氟碳链封端聚醚酰亚胺改性环氧树脂的相分离研究

采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC), 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和时间分辨光散射(TRLS)研究不同分子量的氟碳链封端聚醚酰亚胺对改性环氧树脂的相分离的影响. 结果表明, 氟碳链端基的引 入, 由于低表面能氟碳链封端聚醚酰亚胺的阻隔作用, 而使相分离速度降低, 相结构演变时间缩短, 固化后的相结构相间距缩小. 随着氟碳链封端聚醚酰亚胺分子量的增加, 相结构由分散相转变为双连续相. 因此可以通过改变聚醚酰亚胺的端基及分子量调控相结构.     

氟碳链封端聚醚酰亚胺改性环氧树脂的相分离研究--分子量的影响

采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC), 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和时间分辨光散射(TRLS)研究不同分子量的氟碳链封端聚醚酰亚胺对改性环氧树脂的相分离的影响. 结果表明, 氟碳链端基的引入, 由于低表面能氟碳链封端聚醚酰亚胺的阻隔作用, 而使相分离速度降低, 相结构演变时间缩短, 固化后的相结构相间距缩小. 随着氟碳链封端聚醚酰亚胺分子量的增加, 相结构由分散相转变为双连续相. 因此可以通过改变聚醚酰亚胺的端基及分子量调控相结构.     

热塑性聚醚酰亚胺改性四官能度环氧树脂的相分离研究──固化剂用量的影响

以DSC、TRLS和SEM等方法研究了固化剂DDS用量对苯端基聚醚酰亚胺(P-PEI)改性4,4'-二氨基二苯甲烷四缩水甘油环氧树脂(TGDDM)体系的固化速率及相结构的影响.结果表明,20phrP-PEI改性环氧体系在150℃固化时,随DDS量增加,固化反应速率增大,相分离时间提前,形成了不同的相结构,解释了DDS量对粘接剪切强度的影响.     

聚醚酰亚胺改性TGDDM环氧树脂的相分离研究

合成了不同化学结构的聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)并用于4,4′-二氨基二苯甲烷四缩水甘油醚(TGDDM)环氧树脂的增韧改性,以DSC,TRLS和SEM等方法研究了体系相分离过程中相容性和熔融粘度对相分离过程和结构的影响,对固化反应诱导相分离中相结构的控制提出初步的看法.     

全对位聚芳醚砜醚酮酮的结晶行为研究

以AlCl3/DCE/DMF为溶剂体系,采用低温溶液缩聚合成全对位聚醚砜醚酮酮(p-PESEKK)树脂,研究了端基、分子量及溶剂体系对树脂的溶剂诱导结晶行为的影响.结果表明,在AlCl3/DCE/DMF的良溶剂中制得的p-PESEKK为低结晶度聚合物,由于分子链中四面体结构砜基的影响,树脂熔融后很难再结晶;随脂肪链端基碳原子数的增加,溶剂诱导结晶速度逐渐下降,结晶度降低,与主链结构相同的端基更有利于结晶的形成;高分子量的p-PESEKK端基的比例相对较小,有利于溶剂诱导结晶.     

PEO-PPO-PEO改性聚醚在开孔树脂模具的应用研究

以三嵌段端羟基聚醚HO-PEO-PPO-PEO-H为原料,通过酯化封端和醚化封端改性,分别制备出酯化和醚化封端的三嵌段聚醚,并以此为乳化剂与乙烯基混合单体、聚合物树脂粉料、水和氧化-还原引发体系混合形成可浇注固化的悬浮多相乳液。研究了乳化剂封端酯化醚化结构、封端碳链C_(4~16)及CH_2=C(R1)COOCH(R2)CH_2(式中R1=H,CH_3;R2=H,CH_3)对含水乳液稳定性能的影响及固化形成的耐高压多孔树脂模具孔隙开闭孔性、孔隙率、孔径大小及其分布的影响。结果表明,长链烷基醚化封端改性的三嵌段聚醚具有良好的乳化稳定性能,成型模具最可几孔径范围为24~50μm,开孔孔隙率为25%(V/V)以上。     

热塑性聚醚酰亚胺改性四官能度环氧树脂的相分离研究：Ⅳ.聚醚 …

研究了不同用量新型苯端基聚醚酰亚胺对其改性４,４,‘－二氨基二苯甲烷四缩水甘油醚环氧树脂９ＴＧＤＤＭ）／４,４’－二氨基二苯砜体系的固化速度及相结构的影响。结果表明,随着ＰＥＩ用量的增加,固化反应速度增大,形成了不同的相结构。解释了ＰＥＩ用量对粘接剪切强度的影响。     

