HoVO4相变的高压拉曼光谱和理论计算研究

利用高温固相反应法制备了纯相的HoVO₄,并在0–21.25 GPa压强范围内测定了HoVO₄的拉曼光谱. 通过分析其拉曼峰的频移和劈裂变化情况,发现HoVO₄在9.3 GPa发生相变. 根据第一性原理选取并优化相似体系的高压晶体结构,将其与HoVO₄的常压锆石矿型I4₁/amd结构进行了能量比较,确认HoVO₄ 相变结构为白钨矿型结构（I4₁/a）. 研究结果表明,HoVO₄具有ScVO₄和YVO₄体系的从锆石矿型结构（I4₁/amd）至白钨矿型结构的相变过程. 分析对应结构相的体积随压强的变化,发现体积坍塌对该相变起重要作用. 上述研究结果有助于了解HoVO₄的高压结构以及该材料在高压特殊条件下的应用. 关键词： 锆石矿型结构 白钨矿型结构 拉曼光谱 第一性原理     

DyVO4高压拉曼光谱研究

利用金刚石压腔和拉曼光谱研究了DyVO4的压缩行为.结果 表明:DyVO4在0-35.4 GPa发生了两次相变.第一次相变在7.8±0.5 GPa开始,在13.3 GPa结束,DyVO4从锆石相不可逆地转变成白钨矿相,这个相变伴随着锆石相拉曼峰的消失和白钨矿相拉曼峰的出现,光谱特征清晰.第二个相变发生在约21.9 GP...     

压电材料Na0.5K0.5NbO3高压相变的拉曼光谱研究

Na_0.5K_0.5NbO₃是一种不含铅的新型压电材料。理解该物质在高压下的晶体结构变化,有助于深入认识并提高其材料的稳定性及压电性能。然而目前关于该物质在高压下的相结构演化过程还缺少实验研究。本工作采用基于金刚石对顶砧(DAC)的高压拉曼光谱技术,研究了Na_0.5K_0.5NbO₃的高压拉曼光谱特性与压致相变行为。研究发现Na_0.5K_0.5NbO₃在高压环境下由于NbO₆八面体的振动模式发生改变,会依次发生正交相到四方相和四方相到立方相的可逆相变过程,其相变压力分别为4.0～5.5 GPa和5.5～6.4 GPa。     

C70纳米/亚微米棒的高压相变研究

通过溶剂挥发法获得了准一维C70纳米/亚微米棒状晶体,直径为～500nm, 长度为～10μm,呈六方密堆(hcp)结构. 利用金刚石对顶砧(DAC)高压装置,采用同步辐射能量色散X光能量色散衍射方法(EDXD)和高压拉曼光谱,研究了压力对C70纳米/亚微米棒结构的影响, 实验中最高压力为26.1GPa. 结果表明, 在准静水压条件下,在23.3—26.1GPa压力范围内, hcp结构的C70纳米/亚微米棒发生了由hcp结构向非晶化的相变,相变压力比体材料高约5GPa, 该相变是不可逆相变, 而且该相变是由于C70在高压下笼状结构被破坏所导致的.     

BaF2高压相变行为的第一性原理研究

通过理论计算研究了BaF₂在高压下的晶体结构及物理性质.结果表明,在3.5和18.3 GPa,BaF₂依次经历了Fm■m-Pnma-P6₃/mmc两次结构相变,相变过程伴随着体积的塌缩,均为一级相变.约15 GP时,Pnma相晶轴压缩性出现异常,表现为随压强增大,晶轴b_o轻微增加,a_o略微减小.对其电子态密度进行分析发现,在16 GPa以后,由于F1原子的p_y+p_z与p_x轨道电子离域,导致其带隙随压强增加而降低.在约20 GPa时,Pnma相完全转变为P6₃/mmc相,相变完成.对BaF₂的拉曼峰位随压强变化进行了计算,为其高压拉曼光谱行为提供了相应的理论依据.计算了P6₃/mmc相在不同压强下的声子色散曲线,揭示了其卸压过程中的滞后机制,计算结果还预测该物相至少可以稳定到80 GPa.     

金刚烷的高压拉曼光谱研究

对金刚烷(C_(10)H_(16))进行了常温原位高压拉曼光谱研究,最高压力为25 GPa。通过分析高压拉曼光谱,结合拉曼频移随压力的变化情况,得出在实验压力范围内C_(10)H_(16)发生了多次相变。0.6 GPa时,C_(10)H_(16)由常温常压下的无序相(α相)转变为有序相(β相);继续加压至1.7 GPa时,第2次结构相变开始,直至3.2 GPa,第2次相变完全结束;第3次相变开始于6.3 GPa,结束于7.7 GPa;22.9 GPa时发生了第4次结构相变。另外,首次在拉曼光谱上探测到第3次相变过程中晶格振动峰的变化,说明第3次相变并非前人报道的等结构相变。     

