Transition probabilities of the X1Σ+, A1Π, B1Δ, C1Σ+, and D1Π states of the AlO+ cation

ABSTRACT

This study computes the potential energy curves of the X¹Σ⁺, A¹Π, B¹Δ, C¹Σ⁺, and D¹Π states of AlO⁺ cation and the transition dipole moments between them. The orders of the rotationless radiative lifetimes are 10–100?μs for the A¹Π state, 1–1000?ms for the B¹Δ state, 10?ns for the first well and 100?ns for the second well of the C¹Σ⁺ state, and 1?μs for the D¹Π state. Emissions of the B¹Δ–A¹Π and D¹Π–C¹Σ⁺ systems are so weak that they are hardly measured via spectroscopy, the emissions of the C¹Σ⁺–X¹Σ⁺, C¹Σ⁺–A¹Π, and D¹Π–X¹Σ⁺ systems are so strong that they can be detected readily, and emissions of the A¹Π–X¹Σ⁺ and D¹Π–A¹Π systems can be observed through spectroscopy only by a significant effort. There is a strong great similarity between spontaneous emissions of the A¹Π–X¹Σ⁺ system of the AlO⁺ cation and the A²Π–X²Σ⁺ system of the AlO radical. The emissions of the A²Π–X²Σ⁺ system of the AlO radical have been measured in outer space Therefore, it is highly possible that the emissions of the A¹Π–X¹Σ⁺ system of the AlO⁺ cation can be detected in the astrophysical media.     

Infrared spectroscopy of 17O- and 18O-enriched carbon dioxide in the 1700–8300 cm−1 wavenumber region

The assignment of the high resolution Fourier transform spectra of carbon dioxide enriched in ¹⁷O and ¹⁸O which were recorded in LADIR (Paris, France) with the Bruker IFS 125-HR between 1800 and 9000 cm^?1 and in USTC (Hefei, China) with the Bruker IFS 120-HR between 1700 and 9000 cm^?1 was performed. In total 239 bands of 12 isotopologues: ¹⁶O¹²C¹⁶O, ¹⁶O¹²C¹⁸O, ¹⁶O¹³C¹⁶O, ¹⁶O¹³C¹⁸O, ¹⁸O¹²C¹⁸O, ¹⁸O¹³C¹⁸O, ¹⁶O¹²C¹⁷O, ¹⁷O¹²C¹⁷O, ¹⁷O¹²C¹⁸O, ¹⁶O¹³C¹⁷O, ¹⁷O¹³C¹⁷O and ¹⁷O¹³C¹⁸O were observed. Among them, 99 bands were observed for the first time. The majority of new observed bands belong to ¹⁷OCO isotopologues. The positions of 23,003 lines were determined with the experimental uncertainty on the level of 0.001 cm^?1. The spectroscopic constants were fitted to the observed line positions for all observed bands.     

Molecular constants for NSCl and NSF

The complete infrared spectrum of gaseous NSCl, including the hitherto unobserved ν₃, is reported. A set of force constants for gaseous NSCl consistent with a number of pieces of independent data such as the isotopic shifts (¹⁴N³²S³⁵Cl, ¹⁵N³²S³⁵Cl, ¹⁴N³²S³⁷Cl, ¹⁵N³²S³⁷Cl, ¹⁴N³⁴S³⁵Cl and ¹⁵N³⁴S³⁵Cl), centrifugal distortion constants (¹⁴N³²S³⁵Cl), and the inertia defect (¹⁴N³²S³⁵Cl) has been computed. Also, the force field of NSF has been redetermined using the vibrational frequencies and the centrifugal distortion constants.     

High-resolution infrared spectroscopy of NNO and NNO in the 1200–3500 cm region

We present a continuation of our investigation of the second most abundant isotopic species of nitrous oxide, ¹⁴N¹⁵N¹⁶O and ¹⁵N¹⁴N¹⁶O, in the infrared (IR). Our two previous contributions looked at the 3500–9000 cm⁻¹ region for ¹⁴N¹⁵N¹⁶O and ¹⁵N¹⁴N¹⁶O, respectively, in the 3500–9000 cm⁻¹ region. The use of highly enriched isotopologue samples in this study allowed us to go further into the IR, down to 1200 cm⁻¹. A total of 2 2742 transitions have been assigned based on the effective Hamiltonian model, with 108 of them being reported here for the first time. Rovibrational analyses of 98, 101, 8, 3, 6, 1 and 1 bands for the ¹⁴N¹⁵N¹⁶O, ¹⁵N¹⁴N¹⁶O, ¹⁵N¹⁵N¹⁶O, ¹⁴N¹⁵N¹⁸O, ¹⁵N¹⁴N¹⁸O, ¹⁴N¹⁵N¹⁷O and ¹⁵N¹⁴N¹⁷O isotopologues, respectively, were also performed.     