多壁碳纳米管对环氧树脂/聚醚酰亚胺体系相分离的影响

通过溶液混合的方法制备了环氧树脂/聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)/多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)三元复合物,并使用扫描电镜(SEM)、原位红外分析(FTIR)、流变测试和非等温DSC等手段研究了MWCNTs的存在对体系相分离形貌和固化反应的影响.扫描电镜的结果显示,在固化后的样品中MWCNTs较均匀地分散在两相中.150℃下固化,不含MWCNTs和MWCNTs含量为0.75 pbw的体系相分离形貌呈海岛状结构,而进一步增大MWCNTs含量后相分离形貌呈双连续结构,且相区尺寸随MWCNTs含量的增加而减小.120℃下固化,不含MWCNTs和MWCNTs含量为0.75 pbw的体系相分离形貌呈双连续结构,而进一步增大MWCNTs含量后,体系相分离形貌呈相反转结构.FTIR和DSC的测试结果表明,MWCNTs表面的羟基对环氧树脂的固化反应起到催化作用,使得固化反应速度加快,反应活化能降低.而流变测试的结果表明,随着MWCNTs含量增加,一方面交叉跨越多个相区的碳纳米管使得体系黏度增大,对相分离起到了一定的抑制作用;另一方面使得体系凝胶化时间提前,导致体系相分离形貌被固定在相分离的较早阶段,起到有效调控相分离形貌的作用.     

固化条件对环氧树脂/丙烯酸酯橡胶共混体系结构与性能的影响

利用丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)提高热固性环氧树脂(EP)的韧性,系统研究共混体系固化条件对材料结构和性能的影响.研究表明,固化前环氧树脂与丙烯酸酯橡胶在整个组成范围内为均相体系,固化过程中两组份分子量不断增大,部分组成环氧树脂/丙烯酸酯橡胶共混体系(80/20及50/50)发生反应诱导相分离现象(RIPS).在发生反应诱导相分离的体系中,分相后的环氧树脂和丙烯酸酯橡胶两相彼此包含对方的组分,是一种不彻底的相分离.同时,固化后材料的结构与性能强烈依赖于所用固化条件(包括固化时间、固化温度及固化剂含量等).因此,可以通过调节体系固化条件实现对环氧树脂/丙烯酸酯橡胶共混体系结构和性能的调控.     

聚醚链段长度对氨基聚醚-环氧树脂力学性能的影响

以柔性端氨基聚醚(BATPE)和双酚A环氧树脂(DGEBA)为原料, 制备了无微相分离结构的无定型AB交联热固性树脂. 测试了3种不同聚乙二醇(PEG)链段长度(M_PE)的BATPE-DGEBA环氧树脂固化产物的应力-应变曲线、动态力学温度谱和冲击断面形貌. 结果表明, 在环氧树脂交联网络中引入两端与DGEBA化学连接的PEG链段能避免微相分离结构的生成, 有利于提高DGEBA链段的应变松弛速率. 增加M_PE, 一方面能降低环氧树脂固化产物的玻璃化转变温度和室温下的刚度和拉伸强度, 增加韧性(包括冲击强度和拉伸韧性)、断裂应变和模量损耗因子; 另一方面也能提高固化产物在低温下的储存模量. 优化M_PE可制备出在中低温下同时具有优异的拉伸强度、模量、断裂应变和冲击性能的BATPE-DGEBA环氧树脂.     

Effect of molecular weight on reaction-induced phase separation of epoxy resin modified with fluorocarbon chain terminated polyetherimide

Epoxy resins are currently used for many important applications such as adhesives, encapsulates and ad-vanced composite matrixes. However, the further use of epoxies is limited because of their inherent brittle-ness. Thus, the modifications of epoxy resin…     

Phase separation during synthesis of polyetherimide/epoxy semi-IPNs

The phase separation behavior and the morphology of polyetherimide (PEI)-modified diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy resin were studied using scanning electron microscopy and light scattering. Reaction kinetics, cloud point and onset of gelation were determined by differential scanning calorimeter, optical microscope and physica rheometer, respectively. The mixture of partially cured epoxy and PEI showed bimodal upper critical solution temperature (UCST) behavior. For PEI content smaller than 10 wt%, the blends exhibited a sea-island morphology formed via nucleation and a growth mechanism. Above 25 wt% PEI content, the phase separation proceeded via a spinodal decomposition mechanism and a nodular structure was formed. With PEI content between 15 and 20 wt%, dual phase morphology was observed. This morphology was formed via primary spinodal decomposition and secondary phase separation within the dispersed phases and the matrix phases formed by the primary phase separation. This morphology was presumed to be formed in the reaction-induced phase separation mechanism with the mixture showing bimodal UCST behavior. The curing temperature had an effect on the final morphology, and the modulus of PEI-modified epoxy was influenced by the phase separation.     