In2（MoO4)3晶体的高压拉曼振动研究

钼酸铟(In2(MoO4)3)由于其独特的负热膨胀性质,已被广泛应用于燃料电池、光学器件、激光材料等方面. 为了进一步探讨其晶体结构和物理性质,本工作在金刚石对顶砧上原位测量了In2(MoO4)3 的高压拉曼光谱,最高压力达到18 GPa. 在研究的压力范围内,本工作观察到了两次相变. 首先,In2(MoO4)3在压力为1.2 GPa 时, 发生了 由从P21/a相到低对称结构的相转变. 在压力为5.8 GPa 时, 样品又发生了从晶相到非晶相的第二次相转变. 卸压后样品仍为非晶相,说明In2(MoO4)3 在高压下的非晶相变为不可逆相变.      

C3N4的高温高压同步辐射研究

利用激光加热金刚石对顶砧技术在高温高压条件下合成了纯beta相和立方相C₃N₄beta相C₃N₄所属对称群为P63/M (176).对石墨相与beta相C₃N₄的X射线衍射结果进行了精确分析, 得到优化晶胞参数.原位高压同步辐射X射线衍射分析表明, 在6GPa时由beta相到立方相C₃N₄的相转变已经发生, 之后两相共存直到19GPa时相变结束得到纯立方相C₃N₄.     

正磷酸盐晶体Ba3(PO4)2和Sr3(PO4)2高温拉曼光谱研究

测量了碱土金属正磷酸盐Ba₃(PO₄)₂和Sr₃(PO₄)₂常温及高温拉曼光谱, 对拉曼振动模式进行指认, 并分析了晶体拉曼振动光谱及晶体结构在高温下的变化. 在温度升高的过程中, 拉曼振动频率向低频移动且振动峰宽度展宽, 晶体中的P-O平均键长随温度升高而变长, 但O-P-O的键角并未发生变化. 晶体在900 ℃以下无结构相变发生. 关键词： 3(PO₄)₂和Sr₃(PO₄)₂')" href="#">Ba₃(PO₄)₂和Sr₃(PO₄)₂ 高温拉曼光谱 振动模式 高温结构     

高氯酸钠高压相变的拉曼光谱证据

利用金刚石压腔高压装置,在0~20GPa压力范围对高氯酸钠(NaClO4)开展室温高压原位拉曼光谱测试,结合密度函数理论,计算NaClO_4几种可能结构的拉曼光谱,研究NaClO_4的压致相变现象,并确定其高压相晶体结构。实验结果显示:常温下硬石膏型结构的NaClO_4在约4GPa时开始相变,在低压相ClO-4四面体内模振动ν_1(Ag)拉曼峰的低波数侧出现新峰,并在ν_2、ν_3、ν_4波数区出现多个新峰,反映高压相仍保持ClO-4四面体配位特征;如同NaClO_4低压相,高压相也未观察到离子间的晶格振动峰;相变在6.1GPa时转变完全,直到最高实验压力19.5GPa,也没有观察到进一步的相变现象。卸压过程中,于3.1GPa开始从高压相转变成低压硬石膏相,1.7GPa时相变完成。对比8.8GPa实验观察的NaClO4高压相拉曼光谱和理论计算的8.0GPa时3种可能高压相(AgMnO_4型、重晶石型和独居石型)的拉曼光谱发现,实验观测结果与计算的独居石型结构基本一致,而与AgMnO_4型结构和重晶石型结构有明显差别。由此确定实验观察的NaClO_4高压相为独居石型结构,与相同结构的典型矿物硬石膏(CaSO_4)于2GPa转变成独居石结构相一致。上述实验现象表明,NaClO_4在4GPa左右发生可逆的重构型相变,与文献报道的NaClO_4于2GPa左右转变成AgMnO_4型结构、于3GPa左右进一步转变成重晶石型结构不一致,推测可能与他们的样品中含有少量水有关,或与高温高压实验环境有关,高压同时高温也许导致NaClO_4更复杂的变化。研究结果对于理解火星上广泛存在的高氯酸盐是否与火星内部火山作用相关,以及地球内部氯元素在板块俯冲、地幔柱等物质循环过程中的可能变化和作用有所助益。     

Pressure effect on phase transition in ferroelectic polymers

Pressure effects of phase transition behaviour in two kinds of ferroelectric polymers of poly(vinylidene fluoride), PVDF, and copolymers of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene, (VDF/TrFE), are discussed. In the case of PVDF, several high-pressure treatments including a high-pressure annealing and a uniaxial compression were shown to induce a crystal transformation from a non-polar Form II crystal to a polar Form I crystal, which has ferroelectric characteristics and high piezoelectric activity. In addition, substantial pressure effects on ferroelectric phase transition points as well as crystal structures were observed for (VDF/TrFE) copolymers with different VDF contents. The most significant pressure effects were observed for copolymer samples with unstable ferroelectric structures at atmospheric pressure. From high-pressure X-ray and Raman scattering studies, these pressure effects were suggested to originate from the pressure-induced conformational transition from gauche to trans in the molecular chains.     

