100MeV回旋加速器主磁铁设计与工艺技术研究

中国原子能科学研究院目前正在建造一台100MeV强流回旋加速器,它加速负氢离子,通过剥离引出质子束,能量75MeV-100MeV,流强200μA.该回旋加速器的主磁铁为紧凑型整体结构,采用4扇直边叶片,渐变气隙.将报告该磁铁的设计特点,数值模拟结果;磁性材料及成分偏析、缩孔等内部缺陷;机械结构设计、公差、变形;还将描述磁铁的工作进展.     

用于放射性核束设施驱动加速器的100MeV强流质子回旋加速器

中国原子能科学研究院得到批准建设HI-13串列加速器升级工程, 目前完成了该工程的初步设计.文章报告主工艺设备——100MeV强流质子回旋加速器的设计方案、设计特点, 总体设计结果及主要技术指标、关键设备(离子源、轴向注入线、中心区、主磁铁、高频系统、引出系统、诊断系统等)的简要设计结果等.     

强流回旋加速器综合试验装置的设计与建造

为了试验研究强流回旋加速器的整机设计技术, 主磁铁、束流诊断等关键部件的设计与加工工艺技术, 以完成100MeV回旋的设计验证, 并为今后逐步提高流强创造试验条件, 自2004年以来, 陆续研究、设计、加工了一些关键部件, 先后实验研究达到了单项技术指标; 目前, 已集成为一套强流回旋加速器的综合试验装置. 本文报告该试验装置的设计与设备制造情况、磁场测量与垫补结果、10—15mA负氢离子源、高频腔和注入系统实验研究、内靶束流调试等工作.     

基于虚拟样机的回旋加速器主磁铁设计与修正

 磁铁设计对于等时性回旋加速器极为关键。磁场分布需要满足粒子等时性加速和粒子径向、轴向聚集要求,同时避免危险的横向共振。提出了一种计算机辅助的自动化磁铁设计、建模和修正的方法,该方法在基于Python混合编程的虚拟样机集成设计环境中实现。详细描述了利用3维电磁场仿真软件TOSCA和自主开发的粒子束跟踪软件PTP对磁铁的优化过程,并给出了一个16 MeV负氢紧凑型回旋加速器的主磁铁设计实例。     

基于虚拟样机的回旋加速器主磁铁设计与修正

磁铁设计对于等时性回旋加速器极为关键。磁场分布需要满足粒子等时性加速和粒子径向、轴向聚集要求,同时避免危险的横向共振。提出了一种计算机辅助的自动化磁铁设计、建模和修正的方法,该方法在基于Python混合编程的虚拟样机集成设计环境中实现。详细描述了利用3维电磁场仿真软件TOSCA和自主开发的粒子束跟踪软件PTP对磁铁的优化过程,并给出了一个16 MeV负氢紧凑型回旋加速器的主磁铁设计实例。     

正电子发射成像回旋加速器磁铁设计与测试

中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所目前正在建造一台医用11 MeV回旋加速器,该加速器磁铁采用小气隙、深谷结构以提供更高的平均磁场和更强的聚焦能力。为实现510-4的测量精度,自行研发了一套磁场点测装置,该装置可实现二维极坐标下的精确测量。经过多次磁场垫补,束流的相位偏移控制在9,一次谐波幅值控制在0.001 T以内,满足了磁铁的设计需求。在束流调试过程中,成功实现了质子束的引出,表明回旋加速器磁铁建造成功。此外,还对磁铁研制过程中出现的磁场缺陷及磁测误差进行了讨论。     

正电子发射成像回旋加速器磁铁设计与测试

中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所目前正在建造一台医用11 MeV回旋加速器,该加速器磁铁采用小气隙、深谷结构以提供更高的平均磁场和更强的聚焦能力。为实现510-4的测量精度,自行研发了一套磁场点测装置,该装置可实现二维极坐标下的精确测量。经过多次磁场垫补,束流的相位偏移控制在9,一次谐波幅值控制在0.001 T以内,满足了磁铁的设计需求。在束流调试过程中,成功实现了质子束的引出,表明回旋加速器磁铁建造成功。此外,还对磁铁研制过程中出现的磁场缺陷及磁测误差进行了讨论。     

回旋加速器虚拟样机技术进展

基于缩短开发周期、降低物理样机成本及实现创新设计的目的,虚拟样机(VP)技术被用于低能回旋加速器的设计中.本文介绍了华中科技大学在回旋加速器VP技术研究上的进展.提出了面向多学科协同设计的回旋加速器虚拟样机开发思路,描述了基于Python脚本语言混合编程技术的VP集成平台.在该平台下,通过多个设计组件的支持与协作,可实现对主磁铁、高频腔和中心区等关键部件及回旋加速器整机的优化设计.     

