激光推进冲量耦合系数的测量方法

激光推进冲量耦合系数是激光推进的重要参数,反映激光能量转化为动能的能力。提出了水平双线支撑激光推进试验方法,推导了水平双线支撑激光推进时光船的运动方程和测量方程;通过高速相机测量位移,利用卡尔曼滤波计算速度的方法;解决了激光脉冲瞬间作用时速度随机起伏大和计算困难的问题。为水平激光推进冲量耦合系数的计算,提供了工程测量和计算方法。     

悬摆法测量气体推进剂激光推进冲量耦合系数

给出了悬摆法测量激光推进冲量耦合系数的原理,分别以空气、氩气、氮气和氦气为推进剂,用悬摆法测量了抛物形推力器在能量不同的单脉冲TEA CO2激光辐照下的冲量耦合系数。实验结果表明：氩气的冲量耦合系数最高,氦气的冲量耦合系数最低;在实验测试的激光能量范围内,4种推进剂气体的激光推进冲量耦合系数基本上都随着激光能量的增加而线性增大,冲量耦合系数的相对误差为5.4%~6.4%。实验结果与国外相关实验结论一致。     

激光等离子体推进技术的研究进展

传统的采用化学燃料来驱动火箭升空的技术由于昂贵的发射费用、低的载荷比、复杂的发射操作运转模式、重复使用困难等缺点而一直困扰着人们对太空的进一步探索．但随着激光技术与航天技术的飞速发展，激光作为一种先进推进技术逐步呈现出其他推进技术不可比拟的优势和发展前景．文章对激光等离子体推进技术的工作原理和研究现状做了介绍，并对激光等离子体在驱动微型飞行器方面目前存在的技术问题和研究热点进行了简述．     

激光推进冲量耦合系数的测量方法

 激光推进冲量耦合系数是激光推进的重要参数，反映激光能量转化为动能的能力。提出了水平双线支撑激光推进试验方法，推导了水平双线支撑激光推进时光船的运动方程和测量方程；通过高速相机测量位移，利用卡尔曼滤波计算速度的方法；解决了激光脉冲瞬间作用时速度随机起伏大和计算困难的问题。为水平激光推进冲量耦合系数的计算，提供了工程测量和计算方法。     

激光等离子体推进技术研究新进展

随着激光技术的发展，激光等离子体推进技术越来越来呈现出其独特的优势，现在已成为当前科学研究和推进领域的研究热点之一．文章对激光等离子体推进技术的应用以及目前的研究进展进行了总结．     

激光等离子体推进技术研究新进展

随着激光技术的发展,激光等离子体推进技术越来越来呈现出其独特的优势,现在已成为当前科学研究和推进领域的研究热点之一.文章对激光等离子体推进技术的应用以及目前的研究进展进行了总结.     

The characteristics of confined ablation in laser propulsion

Compared with direct ablation, confined ablation provides an effective way to obtain a large target momentum and a high coupling coefficient. By using a transparent glass layer to cover the target surface, the coupling coefficient is enhanced by an order of magnitude. With the increase of the gap width between the target surface and the cover layer, the coupling coefficient exponentially decreases. It is found that the coupling coefficient is also related to the thickness of the cover layer.     

激光等离子体推进中靶动量测量方法的改进

总结了激光等离子体推进中靶动量的测量方法,设计了双光束测量方法.该方法能够减小靶宽度和靶的运动速度对测量结果的影响.     

Solid-like ablation propulsion generation in nanosecond pulsed laser interaction with carbon-doped glycerol

A solid-like propellant of carbon-doped glycerol ablated by a nanosecond pulsed laser is investigated. The results show that the specific impulse increases with increasing carbon content, and a maximum value of 228s is obtained. The high specific impulse is attributed to the low ablated mass loss that occurs at high carbon content. More importantly, with increasing carbon content, the properties of the doped glycerol approach to those of a solid. These results indicate that propulsion at the required coupling coefficient and specific impulse can be realized by doping a liquid propellant with an absorber.     

Characteristics of droplets ejected from liquid glycerol doped with carbon in laser ablation propulsion

The characteristics of droplets ejected from liquid glycerol doped with carbon are investigated in laser ablation propulsion. Results show that carbon content has an effect on both the coupling coefficient and the specific impulse. The dopedcarbon moves the laser focal position from the glycerol interior to the surface. This results in a less consumed glycerol and a high specific impulse. An optimal propulsion can be realized by varying carbon content in glycerol.     

甘油的黏度对激光等离子体推进的影响

以液体甘油为烧蚀靶材,研究了不同环境温度下超短脉冲激光烧蚀后产生的等离子体的推进特性.实验结果表明:甘油产生的动量和烧蚀压力与环境温度密切相关,其原因是甘油的黏度受温度影响较大.     

激光推进冲量耦合系数测量方法比较

针对测量冲量耦合系数的水平导轨法和冲击摆法,分别进行了误差计算和实验研究。计算结果表明:水平导轨测量法的相对误差（4.6%）略小于冲击摆测量法的相对误差（6.1%）,其中位移参数和最大摆角的测量精度对于相对误差的影响最大。实验结果表明:两种方法的测量结果基本一致,冲量耦合系数均随着入射脉冲能量的增大而增大,且两组数据相差在6%以内,在入射脉冲能量为3~14 J时,冲量耦合系数最高可达260 N·MW-1。     