Phase transition in the layered perovskite CsScF4 induced by hydrostatic pressure

Using polarization microscopy and Raman scattering, we have discovered a new phase transition in the layered perovskite crystal CsScF₄ under a hydrostatic pressure around 6 GPa. The proposed space group of the high-pressure phase is C _2h ² , Z=4. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 41, 1683–1685 (September 1999)     

High-pressure phase transition of Bi2Fe4O9

The high-pressure behaviour of Bi2Fe4O9 was analysed by in situ powder and single-crystal x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Pressures up to 34.3(8) GPa were generated using the diamond anvil cell technique. A reversible phase transition is observed at approximately 6.89(6) GPa and the high-pressure structure is stable up to 26.3(1) GPa. At higher pressures the onset of amorphization is observed. The crystal structures were refined from single-crystal data at ambient pressure and pressures of 4.49(2), 6.46(2), 7.26(2) and 9.4(1) GPa. The high-pressure structure is isotypic to the high-pressure structure of Bi2Ga4O9. The lower phase transition pressure of Bi2Fe4O9 with respect to that of Bi2Ga4O9 (16 GPa) confirms the previously proposed strong influence of cation substitution on the high-pressure stability and the misfit of Ga3+ and Fe3+ in tetrahedral coordination at high pressure. A fit of a second-order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state to the p–V data results in K0 = 74(3) GPa for the low-pressure phase and K0 = 79(2) GPa for the high-pressure phase. The mode Grüneisen parameters were obtained from Raman-spectroscopic measurements.     

Tetragonal high-pressure phase of InI predicted from first principles

Ab initio particle swarm optimization algorithm for crystal structural prediction was employed to uncover the high-pressure crystal structure of indium iodide (InI). We have predicted one tetragonal high-pressure phase for InI with P4/nmm symmetry, which is energetically much superior to the previously proposed CsCl-type structure. The P4/nmm-InI possesses alternative stacking of double I and In layers. The arrangement of adjacent I and In layers of P4/nmm-InI is similar to that of the CsCl-type structure. The calculated electronic density of states supports a metallic character for this tetragonal phase that is similar to the high-pressure behavior of IIA-VIB families. Furthermore, the phase transition path from the ambient pressure TlI-InI→P4/nmm-InI has been discussed.     

RuX2 (X=P、As、Sb) 家族化合物中的压力诱导的超导和拓扑相变

作为热电材料 FeSb2 的姊妹材料，RuSb2 被广泛研究，但以前的工作主要集中在与 FeSb2 的比较上，尚未对 RuSb2 在压力下的性质进行深入研究。在本文中，我们研究了 RuSb2 在压力 下的性质，并探讨了其与 Ru 的磷族化合物 RuP2 和 RuAs2 之间晶体和电子结构的异同。我们 用晶体结构搜索方法结合第一性原理计算，发现该族化合物经历了一系列结构相变：（I）RuSb2： Pnnm → I4/mcm → I4/mmm；(II) RuP2：Pnnm → I41/amd → Cmcm；(III) RuAs2： Pnnm → P-62m。新发现的五个相在高压下都是热力学和动力学稳定的，并表现出金属性。RuSb2 和 RuP2 的四个高压相在泄压到零压后动力学依旧稳定。我们计算得到 RuSb2 的 I4/mcm 和 I4/mmm 相以及 RuP2 的 I41/amd 和 Cmcm 相的超导转变温度在 0 GPa 时分别约为 7.3 K、 10.9 K、13.0 K 和 10.1 K。另外，RuSb2 的 I4/mcm 和 I4/mmm 相以及 RuP2 的 I41/amd 相还具有拓扑非平庸的表面态。我们的研究表明，压力是调节 Ru 的磷族化合物结构、电子和超 导性质的有效方法。     