Electronic structure and fluorescence spectrum of the HeO+ cation

Quantum-mechanical calculations of the potential curves of the HeO⁺ ion are preformed which correlate with four lower dissociation limits and indicate the excimer type of the ion. The transition dipole moments of the 2²Σ^?→1²Σ^? and 2⁴Σ^?→1⁴Σ ^? transitions are calculated. The energies and radiative lifetimes of vibrational levels are determined and structural and spectroscopic constants of the states 1²Σ^?, 2²Σ^?, 1⁴Σ^?, and 2⁴Σ^? are calculated. The fluorescence spectrum corresponding to the 2²Σ^?→1²Σ^? and 2⁴Σ^?→1⁴Σ ^? transitions is also calculated. The possibility of lasing at these transitions is discussed.     

Nonstatistical structures in the excitation functions of20Ne(16O,12C)24Mg and20Ne(16O,20Ne)16O reactions

The data on the excitation functions of²⁰Ne(¹⁶O,¹²C)²⁴Mg,²⁰Ne(¹⁶O,¹²C)²⁴Mg^*(1.37, 2⁺),²⁰Ne(¹⁶O,¹²C)²⁴Mg^*(4.12, 4⁺+4.24, 2⁺) +²⁰Ne(¹⁶O,¹²C^*(4.44, 2⁺))²⁴Mg,²⁰Ne(¹⁶O,¹²C)²⁴Mg^*(6.01, 4⁺+6.43, 0⁺),²⁰Ne(¹⁶O,²⁰Ne)¹⁶O,²⁰Ne(¹⁶O,²⁰Ne^*(1.63, 2⁺))¹⁶O, and²⁰Ne(¹⁶O,²⁰Ne^*(4.25, 4⁺))¹⁶O reactions atθ _lab=13° fromE _c.m.=22.8 to 38.6 MeV have been subjected to a statistical analysis comprising of the calculations of the distribution of cross sections, deviation functions, cross-correlation functions, summed excitation functions, cross-channel correlation coefficients and coherence widths. The analysis confirms the existence of nonstatistical structures atE _c.m.=24.6, 27.8, 31.7 and 35.5 MeV, and identifies a new structure of the same nature atE _c.m. =25.6 MeV.     

Role of thermal and photobeta decays in processes of nucleosynthesis of problematic p nuclei of 113In, 115Sn, 92,94Mo, and 96,98Ru in massive stars

The temperature dependence of the rates of ¹¹³Cd →¹¹³In, ¹¹⁵In →¹¹⁵Sn, ⁹²Zr→⁹²Nb →⁹²Mo, ⁹⁴Zr→⁹⁴Nb →⁹⁴Mo, ⁹⁶Mo →⁹⁶Tc→⁹⁶Ru, and ⁹⁸Mo→⁹⁸Tc→⁹⁸Ru thermal beta transitions was studied at temperatures of massive-star matter in the range of 1 × 10⁸–6 × 10⁹ K. These decays are the possible channel of synthesis of the p nuclei of ¹¹³In, ¹¹⁵Sn, ⁹²,⁹⁴Mo, and ⁹⁶,⁹⁸Ru. The abundances of these nuclei present a challenge for models that study the explosivemechanism of synthesis. The contribution of photobeta decay to the synthesis of the aforementioned p nuclei was estimated. It was shown that the channel of thermal beta decay for ¹¹³In, ¹¹⁵Sn, ⁹⁴Mo, and ⁹⁸Ru p nuclei and the channel of photobeta decay for the ⁹⁶Mo p nucleus could be efficient at the high-temperature quasiequilibrium stage of massive-star evolution.     

ee Annihilation into two hadrons in the energy interval 1400–2400 MeV

The proof is given for the existence of the reaction e⁺e⁻ → h^±h^? in the energy range 1400–2400 MeV, and its energy dependence is compared with that of e⁺e⁻ → e^±e^?, in the same experimental conditions of observation. The exponent of the s-dependence of the ratio α = (e⁺e⁻ → h^±h^?)/ (e⁺e⁻ → e^±e^?) is measured to be n = 2.08 ± 0.45, in the s-range (1.96 − 5.76) GeV², on the basis of 51 e⁺e⁻ → h^±h^? events and 8918 e⁺e⁻ → e^±e^? events observed.     