激光推进冲量耦合系数测量方法比较

 针对测量冲量耦合系数的水平导轨法和冲击摆法,分别进行了误差计算和实验研究。计算结果表明:水平导轨测量法的相对误差（4.6%）略小于冲击摆测量法的相对误差（6.1%）,其中位移参数和最大摆角的测量精度对于相对误差的影响最大。实验结果表明:两种方法的测量结果基本一致,冲量耦合系数均随着入射脉冲能量的增大而增大,且两组数据相差在6%以内,在入射脉冲能量为3~14 J时,冲量耦合系数最高可达260 N·MW^-1。     

悬摆法测量气体推进剂激光推进冲量耦合系数

 给出了悬摆法测量激光推进冲量耦合系数的原理,分别以空气、氩气、氮气和氦气为推进剂,用悬摆法测量了抛物形推力器在能量不同的单脉冲TEA CO₂激光辐照下的冲量耦合系数。实验结果表明：氩气的冲量耦合系数最高,氦气的冲量耦合系数最低;在实验测试的激光能量范围内,4种推进剂气体的激光推进冲量耦合系数基本上都随着激光能量的增加而线性增大,冲量耦合系数的相对误差为5.4%~6.4%。实验结果与国外相关实验结论一致。     

脉冲激光烧蚀推进技术的航天应用进展

脉冲激光烧蚀推进技术具有比冲高和推力可精确控制的特点,既可用于发射有效载荷也可用于星载动力,甚至可用小行星表面物质作为推进剂使其偏转轨道,因此,在航天领域得到越来越多关注。围绕激光单级入轨发射、同步轨道和火星轨道运输;激光微推力器用于航天器姿轨控,以及激光与电组合推进;激光烧蚀操控cm级空间碎片的轨道,以及激光烧蚀操控较大尺寸碎片的姿态;激光烧蚀偏转小行星轨道等方面,对脉冲激光烧蚀推进技术在航天领域研究现状和进展,进行了系统全面地归纳和总结,并对激光平均功率、波长、脉宽和推进剂选材等关键问题,进行了详细分析。     

单脉冲能量对吸气式激光推进冲量耦合系数的影响

利用透镜聚焦,抛物面喷管约束,结合复摆和光指针测量系统研究了单脉冲能量对吸气式激光推进冲量耦合系数的影响,实验中通过调节激光器工作电压和硅片衰减实现了脉冲能量5~70 J范围的有效拓展;进一步采用纳秒分幅高速相机拍摄了24 J能量下的流场纹影照片。结果表明：在4~9 J低能量和32~70 J较高能量区间,冲量耦合系数均较稳定;9~32 J能量下冲量耦合系数呈线性增长趋势,变化范围(6.5~21.0)×10-5 N·s·J-1;纹影照片显示流场演化经历了激光支持爆轰波、爆燃波和激波3个阶段,耦合系数的变化规律源于不同单脉冲能量对应不同的能量沉积效率。     

Laser induced reverse transfer of gold thin film using femtosecond laser

Laser induced reverse transfer (LIRT) has been executed first time using a Mega Hertz pulse frequency femtosecond laser radiation under ambient conditions. Research has been conducted to understand the evolution of deposited structures with regard to pulse energy. Solid deposition of gold could be deposited on quartz substrate only if pulse energy falls within a certain range. For the experiment conducted in this work, it is 36-40 nJ. For energies above this range, crests appear in the middle of the deposition. There is a threshold in maximum applicable pulse energy, 82 nJ in this exepriment, beyond which further increase in pulse energy results in only traces of deposited material. Results also show that the width of deposited line increases with the increase in pulse energy and decreases with the increase in scan speed. These observations have been explained using the dynamics of ablated plume.     

溶胶-凝胶光学薄膜的激光损伤研究

采用溶胶-凝胶工艺制备了SiO2与ZrO2单层介质膜,用输出波长1.06μm,脉宽15ns的电光调Q激光系统产生的强激光进行辐照实验。观察了光学薄膜经强激光辐照后的损伤情况,讨论了溶胶 凝胶光学薄膜在强激光照射下的损伤机理,提出了溶剂替换、紫外光处理、添加有机粘接剂等提高溶胶 凝胶光学薄膜激光损伤阈值的方法。     

用于激光推进的高功率激光器的选择

从激光推进的要求出发,阐述了用于激光推进的高功率激光器的选择原则,即激光器必须满足：（1）高的平均功率和峰值功率;（2）高的单脉冲能量;（3）高的重复频率;（4）优良的大气传输特性。主要分析了目前YAG固体激光器、自由电子激光器和TEA脉冲CO2激光器的特点,通过上述4个方面性能的比较,认为在目前水平下,TEA脉冲CO2激光器是进行激光推进的首选强激光源,其优点表现在：功率可达10kW量级,单脉冲能量可达0.5~1kJ,重复频率为20~40Hz;激光波长处于大气传输窗口,对大气变化不敏感;工作物质快速流动,不存在热透镜效应和破坏阈值;相关光学元件易于制造;光束质量较好;运行成本低。     

Bireflectance thin film in a high beat frequency laser

This paper investigates a kind of bireflectance thin film on the window plate of a 633 nm He–Ne laser. The film is coated on the substrate with the application of external load on it. The load on the substrate is removed after the coating has been accomplished, then the strain on the substrate will be transferred to the multilayer coatings. Due to photoelastic effect, the multilayer film becomes an anisotropic film. Selecting appropriate film structure and suitable center wavelength, a high phase dispersion with nearly constant reflectivity around the working wavelength will be obtained. For normal incidence, a sufficient phase shift difference between the two orthogonal polarization states of the reflected wave will be produced. As a result, a dual-frequency laser with a beat frequency of 5 MHz can be carried out by using this kind of multilayer film. The theory of designing such a film is emphasized and an example of bireflectance thin film is proposed.