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1.
Enhanced Pervaporation Performance of Multi-layer PDMS/PVDF Composite Membrane for Ethanol Recovery from Aqueous Solution 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Xia Zhan Jiding Li Junqi Huang Cuixian Chen 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2010,160(2):632-642
Multi-layer PDMS/PVDF composite membrane with an alternative PDMS/PVDF/non-woven-fiber/PVDF/PDMS configuration was prepared
in this paper. The porous PVDF substrate was obtained by casting PVDF solution on both sides of non-woven fiber with immersion
precipitation phase inversion method. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was then cured by phenyltrimethoxylsilane (PTMOS) and coated
onto the surface of porous PVDF substrate one layer by the other to obtain multi-layer PDMS/PVDF composite membrane. The multi-layer
composite membrane was used for ethanol recovery from aqueous solution by pervaporation, and exhibited enhanced separation
performance compared with one side PDMS/PVDF composite membranes, especially in the low ethanol concentration range. The maximum
separation factor of multi-layer PDMS/PVDF composite membrane was obtained at 60 °C, and the total flux increased exponentially
along with the increase of temperature. The composite membrane gave the best pervaporation performance with a separation factor
of 15, permeation rate of 450 g/m2h with a 5 wt.% ethanol concentration at 60 °C. 相似文献
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研究了聚1-三甲基硅基丙炔膜渗透汽化分离乙醇-水溶液传质的主要特点。发现膜对乙醇优先吸附、溶解,对水优先扩散。但因吸附液中水含量很低,总的结果表现为优先透醇。在313K,膜厚20~25μm,料液浓度10wt%时,α=18.5,J=0.969kg·m-2·h-1。透过膜的渗透液及其中的水和乙醇渗透汽化表观活化能分别为28.87、31.30和27.66kJ/mol,并随料液浓度下降而增加。对实验数据进行非线性回归,建立了该膜传递乙醇的经验关联式:Je=-5.564C2E0+13.34CE0-0.1573(kg·m-2·h-1),计算值与实验值相吻合。 相似文献
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研究了藻朊酸钠均质膜对有机液/水混合体系的渗透汽化特性。结果表明,藻朊酸钠对甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丙酮、四氢呋喃及二氧六环等有机溶剂同水的混合液均表现为水优先透过,其渗透通量及选择分离系数都非常高。对80wt%的四氢呋喃水溶液,55℃下,通量Q达到2489g/m2·h,水对四氢呋喃的分离系数趋于无穷大;对80wt%的二氧六环水溶液,Q为2862g/m2·h,分离系数为39996(60℃)。通量与温度间呈Arrhenius关系。比较了两种藻朊酸钠样品对有机液/水混合体系的渗透汽化特性,讨论了化学组成、结构的不同,对膜性能的影响。 相似文献
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在聚四氯乙烯(PTFE)多孔膜内浸入Nasfion树脂,制成Nasfion/PTFE复合膜用于质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC),该复合膜的Nasfion含量在50%左右,在干态和湿态时的拉伸强度及水化/脱水过程中,其尺寸稳定性比Nasfion均有所提高,在80℃,H2/O2压力为0.2/0.2MPa条件下,用25μm厚复合膜组装的电池性能优于Nasfion117膜组装电池的性能,测量了复合膜的O2渗透率和含水量并与Nasfion膜的性能作了比较。 相似文献
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质子交换膜燃料电池Nafion/PTFE复合膜的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)多孔膜内浸入Nafion树脂,制成Nafion/PTFE复合膜用于质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC).该复合膜的Nafion含量在50%左右,在干态和湿态时的拉伸强度及水化/脱水过程中,其尺寸稳定性比Nafion均有所提高.在80 ℃,H2/O2压力为0.2/0.2 MPa条件下,用25 μm厚复合膜组装的电池性能优于Nafion117膜组装电池的性能.测量了复合膜的O2渗透率和含水量并与Nafion膜的性能作了比较. 相似文献
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壳聚糖/聚丙烯酸聚电解质复合物膜对水/有机液体系的渗透汽化性能 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
以壳聚糖和聚丙烯酸为原料制备了聚电解质复合物膜,并对其分离水/乙醇体系的渗透汽化特性和浓度,温度,化学组成等因素的影响进行了研究,发现后处理方法对复合物膜的分离性能影响很大。同时对其它水/有机液体系,该膜也具备优异的分离性能。 相似文献
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壳聚糖复合膜及异丙醇/水混合液的渗透汽化分离 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