Precision atomic mass spectrometry with applications to fundamental constants, neutrino physics, and physical chemistry

We present a summary of precision atomic mass measurements of stable isotopes carried out at Florida State University. These include the alkalis ⁶Li, ²³Na, ^39,41K, ^85,87Rb, ¹³³Cs; the rare gas isotopes ^84,86Kr and ^{129,130,132,136}Xe; ^17,18O, ¹⁹F, ²⁸Si, ³¹P, ³²S; and various isotope pairs of importance to neutrino physics, namely ^74,76Se/^74,76Ge, ¹³⁰Xe/¹³⁰Te, and ¹¹⁵In/¹¹⁵Sn. We also summarize our Penning trap measurements of the dipole moments of PH^?+? and HCO^?+?.     

Statistical analysis of24Mg+24Mg elastic and inelastic scattering

The data on the excitation functions of²⁴Mg+²⁴Mg elastic and inelastic (²⁴Mg +²⁴Mg^*(2⁺),²⁴Mg^*(2⁺)+²⁴Mg^*(2⁺),²⁴Mg+²⁴Mg^*(4⁺),²⁴Mg^*(4⁺)+²⁴Mg^*(2⁺),²⁴Mg+²⁴Mg^*(6⁺)) scattering fromE _c.m=42 to 56 MeV have been subjected to a statistical analysis consisting of calculations of deviation function, cross-correlation function, cross-channel correlation coefficients, coherence widths, and the distribution of cross sections. On the basis of the analysis resonant structures atE _c.m=45.70, 46.65, 47.35 and 47.75 MeV have been confirmed. Two new resonant structures atE _c.m=44.55 and 50.50 MeV have been identified.     

N2O同位素的紫外光解：同位素分馏和产物的转动量子态分布

采用时间依赖的量子波包法研究¹⁴N¹⁴N¹⁶O、¹⁴N¹⁵N¹⁶O、¹⁵N¹⁴N¹⁶O、¹⁵N¹⁵N¹⁶O、¹⁴N¹⁴N¹⁷O和¹⁴N^{14相似文献}   

High sensitivity CW-cavity ring down spectroscopy of CO2 near 1.35 μm (I): line positions

The absorption spectrum of carbon dioxide in natural isotopic abundance has been investigated by CW-cavity ring down spectroscopy with a new setup based on fibred distributed feedback (DFB) laser diodes. By using a series of 25 DFB lasers, the CO₂ spectrum was recorded in the 7123–7793 cm⁻¹ region with a typical sensitivity of 3×10⁻¹⁰ cm⁻¹. A 2125 transitions with intensities as low as 1×10⁻²⁹ cm/molecule were detected and assigned to the ¹²C¹⁶O₂, ¹⁶O¹²C¹⁷O and ¹⁶O¹²C¹⁸O isotopologues. For comparison, only 357 of them were previously reported from Venus spectra and 344 transitions were included in the 2004 version of the HITRAN database. The band by band analysis has led to the determination of the rovibrational parameters of 28, 2 and 6 bands for the ¹²C¹⁶O₂, ¹⁶O¹²C¹⁷O and ¹⁶O¹²C¹⁸O isotopologue, respectively. While the uncertainty on the experimental line positions is on the order of 5×10⁻⁴ cm⁻¹, the average deviation from the ¹²C¹⁶O₂ calculated values provided by the most recent version of the carbon dioxide spectroscopic databank (CDSD) is −2.8×10⁻³ cm⁻¹ with an root mean square (rms) deviation of 3.5×10⁻³ cm⁻¹. Maximum deviations in the order of 0.02 and 0.12 cm⁻¹ were evidenced for some bands of the ¹⁶O¹²C¹⁷O and ¹⁶O¹²C¹⁸O minor isotopologues. The obtained results improve significantly the previous measurements from Venus spectra and will be valuable to refine the sets of effective Hamiltonian parameters used to generate the CDSD database.     