EPICS在加速器控制系统中的应用

 介绍了当前国内外大型加速器实验室采用的主流控制系统软件开发工具EPICS的总体结构和特点,主要介绍了ASYN结构和特点,以及对使用ASYN软件包建立磁铁电源串口设备支持模块进行的研究,并将其应用于中国工程物理研究院驱动自由电子激光的30 MeV直线加速器磁铁电源控制系统中。同时还具体介绍了磁铁电源控制系统的结构以及系统软件设计,为直线加速器控制系统的建设做好准备工作。使用EPICS开发工具建立的加速器控制系统可以满足实验要求的高可靠性和高稳定性,从而为自由电子激光实验提供高品质束流。     

EPICS在加速器控制系统中的应用

介绍了当前国内外大型加速器实验室采用的主流控制系统软件开发工具EPICS的总体结构和特点,主要介绍了ASYN结构和特点,以及对使用ASYN软件包建立磁铁电源串口设备支持模块进行的研究,并将其应用于中国工程物理研究院驱动自由电子激光的30 MeV直线加速器磁铁电源控制系统中。同时还具体介绍了磁铁电源控制系统的结构以及系统软件设计,为直线加速器控制系统的建设做好准备工作。使用EPICS开发工具建立的加速器控制系统可以满足实验要求的高可靠性和高稳定性,从而为自由电子激光实验提供高品质束流。     

Annealing dependence of magnetic properties in nanostructured Sm0.5Y0.5Co5

Nanocrystalline Sm_0.5Y_0.5Co₅ powders with high coercivity H_C and enhanced remanence M_r were prepared by mechanical milling and subsequent annealing. Annealing temperatures T ranging from 973 to 1173 K, and times t ranging from 1 to 5 min were used. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and DC-magnetization measurements were carried out to study the microstructure and magnetic properties of these samples. XRD patterns demonstrate that the average grain size D of the nanocrystalline powders depends on the annealing temperature T and time t: D ranges from 11 nm (for T=973 K and t=1 min) to 93 nm (for T=1173 K and t=5 min). Magnetic measurements performed at room temperature indicate high coercivity values (H_C>955 kA/m), and enhanced remanence (M_r/M_max>0.5) for all samples. A strong annealing-induced grain size dependence of these magnetic properties was found.     

Magnetic properties of YCo5 (70%wt)+Y2Co17 (30%wt) nanocomposite powders at low temperatures

Nanostructured YCo₅ (70%wt)+Y₂Co₁₇ (30%wt) composite powders were prepared by mechanical milling and subsequent annealing at 1073 K for 1.5 min. The average grain size D of the YCo₅ and Y₂Co₁₇ phases, obtained from XRD data, was 14 and 12 nm, respectively. The temperature dependence of the magnetic properties was studied by DC magnetization measurements at temperatures T ranging from 3 to 300 K. Hysteresis loops (H_max=70 kOe) show that both the coercivity H_C and the squareness σ_r/σ_max are temperature-dependent. The coercivity increases from 12 kOe at room temperature to 18 kOe at T=3 K. The observed enhanced remanence (σ_r/σ_max>0.5) indicates that a strong exchange coupling is present at all temperatures used in this study. The maximum magnetization σ_max changes little with temperature and has a value of about 70% of the effective saturation magnetization of the title compound.     

用于分离重离子的紧凑型两维超导磁体

北京中科健超导有限责任公司与北京科技大学共同设计和制作了一种用于分离重离子的紧凑型两维超导磁体 ,目前磁体已经通过测试。该磁体中心场强为 2特斯拉。为了结构上的紧凑 ,外侧的螺线管线圈中间放置水平线圈 ,型状如热狗 ,它使磁体在水平和垂直两个方向上都产生了供离子偏转的磁场     

Organic- and molecule-based magnets

The discovery of organic- and molecule-based magnets has led to design and synthesis of several families with magnetic ordering temperatures as high as ∼125°C. Examples of soft and hard magnets with coercivities as high as 27 kOe have also been reported. Examples from our laboratory of organic-based magnets using the tetracyanoethylene radical anion, [TCNE]^•−, are discussed. In addition, several molecule-based magnets based on Prussian Blue structured materials as well as dicyanamide are discussed.     

