带间耦合相互作用对MgB2超导体同位素效应指数的影响

在弱耦合极限下考虑带间相互作用,得到了二带s-波超导体临界温度Tc的公式及同位素效应指数的公式。在此模型中,耦合相互作用在每一带中包括两部分:电子-声子相互作用和非电子-声子相互作用,当Tc≈40K时,在弱耦合机制中得到MgB2的同位素效应指数αB=0.3,并且带间的电子-声子相互作用比非电子-声子作用对同位素效应指数的影响大。     

具有对称和反对称超交换相互作用的一维spin-Peierls系统的基态行为

采用Lanczos数值计算方法研究了具有Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya（DM）相互作用和Kaplan-She khtman-Entin-Wohlman-Aharony（KSEA）相互作用的一维spin-Peierls（s-P）系统的基态 行为.计算结果发现KSEA相互作用总是不利于系统二聚化，并且它还影响DM相互作用对系统 二聚化的贡献，甚至可以抵消其作用；在某些特定条件下, KSEA和DM的共同作用可以破坏系 统的二聚化基态而转化为均匀基态. 关键词： DM相互作用 KSEA相互作用 二聚化     

The symmetric and antisymmetric superexchange interactions in spin-Peierls system

The influences of Dzyaloshinskii Moriya （DM） interaction and Kaplan-Shekhtman-Entinwohlman-Aharony （KSEA） interaction on the dimerization of a spin-Peierls system are investigated theoretically by using the Lanczos numerical method. The ground state of the spin-Peierls system is still dimerized phase when both of the DM and the KSEA interactions have the same value with Heisenberg interaction. It is found that the KSEA interaction and uniform DM interaction are always against systemic dimerization, but the staggered DM interaction acts in favour of dimerization. Furthermore, the influences of the DM and the KSEA interactions are also studied in terms of the ground state index rate and the energy gap index rate of the dimerized Heisenberg system. The results show that the DM interaction makes the index rates larger, while the KSEA interaction makes them smaller.     

Approxiamation theory for unequal amplitude soliton pairs in nonliear optical fibers

The equivalent-particle approach is used to investigate the interaction of two unequal-amplitude solitons propagating in nonlinear fibers by regarding the interaction as a perturbation. The Newtonian equations for the motion of solitons are given. Results show that the interaction of an unequal-amplitude soliton pair can be approximated as the product of a local interaction factor dependent on the propagation distance and a nonlocal interaction factor independent of the propagation distance. The local factor forces soliton interaction to alternate between the attractive and the repulsive, and, on a large scale, the average of this character markedly reduces the interaction of the unequal-amplitude solitons.     

Entanglement and quantum phase transition in alternating XY spin chain with next-nearest neighbouring interactions

By using the method of density-matrix renormalization-group to solve the different spin spin correlation functions, the nearest-neighbouring entanglement （NNE） and the next-nearest-neighbouring entanglement （NNNE） of one-dimensional alternating Heisenberg XY spin chain are investigated in the presence of alternating the-nearestneighbouring interaction of exchange couplings, external magnetic fields and the next-nearest neighbouring interaction. For a dimerised ferromagnetic spin chain, the NNNE appears only above a critical dimerized interaction, meanwhile, the dimerized interaction a effects a quantum phase transition point and improves the NNNE to a large extent. We also study the effect of ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic next-nearest neighbouring （NNN） interaction on the dynamics of NNE and NNNE. The ferromagnetic NNN interaction increases and shrinks the NNE below and above a critical frustrated interaction respectively, while the antiferromagnetic NNN interaction always reduces the NNE. The antiferromagnetic NNN interaction results in a large value of NNNE compared with the case where the NNN interaction is ferromagnetic.     

Higher-order wave interactions in a periodic medium

A singular perturbation analysis of the interaction of the fundamental plane wave progressing in the direction of the sinusoidally varying permittivity of an unbounded medium with the first four space harmonics progressing in the reverse direction is carried out. The periodic inhomogeneity introduces self and mutual interaction phenomena. The self interaction, in general, produces a phase shift and causes the mutual interaction to occur for frequencies higher than those predicted by the Bragg condition. The mutual interaction introduces a complex change in the wavenumber resulting in the interacting waves becoming evanescent. Analytical expressions for the frequency shift and the other wave characteristics in the interaction region are deduced. With the increase in the order of the interaction, the frequency shift becomes a more dominant effect than the wave evanescence.     