Spectroscopic database of CO2 line parameters: 4300-7000 cm

A new spectroscopic database for carbon dioxide in the near infrared is presented to support remote sensing of the terrestrial planets (Mars, Venus and the Earth). The compilation contains over 28,500 transitions of 210 bands from 4300 to 7000 cm⁻¹ and involves nine isotopologues: ¹⁶O¹²C¹⁶O (626), ¹⁶O¹³C¹⁶O (636), ¹⁶O¹²C¹⁸O (628), ¹⁶O¹²C¹⁷O (627), ¹⁶O¹³C¹⁸O (638), ¹⁶O¹³C¹⁷O (637), ¹⁸O¹²C¹⁸O (828), ¹⁷O¹²C¹⁸O (728) and ¹⁸O¹³C¹⁸O (838). Calculated line positions, line intensities, Lorentz half-width and pressure-induced shift coefficients for self- and air-broadening are taken from our recent measurements and are presented for the Voigt molecular line shape. The database includes line intensities for 108 bands measured using the McMath-Pierce Fourier transform spectrometer located on Kitt Peak, Arizona. The available broadening parameters (half-widths and pressure-induced shifts) of ¹⁶O¹²C¹⁶O are applied to all isotopologues. Broadening coefficients are computed using empirical expressions that have been fitted to the experimental data. There are limited data for the temperature dependence of widths and so no improvement has been made for those parameters. The line intensities included in the catalog vary from 4×10⁻³⁰ to 1.29×10⁻²¹ cm⁻¹/(molecule cm⁻²) at 296 K. The total integrated intensity for this spectral interval is 5.9559×10⁻²⁰ cm⁻¹/(molecule cm⁻²) at 296 K.     

Superheavy research in Japan

At RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research) in Japan, we have performed experiments to study the productions and decays of the heaviest elements produced by one-neutron emission channels of ²⁰⁸Pb and ²⁰⁹Bi based heavy-ion-induced fusion reactions. A gas-filled-type recoil separator has been used for collecting evaporation residues of the reactions separating them from high intensity beam particles. The reactions studied were ²⁰⁸Pb(⁵⁸Fe,n)²⁶⁵Hs, ²⁰⁸Pb(⁶⁴Ni,n)²⁷¹Ds, ²⁰⁹Bi(⁶⁴Ni,n)²⁷²Rg, ²⁰⁸Pb(⁷⁰Zn, n) ²⁷⁷112, and ²⁰⁹Bi(⁷⁰Zn,n)²⁷⁸113. In studies of the first four reactions we have provided the independent confirmations of the productions and their decays of the isotopes, ²⁶⁵Hs, ²⁷¹Ds, ²⁷²Rg, and ²⁷⁷112, as well as the decay properties of their decay daughters, previously studied by Hofmann et al., a group of Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Germany. In the last reaction, we observed two decay chains originated from the isotope ²⁷⁸113, assigned firstly by generic correlation of the alpha decay chains connected into the previously known decay of ²⁶⁶Bh and ²⁶²Db via previously unknown alpha decays of ²⁷⁸113, ²⁷⁴Rg and ²⁷⁰Mt.     

The evaluation of half-lives and other decay data used in nuclear astrophysics and cosmochronology

The current status of some decay data used in nuclear astrophysics and cosmochronology is presented. The half-life of ⁷⁹Se has been evaluated as 3.6(3) × 10⁵ yr. The total energy of non-neutrino radiation released in act of ³⁷Ar decay has been obtained being 2.709 (16) keV per disintegration. The recommended half-life values of the long-lived radionuclides (T _1/2 ≳ 10⁶ yr) of ²⁶Al, ⁴⁰K, ⁵³Mn, ⁶⁰Fe, ⁸⁷Rb, ⁹³Zr, ⁹⁸Tc, ¹⁰⁷Pd, ¹²⁹I, ¹³⁵Cs, ¹⁴⁶Sm, ¹⁷⁶Lu, ¹⁸²Hf, ¹⁸⁷Re, ²⁰⁵Pb, ²³²Th, ²³⁵U, ²³⁸U, ²⁴⁴Pu, and ²⁴⁷Cm are given based on the evaluations published until 2010.     

Searching for the process e+e- → K+K-π0 in experiments with the spherical neutral detector at VEPP-2M

We have searched for the process e⁺e^- → K⁺K^-π⁰ at energies up to 1.38 GeVin an experiment with the spherical neutral detector at the VEPP-2M e⁺e^- collider. The upper limits of the cross sections for the processes σ(e⁺e →; φπ: → K⁺K^-π⁰) < 0.023 nb and σ(e⁺e^- → KK*(892) → K⁺K^-π⁰) < 0.059 nb have been established at a 95% confidence level.     

Effective interactions in the Λ-α and Λ-Λ-α systems

The neutron-rich nuclei³³Si,³⁴Si,³⁵Si,³⁵P,³⁶P,³⁷S and³⁸S were investigated by studying¹⁴C and¹⁸O — induced transfer reactions on³⁶S using aQ3D magnetic spectrograph and a position sensitive focal plane gas detector. The previously unknown mass of the isotope³⁵Si was determined. The accuracy of the mass excess values of the isotopes³³Si,³⁴Si,³⁵P and³⁶P has been improved. Excited states of the isotopes³³Si,³⁴Si,³⁵P,³⁶P and³⁸S were identified for the first time. In addition theγ-decay of excited states in³⁷S and³⁸S was studied with a Ge(Li) detector in coincidence with theQ3D focal plane detector. Experimental values for the mass excesses are compared with published mass formulae.     