中国散裂中子源旋转线圈测量系统研制

中国散裂中子源(CSNS)加速器主要由一台直线加速器、一台快循环加速器以及低能、高能输运线组成。针对CSNS加速器部分直流磁铁研制了一套旋转线圈测量系统。对系统的研制方案、功能、精度、完成的磁铁类型以及部分测量结果进行介绍。该系统解决了CSNS批量磁铁之间的不同中心高度、质量、有效长度、磁场强度的兼容性难题。经过测试运行,积分场测量重复性误差好于±0.02%,空间谐波重复性误差好于0.005%,磁中心测量重复性误差好于±0.03 mm,顺利完成了中国散裂中子源工程150台多种类型磁铁的检测任务。     

Preparation and magnetic properties of anisotropic (Sm,Pr)Co5/Co composite particles

Anisotropic (Sm,Pr)Co₅/Co nanocomposite particles have been fabricated by chemical coating the 2 h ball milled (Sm,Pr)Co₅ flakes with Co nanoparticles. The Co nanoparticles were synthesized with mean particle sizes in the range of 20-50 nm. The nanocomposite particles present [0 0 1] out-of-plane texture and improved magnetic properties, e.g., an enhanced remanent magnetization of 72 emu/g for (Sm,Pr)Co₅/Co and 66 emu/g for (Sm,Pr)Co₅. In addition, by using the 8 h ball milled powders (much smaller than the 2 h ball milled powders) as the starting materials, Co nanoparticles can also be successfully coated on the surface of the flakes. A plausible mechanism for the formation of Co nanoparticles on the surface of (Sm,Pr)Co₅ flakes is discussed.     

Magnetic properties of one-dimensional CoCu(opba) systems and DFT studies of the building blocks

The synthesis of one-dimensional, molecule-based magnets and the investigation of their structure and physical properties are described. The one-dimensional CoCu(opba) system, where opba [ortho-phenylenebis(oxamato)] bridges the metal ions resulted in antiferromagnetic coupling, and was studied by insertion of electron donating and electron withdrawing groups in the organic ligands’ aromatic rings. In order to verify the influence of these modifications, three compounds of the formula [CoCu(opba-xy)], where x=y=CH₃ (compound 1), x=y=Cl (compound 2), x=H and y=NO₂ (compound 3) are described. The electronic structure of the oxamato bridge group has been studied using calculations at the density functional theory (DFT) level for [Cu(opba-xy)]²⁻ building blocks. Magnetic measurements in polycrystalline samples showed ferrimagnetic behavior for the three compounds. Least-squares fits of the experimental data indicate antiferromagnetic couplings J_CoCu of −35.0, −32.9 and −24.2 cm⁻¹ for 1, 2 and 3, respectively.     

Magnetic forces between arrays of cylindrical permanent magnets

Permanent magnet arrays are often employed in a broad range of applications: actuators, sensors, drug targeting and delivery systems, fabrication of self-assembled particles, just to name a few. An estimate of the magnetic forces in play between arrays is required to control devices and fabrication procedures. Here, we introduce analytical expressions for calculating the attraction force between two arrays of cylindrical permanent magnets and compare the predictions with experimental data obtained from force measurements with NdFeB magnets. We show that the difference between predicted and measured force values is less than 10%.     

CCT型超导组合磁体样机结构设计

基于斜螺线管型(Canted-Cosine-Theta,简称CCT)线圈结构,研制了一台四极与六极组合的超导磁体样机,它的四极和六极梯度场分别为22 T/m和120 T/m2.该组合型磁体的好场区范围为Φ0.16 m × 1.3 m,有效长度为1.3m.其中四极与六极磁体均采用两层骨架结构,每层骨架的线槽内并排放置多层...     

磁性材料进展

本文介绍了磁性材料近年来的进展及应用，主要是在高技术领域的发展和在提高性能、扩大应用范围中有那些技术加工手段及其所起的作用。