Off-Diagonal Long-Range Order (ODLRO) Solitons and Superconductivity

The analogue between monopole-fermion interaction in the spontaneously broken gauge theory and phonon-electron interaction in the theory of superconductivity is studied. It is shown that both monopole-fermion interaction and phonon-electron interaction are characterized by the existence of the off-diagonal long-range order. Starting from the analogue between monopole-fermion interaction and phononelectron interaction the possible relevance of condensed solitons to superconductivity is also discussed.     

Zero field spin splitting in asymmetric quantum wells

Spin splitting of asymmetric quantum wells is theoretically investigated in the absence of any electric field, including the contribution of interface-related Rashba spin-orbit interaction as well as linear and cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction. The effect of interface asymmetry on three types of spin-orbit interaction is discussed. The results show that interface-related Rashba and linear Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction can be increased and cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction can be decreased by well structure design. For wide quantum wells, the cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction dominates under certain conditions, resulting in decreased spin relaxation time.     

Entanglement and Fidelity of a Spin Ladder with Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya Interaction

The spin ladder with Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction is investigated by using the quantum renormalization-group method. The entanglement and fidelity are periodic functions of the time and oscillate between zero and one. The oscillation period decreases with either the interaction in the spin ladder or the
Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction increasing. When the system relates to the environment, both entanglement and fidelity oscillate with a damping rate related to intrinsic decoherence rate, the interaction in the spin ladder, and the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction.     

Effects of electron-interface-phonon interactions on interactions between electrons in double-heterostructures

Effects of electron-interface-phonon interaction on the interaction between electrons in double heterostructures are considered. It is found that the interaction potential between electrons caused by each of four interface-phonon modes is different. For electrons moving at the two interfaces of double heterostructure, the interaction energies of the electrons produced by the interaction with antisymmetric modes are positive which indicate that the forces between electrons are repulsive. The interaction energies caused by interaction with symmetric modes are negative and the forces are attractive. The resultant of the forces are attractive and become larger when the width of potential barrier decreases for InAs/GaSb/InAs double heterostructure.     

The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in metals

The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction in metals is an important mechanism for many magnetic properties. We start with the s-d exchange model and spin-orbit interaction for weak itinerant ferromagnetic systems to establish the form of DM interaction for metallic magnetic systems. The s-d exchange interaction is treated accurately and the conduction electron-mediated magnetism gives a form of DM interaction which is different from that in insulators. The implications of our result to spiral spin states and skyrmion lattices are also discussed.     

RKKY interaction in the zigzag-edge silicene-like nanoflake

By considering the Kane-Mele-Hubbard approximation on the honeycomb lattice, we investigate the spin-spin correlation for two magnetic impurities in zigzag edge silicene-like nanoflake (ZSiLF). The dependence of the spatial behaviors of RKKY interaction on the electron-electron (e-e), intrinsic spin-orbit interactions (ISOI) and, electric field are systematically investigated. Generally, the spatial behaviors of the RKKY interaction sensitively change by changing e-e interaction and electric field strengths in the presence of ISOI. The ISOI in a ZSiLF result in long-range in-plane and Ising interactions. Moreover, e-e interaction induces non-zero Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya (DM) term and nearly distance-independent Ising interaction (similar to graphene nanoflake) in the presence of ISOI. Furthermore, with considering e-e interaction, the in-plane DM interaction increases by increasing the strengths of the electric field and ISOI.     

Systematic comparison of barriers for heavy-ion fusion calculated on the basis of the double-folding model by employing two versions of nucleon–nucleon interaction

A systematic calculation of barriers for heavy-ion fusion was performed on the basis of the double-folding model by employing two versions of an effective nucleon–nucleon interaction: M3Y interaction and Migdal interaction. The results of calculations by the Hartree–Fockmethod with the SKX coefficients were taken for nuclear densities. The calculations reveal that the fusion barrier is higher in the case of employing theMigdal interaction than in the case of employing the М3Y interaction. In view of this, the use of the Migdal interaction in describing heavy-ion fusion is questionable.     

Cr3+∶MgAl2O4晶体的基态能级分裂及Jahn-Teller效应*

构造了3d3/3d7离子在三角对称晶场中考虑自旋-轨道相互作用,自旋-自旋相互作用和自旋-其它轨道相互作用的120阶微扰哈密顿矩阵.利用完全对角化该矩阵的方法计算了Cr3+∶MgAl2O4晶体的基态能级、零场分裂参量,理论计算值与实验值相符合.定量研究了自旋二重态对基态能级的贡献,证明该贡献是不可忽略的.定量研究了自旋-轨道相互作用、自旋-自旋相互作用和自旋-其它轨道相互作用对Cr3+∶MgAl2O4晶体的光谱精细结构和零场分裂参量的影响,发现自旋-轨道和自旋-自旋相互作用对基态能级和零场分裂参量的影响的程度和方式是不同的,自旋-其它轨道相互作用的影响也是不可忽略的.通过理论计算值和实验值的比较,证实了在Cr3+∶MgAl2O4晶体中Jahn-Teller效应的存在,解释了该晶体的光谱精细结构的成因.     