Reactions of massive nuclei for the synthesis of heavy and superheavy nuclei

We study the effect of the entrance channel and the shell structure of reacting massive nuclei on the fusion mechanism and the formation of evaporation residues of heavy and superheavy nuclei. In the framework of the combined dinuclear system concept and advanced statistical model, we analyze the reactions ³²S+¹⁸²W, ⁴⁸Ti+¹⁶⁶Er and ⁶⁰Ni+¹⁵⁴Sm leading to ²¹⁴Th^*, and the reactions ⁴⁸Ca+²⁴⁸Cm and the ⁴⁸Ca+²⁴⁹Cf leading to the ²⁹⁶116 and ²⁹⁷118 compound nuclei, respectively.     

Global Multi-isotopologue fit of measured rotation and vibration–rotation line positions of CO in X1Σ+ state and new set of mass-independent Dunham coefficients

A set of mass-independent U_mj and Δ_mj parameters globally describing vibration–rotation energy levels of the CO molecule in the X¹Σ⁺ ground electronic state was fitted to more than 19,000 transitions of ¹²C¹⁶O, ¹³C¹⁶O, ¹⁴C¹⁶O, ¹²C¹⁷O, ¹³C¹⁷O, ¹²C¹⁸O, and ¹³C¹⁸O isotopologues collected from the literature. The maximal values of the vibrational V and the rotational J quantum numbers included in the fit was 41 and 128, respectively. The weighted standard deviation of the fit is .66. Fitted parameters were used for calculation of Dunham coefficients Y_mj for nine isotopologues ¹²C¹⁶O, ¹³C¹⁶O, ¹⁴C¹⁶O, ¹²C¹⁷O, ¹³C¹⁷O, ¹⁴C¹⁷O, ¹²C¹⁸O, ¹³C¹⁸O, and ¹⁴C¹⁸O. Calculated transition frequencies based on the fitted parameters were compared with previously reported. A critical analysis of the CO HITRAN and HITEMP data is also presented.     

Ultraviolet and visible upconversion luminescence of Tm(0.1)Yb(5):FOV oxyfluoride nanophase vitroceramics

The ultraviolet upconversion luminescence of Tm³⁺ ions sensitized by Yb³⁺ ions in oxyfluoride nanophase vitroceramics when excited by a 975 nm diode laser was studied. An ultraviolet upconversion luminescence line positioned at 363.6 nm was found. It was attributed to the fluorescence transition of ¹D₂→³H₆ of Tm³⁺ ion. Several visible upconversion luminescence lines at 450.7 nm, (477.0 nm, 462.5 nm), 648.5 nm, (680.5 nm, 699.5 nm) and (777.2 nm, 800.7 nm) were also found, which result respectively from the fluorescence transitions of ¹D₂→³F₄, ¹G₄→³H₆, ¹G₄→³F₄, ³F₃→³H₆ and ³H₄→³H₆ of Tm³⁺ ion. The careful measurement and analysis of the variation of upconversion luminescence intensity F as a function of the 975 nm pumping laser power P prove that the upconversion luminescence of ¹D₂ state is partly a five-photon upconversion luminescence, and the upconversion luminescence of ¹G₄ state and ³H₄ state are respectively the three-photon and two-photon upconversion luminescence. The theoretical analysis suggested that the upconversion mechanism of the 363.6 nm ¹D₂→³H₆ upconversion luminescence is partly the cross energy transfer of {³H₄(Tm³⁺), ³F₄(Tm³⁺), ¹G₄(Tm³⁺)→¹D₂(Tm³⁺)} and {¹G₄(Tm³⁺)→³F₄(Tm³⁺), ³H₄(Tm³⁺)→¹D₂(Tm³⁺)} between Tm³⁺ ions. In addition, the upconversion luminescence of ¹G₄ and ³H₄ state results respectively from the sequential energy transfer {²F_5/2(Yb³⁺)→²F_7/2(Yb³⁺), ³H₄(Tm³⁺)→¹G₄(Tm³⁺)} and {²F_5/2(Yb³⁺) →²F_7/2(Yb³⁺), ³F₄(Tm³⁺)→³F₂(Tm³⁺)} from Yb³⁺ ions to Tm³⁺ ions. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10674019)