Investigation in monolayers of double-chain fluorocarbon amphiphiles Effect of headgroups on molecular packing and interaction between hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon monolayers

The surface pressure-area diagrams of double-chain fluorocarbon amphiphiles with different headgroup compositions show that the amphiphiles arrange almost perpendicularly to the water subphase and the structure of headgroups exerts significant influence on the amphiphile packing. Strong hydrogen bonding and weak electrostatic interaction favor the formation of stable monolayers. Perfluorooctanoic acid (FOA) cannot form monolayer at water/air interface and can only form liquid monolayer in subphase of calcium nitrate solution. Complete phase separation of palmitic acid and a fluorocarbon amphiphile with shorter hydrocarbon spacer group, 1, could be demonstrated in monolayers by using the phase rule of Crisp. The creation of phase-separated monolayers is possible when the monolayer is composed of a mixture of palmitic acid and a fluorocarbon amphiphile with longer hydrocarbon spacer group, 2. It can be suggested that the miscibility of hydrocarbon amphiphiles with fluorocarbon amphiphiles is determined by the hydrocarbon fraction of fluorocarbon amphiphiles.     

热塑性聚醚酰亚胺改性四官能度环氧树脂的相分离研究Ⅳ.聚醚酰亚胺用量的影响

研究了不同用量新型苯端基聚醚酰亚胺（Ｐ－ＰＥＩ）对其改性４,４’－二氨基二苯甲烷四缩水甘油醚环氧树脂（ＴＧＤＤＭ）／４,４’－二氨基二苯砜（ＤＤＳ）体系的固化速率及相结构的影响。结果表明,随着ＰＥＩ用量的增加,固化反应速率增大,形成了不同的相结构。解释了ＰＥＩ用量对粘接剪切强度的影响。     

磺化聚醚酰亚胺/聚醚酰亚胺共混膜的结构与性能

将亲水性的磺化聚醚酰亚胺(SPEI)和疏水性的聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)共混,以N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为溶剂,制备了SPEI(Na型)／SPEI中空纤维超滤膜．研究了纺丝过程中内凝固浴组成比例和空气间隙距离变化对膜结构以及膜分离性能的影响。实验结果表明,随着内凝固浴中DMAc含量的提高,纤维内指状孔减少,水通量下降,而截留率则不受影响;随着空气间隙距离的增大,从膜内壁侧出发的指状孔结构前端逐渐向外壁发展,而膜的外壁侧则逐渐变得致密,同时,膜的外表面可能出现较大的微孔结构,导致膜的水通量随着空气间隙距离的增加而迅速增加后随之下降,而截留率则一直保持下降趋势。     

Nanomosaic: formation of nanodomains confined in a two-dimensional molecular plane

Atomic force microscopy observations of a (hydrocarbon guanidinium/fluorocarbon carboxylic acid) mixed monolayer revealed that a nanoscopic phase-separated structure was formed by a combination of attractive interaction between the oppositely charged head groups and repulsive phase separation of the hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon chains.     

Reaction-induced phase separation in rubber-modified epoxy resin

The phase separation mechanism,and structure development during curing of epoxy with a novel liquid rubber-ZR were investigated by time-resolved light scattering,optical microscope and differential scanning calonmetry (DSC) The mixture loaded with curing agent was a single-phase system in the early stage of curing.When the cure reaction proceeded,phase separation took place via the spinodal decomposition induced by polymerization of epoxy resin.This was supported by the characteristic change of light scattering profile with curing time.Cure reaction plays an important role in the progress of phase separation.The bigger the cure reaction rate is,the longer periodic distance will be.The overall two-phase structure was basically locked in when the conversion approached 80% estimated by DSC,and finally the co-continuous two-phase structure was successfully obtained.     

Phase separation behavior of epoxy resin modified with crosslinked rubber

Low molecular weight liquid rubber (ATBN = amine terminated butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer or CTBN = carboxyl terminated butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer)–DGEBA (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A) blends indicated upper critical solution temperature (UCST) behavior. The phase separation behavior of the neat and crosslinked rubber (ATBN, CTBN)–epoxy blends was analyzed by a laser light scattering experiment. Lauryl peroxide (LPO) was employed to crosslink the rubber during the initial annealing stage. The onset point of the phase separation in the crosslinked ATBN–epoxy system occurred later than in the case of the neat ATBN–epoxy system. However, the onset point of the phase separation process started earlier in the case of the crosslinked CTBN–epoxy system. The domain correlation length of the crosslinked rubber-added system was smaller than that of the neat rubber-added system.     

线型聚芳醚砜-聚醚氨酯嵌段共聚物的合成及其结构性能的初步探讨

<正> 具有抗凝血性和其它一些特殊性能的聚醚氨酯嵌段聚合物,最近颇受注视。本文以异氰酸酯的氢转移加成聚合反应为主的合成方法,在聚合物的主链中引入具有一定结构的其它链段组份,合成了一类新的线型聚芳醚砜-聚醚氨酯嵌段共聚物。并就其结构与性能的关系进行了初步探讨。