Ag掺杂氧化锌纳米材料的制备及高压相变拉曼光谱研究

宽禁带直接带隙半导体材料氧化锌（ZnO）,具有优异的光电性能、机械性能和化学特性。ZnO材料的结构对其性能影响较大,元素掺杂可改变ZnO晶体结构和带隙宽度,是提升ZnO材料性能的有效手段,当前常用Ag掺杂ZnO即为提高光催化反应效率。高压独立于温度、成分,是调控材料结构组织性能的重要手段,是产生新材料、发现新调控原理的重要因素。该研究通过对比纯ZnO晶体和Ag掺杂ZnO晶体的高压相变行为,揭示了元素掺杂对ZnO纳米晶体材料结构性能的影响。研究首先采用水热法辅助制备纯ZnO纳米微球和Ag掺杂ZnO纳米微球（1∶150Ag/ZnO）,表征结果显示水热法合成的纯ZnO和1∶150Ag/ZnO均为六角纤锌矿晶体结构,形貌均为几十纳米尺寸小颗粒堆积形成的微球,ZnO晶格常数随着Ag离子掺杂而变大,Ag掺杂导致ZnO晶格膨胀。随后应用金刚石压腔结合原位拉曼光谱技术测定了纯ZnO和Ag掺杂ZnO的高压结构相变行为。相比于纯ZnO拉曼峰,Ag掺杂ZnO的E₂（high）振动模式439 cm-1拉曼峰峰宽变窄,并呈现向低频方向移动的趋势,与无定形ZnO谱峰相近,表明Ag+取代Zn2+影响了Zn-O键,同时也影响了ZnO晶格结构的长程有序性。随体系压力增大,表征六角纤锌矿结构ZnO的拉曼特征峰439 cm-1出现瞬间弱化和宽化。压力增大至9.0 GPa时,纤锌矿结构ZnO拉曼特征峰439 cm-1消失,585 cm-1处出现新峰,ZnO晶体发生由六角纤锌矿向岩盐矿的结构转变。压力继续增大至11.5 GPa,新的拉曼峰显著增强,峰形变窄,同时向高波数方向移动,相变完成,岩盐矿结构ZnO性能稳定。1∶150 Ag/ZnO从六角纤锌矿结构到立方岩盐结构的相变压力为7.2 GPa,低于纯ZnO。相变压力降低表明晶体结构稳定性下降,可能的原因在于掺杂Ag导致ZnO晶格膨胀,晶体结构松弛,两相相对体积变化增加,从而导致相变势垒降低,使样品在较低压力下发生相变。纳米材料的高压研究揭示了元素掺杂对材料结构稳定性的影响,是纳米材料调控原理的潜在研究手段。     

Pressure-induced structural and electronic transition in KTb(MoO4)2 through Raman and optical studies

Raman and optical absorption studies under pressure have been conducted on KTb(MoO₄)₂ up to 35.5 GPa. A phase transformation occurs at 2.7 GPa when the crystal is pressurized at ambient temperature in a hydrostatic pressure medium. The sample changes to a deep yellow color at the transition and visibly contracts in theα-axis direction. The color shifts to red on further pressure increase. The Raman spectral features and the X-ray powder pattern change abruptly at the transition indicating a structural change. The pressure-induced transition appears to be a property of the layer-type alkali rare earth dimolybdates. However, the color change at the transition in KTb(MoO₄)₂ is rather unusual and is attributed to a valence change in Tb initiated by the structural transition and consequent intervalence charge transfer between Tb and Mo.In situ high pressure X-ray diffraction data suggest that phase II could be orthorhombic with a unit cell having 3 to 4% smaller volume than that of phase I.     

RAMAN STUDIES ON THE PHASE TRANSITIONS OF (NH4)2SnBr6 CRYSTALS

We report here the structural phase transitions of the crystal (NH₄)₂SnBr₆ investigated by Raman scattering at temperatures ranging from 10K to room temperature. Two phase transitions occurring at 150 and ll0K are found. Based on the group theory, it is proposed that the crystal undergoes a second-order phase transition at 150 K, resulting from a ferro-distortion with symmetry Γ⁴⁺. The change of structure is confirmed to be O⁵_h to C⁵_4h, which is assigned to the rotary of [SnBr₆]^2- ion groups around the axis of <001>. Furthermore the crystal undergoes an order-disorder phase transition at ll0K which is related with the reorientation of the ammonium ion group. It is noticed that the change of the vibrational modes at 77K does not show any phase transition.     

Dynamics of the BiTeI lattice at high pressures

Raman measurements of the phonon spectrum of BiTeI at pressures of up to 20 GPa have been performed. A decrease in the linewidth of E² vibration by almost a factor of 2 with an increase in the pressure to 3 GPa has been detected. The frequencies of all four Raman active modes increase monotonically with the pressure. These lines are observed in spectra up to ～8 GPa. Sharp change in the spectrum occurs at pressures of 8–9 GPa, indicating a transition to the high-pressure phase, which holds up to 20 GPa. This transition is reversible and hardly has any hysteresis. A sample in the high-pressure phase is single crystal.     

The vibration spectrum and high temperature phase transition of NaBF_4 single crystal

The polarized Raman spectrum of NaBF_4 single crystal measured by use of different geometric arrangements are reported. The obvious anisotropy of the crystal results in the degradation of degenerated modes of BF_4. Experiments show that the vibration frequencies decrease with the increasing of temperature. But when it above the phase transition point the v_1 symmetric stretching vibration is restored. From this, the phase transition temperature can be estimated to be 250℃ (523K).