercept is found where the latter is zero. This intercept is interpreted as an estimate of the true mean scattering pathlength. Leaves with high chlorophyll contents had low pathlengths (mean and SD = 2.30 ± 0.25); with moderate and low contents, the values were higher (2.75 ± 0.28, 3.95 ± 0.77). Another application of the model gave values between 3 and 4 for the true scattering pathlength. 相似文献