计及两体和三体作用下的二维凝聚体中的孤子特性

使用多重尺度法,解析地研究计及粒子间两体和三体同时作用下二维凝聚体中孤子的特性. 结果发现,当凝聚体粒子间两体作用为排斥、三体作用为吸引时,凝聚体内会产生暗孤子环,且随着三体吸引作用的减弱,暗孤子环中心峰的高度逐渐降低,并当三体吸引作用消失时暗孤子环演化为一个完美的二维暗孤子. 当两体和三体作用均为排斥时,凝聚体中的暗孤子的宽度和幅度随着三体排斥作用的加强而减小,且当三体作用强度增加到与两体作用同一数量级时,凝聚体产生坍塌现象. 关键词： 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体 两体和三体作用 暗孤子     

Interactions and correlations of particulate inclusions in a columnar phase

We calculate the elastic-field-mediated interaction between macroscopic particles in a columnar hexagonal phase. The interaction is found to be long-ranged and non-central, with both attractive and repulsive parts. We show how the interaction modifies the particle correlations and the column fluctuations. We also calculate the interaction of particles with the topological defects of the columnar phase. The particle-defect interaction reduces the mobility of the defects. Received 14 March 2002 and Received in final form 13 August 2002 RID="a" ID="a"e-mail: rjoy@physics.iisc.ernet.in     

Exact Solution to Spin Squeezing of the Arbitrary-Range Spin Interaction and Transverse Field Model

We investigate spin squeezing effects of trapped ions in an off-resonance optical potential system using the arbitrary range spin-spin interaction and transverse Geld model.The collective spin noises at any time are analyzed exactly.The general expression of spin squeezing factor is presented for arbitrary-range spin interaction.For the nearest-neighbor and next-nearest neighbor spin interaction model,the analytic solutions are reduced from the general expressions.It is shown that the maximum spin squeezing is enhanced for the general arbitraryrange spin interaction compared with the nearest-neighbor interaction model as the long-range interaction with arbitrary sites enforces stronger correlation.     

Effective interaction of electrons in quantum wells

Effects of electron-phonon interaction on the interaction between electrons in semiconductor quantum wells are considered. It is found that the direct Coulomb potential between electrons in a quantum well is smaller than that in bulk semicondutors. The antisymmetric modes of the confined bulk phonons and interface phonons have no contribution to the effective interaction of electrons. If a well is narrow enough, the effective interaction between electrons caused by interaction with interface phonons may exceed that by interaction with confined bulk phonons. In narrower wells the effective interaction potential of electrons produced by phonons is stronger, but decreases rapidly with increasing distance between electrons.     

Dynamical stability of dipolar condensate in a parametrically modulated one-dimensional optical lattice

We study the stabilization properties of dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate in a deep one-dimensional optical lattice with an additional external parametrically modulated harmonic trap potential. Through both analytical and numerical methods, we solve a dimensionless nonlocal nonlinear discrete Gross–Pitaevskii equation with both the short-range contact interaction and the long-range dipole–dipole interaction. It is shown that, the stability of dipolar condensate in modulated deep optical lattice can be controled by coupled effects of the contact interaction, the dipolar interaction and the external modulation. The system can be stabilized when the dipolar interaction, the contact interaction, the average strength of potential and the ratio of amplitude to frequency of the modulation satisfy a critical condition. In addition, the breather state, the diffused state and the attractive-interaction-induced-trapped state are predicted. The dipolar interaction and the external modulation of the lattice play important roles in stabilizing the condensate.     

用NMR技术研究蛋白质-配体相互作用

蛋白质-配体相互作用的研究对理解生命过程、药物设计和药物筛选具有相当重要的科学意义和巨大的经济价值. NMR是研究蛋白质-配体相互作用的最有用的技术之一,有着显著的优势. 本文综述了近年来国际上用NMR技术研究蛋白质-配体相互作用的发展状况和趋势,先介绍表征蛋白质-配体相互作用的重要参数,然后介绍如何判断蛋白质或配体与复合物的化学交换类型以及所能获得的有关蛋白质-配体相互作用的信息,最后介绍具体用于研究蛋白质-配体相互作用的若干NMR技术以及基于NMR的药物筛选技术.