用磺化聚乙烯离子膜渗透汽化分离恒沸组成的i-PrOH/H_2O(87.2/12.8W/W),分离系数α高,渗透通量J低(小于300g/m~2·h,40℃),当醇含量高于90%时,膜性能变差;用CA膜、赛璐玢膜[2]、Nation-Na~+膜,J较高,α低(<30)。甲壳素脱乙酰基产物壳聚糖(Chitosan,简称CS),易交联改性,成膜性好。CS膜分离i-PrOH/H_2O,α很高,而J低。经戊二醛交联的CS膜尺寸稳定,增加了醇/水的J值,α虽有所下降,对i-PrOH/H_2O体系仍具有很高的值。为了进一步提高J值,我们研制了以聚丙烯腈(PAN)微孔膜作支撑的CS复合膜, 相似文献
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将过氯乙烯(CPVC)作为渗透汽化膜材料,用于分离乙醇/水溶液,研究了膜对水和乙醇的吸附溶解性能,对乙醇/水溶液的分离性能,分离温度对膜分离性能的影响。发现过氯乙烯膜优先透水,对乙醇/水溶液选择性高而透量较小。膜的稳定性较好。 相似文献
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Rongbin Qi Yujun Wang Jiding Li Changwei Zhao Shenlin Zhu 《Journal of membrane science》2006,280(1-2):545-552
Worldwide concerns over environment have stimulated increasing interest both in academic and industry for deep desulfurization of gasoline. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite membrane was used to separate the binary and multicomponent alkane/thiophene mixtures by pervaporation. Effect of carbon number and concentration of alkane, and of feed temperature, on the separation efficiency of alkane/thiophene mixtures was investigated experimentally. Experimental results of binary mixtures indicated that the total fluxes for different alkane/thiophene mixtures decrease with increase of carbon number in the alkanes. Corresponding activation energies of permeation for alkanes in PDMS membrane increase with increase of carbon number in the alkanes. Differences of molecular size and structure of the alkanes lead to various selectivities thereof within PDMS membrane. In addition, the permeability and activation energy of thiophene in various systems differ from each other due to coupling effect which should be taken into consideration when dealing with multicomponent systems. Pervaporation results of ternary systems indicated that, the increase of content of lighter alkane in feed would result in a larger total flux, but a smaller selectivity to thiophene simultaneously. A quaternary system, the mixture of n-heptane, n-octane, n-nonane and thiophene, was employed to simulate the desulfurization process of gasoline. With the membrane having a PDMS layer of 11 μm, the total flux was measured to be about 1.65 kg/m2 h, with the corresponding enrichment factor of thiophene 3.9 at 30 °C. 相似文献
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通过对聚乙烯中空纤维光化学氯磺化反应,继而胺化和季胺化,制备了磺化聚乙烯中空纤维阴离子交换膜。以恒沸组成的异丙醇/水和85wt%乙醇/水为料液,测定了不同抗衡离子膜的渗透汽化性能。表明:该膜有极高的选择性,分离系数和渗透通量与抗衡离子密切相关,对卤素离子,α_W/A大小次序为I~->Br~->Cl~-;通量大小次序与之相反。三种抗衡离子膜的平衡吸收实验表明,该阴离子膜的选择渗透性不仅与醇水在膜中的溶解度有关,而且取决于平均扩散系数。 相似文献
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制备了藻朊酸钠/壳聚糖聚电解质复合物复合膜,研究了进料液浓度、温度等对水/乙醇体系渗透汽化特性的影响;发现膜的不同表面接触进料液时膜的分离性能不同。同时,对其它水/有机液体系,该膜也具有优异的分离性能。 相似文献
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18/8型不锈钢在受力形变条件下腐蚀电化学行为的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
应用电化学稳态技术、电化交流阻、抗微区电化学技术及扫描电等方法,研究18/8型不锈钢在Na2S2O3稀溶液中,受外力形变条件下,的腐蚀电化学行为,结果表明,力学因素可使表面腐蚀电化学活性增加,表面微裂纹的发生、消失和再钝化的动态过程,同时受电位和拉应力的影响;点腐蚀可优先发生在应力集中位置,点蚀的发展可能诱导不锈钢的应力腐蚀开裂。 相似文献
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将两种不同EW值的聚α,β,β_三氟苯乙烯(sPTFS)树脂浸入到多孔聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)膜的孔中,制成sPTFS/PTFE复合膜用于质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC).并对该复合膜的吸水率,电导率,机械强度及其装配的电池性能进行了测试.与其它均质膜相比,复合膜明显降低了吸水率,同时也降低了电导率,增加了机械强度.在电池温度为80℃,H2/O2压力为0.2/0.2MPa条件下,两种复合膜装配电池的性能优于Nofion 115膜.低EW值的复合膜电池性能优于高EW值的电池性能,但电池稳定性相对较差. 相似文献