人血清中核酸组分的反相高效液相色谱分析

核苷酸、核苷和碱基是核酸的主要组分,它们与核酸的代谢有着密切的关系。分离和测定核酸组分的变化在生化和医学上具有重要意义。核苷酸等的分离过去较多地采用阴离子交换法,近年来有用两性离子对HPLC法和反相HPLC法等。本文利用Mg~(2+)对一些组分的配位作用改进了14种最基本核酸组分的峰形和分离度。对人血清中一些核酸组分进行了定性和定量分析。     

含双氢尿嘧啶核苷或核苷酸的低聚核苷酸的组成分析

在核酸化学研究中,核酸的组成分析已有报导,这些报导都是采用紫外检测法。1965年,Madison等人根据双氢尿嘧啶核苷(DHU_r)及其核苷酸(DHU_p)的水解产物尿代丙酸的衍生物能与对二甲氨基苯甲醛显色的特性,用纸层析证实了tRNA存在DHU_p.DHU。无明显特征紫外吸收峰,不能用通常的紫外吸收法检测。本文应用这个特性,报导了一种能用于含DHU_r或DHU_p的低聚核苷酸的组成分析方法。     

钯催化合成嘧啶核苷衍生物的研究进展

嘧啶核苷衍生物在药物化学、生物探针和核酸化学的研究中具有重要的作用, 金属催化碳碳的形成广泛应用于嘧啶核苷衍生物的合成. 综述了钯催化的Sonogashira反应、Stille反应、Heck反应以及Hiyama反应在嘧啶类核苷衍生物合成中的应用.     

四甲基吡啶卟啉与核酸相互作用的稳态和时间分辨光谱

采用稳态吸收和荧光光谱、圆二色谱和皮秒时间分辨荧光光谱手段, 研究了5,10,15,20-四[4-(N-甲基吡啶)]卟啉(TMPyP4)与腺嘌呤(A)、鸟嘌呤(G)、胸腺嘧啶(T)和胞嘧啶(C)等4种碱基, 以及相应的核苷、核苷酸和单链DNA的结合能力和光谱学性质. 研究结果发现, 嘌呤与TMPyP4的结合能力比嘧啶的强. 对于某一碱基系列, 结合能力强弱顺序依次为: 碱基~核苷<核苷酸<单链DNA. 时间分辨荧光谱研究发现, 除鸟嘌呤外, 核酸和TMPyP4复合物的荧光动力学均含有快(1~2 ns)和慢(约10 ns)两个衰减过程, 它们分别是由激基复合体和环境极性对激发态TMPyP4分子的影响所致. 单链DNA能诱导TMPyP4产生诱导圆二色信号, 而单分子(碱基、核苷、核苷酸)则无此功能.     

含有手性甲基膦酸酯基的十一聚核糖核苷酸的合成

含有手性甲基膦酸酯基的十一聚核糖核苷酸的合成周英姿，王来新，张礼和（北京医科大学天然药物及仿生药物国家重点实验室，北京，１０００８３）关键词酶性核酸，３＇，５＇－二胞嘧啶核苷甲基膦酸酯，立体化学，手性底物Ｃｅｃｈ［１］、Ａｌｔｍａｎ［２］和Ｓｙｍｏｎ...     

寡核苷酸的化学合成

一、引言核酸是重要的生命基础物质,对生命遗传信息的存储和表达起决定性作用。核酸是一类生物大分子,主要是由四种核苷酸按一定顺序     

核苷5'-硫代磷酰氨基酸酯电喷雾质谱研究

核苷磷酰氨基酸酯化合物是1类倍受重视的药物,特别是它可作为寡聚核苷酸的类似物用于反义药物[1].核苷逆转录酶抑制剂被批准用于治疗爱滋病(AIDS),目前普遍使用的抗HIV核苷类似物中,2',3'-双脱氧核苷(ddNs)具有良好的疗效[2],它的抗病毒的可能机理是在细胞激酶的作用下,5'-羟基发生相继的磷酸化生成三磷酸核苷,然后通过HIV-逆转录酶进入病毒DNA的合成,由于ddNs 3'-位没有相应的羟基存在,使得病毒DNA的合成得以终止.     

15种核酸水解产物的高效液相色谱分离及其在酵母抽提物分析中的应用

采用反相高产液相色谱同时分离１５种核酸水解产物,包括６种核苷酸,４种核苷和５种碱基,利用二级管矩阵检测器提供的紫外光谱图对复杂样品进行辅助定性及鉴定峰纯度,并将此方法应用于测定酵母抽提物中的核苷酸,取得了满意的结果,方法的精密度为相对标准偏差小于３．５％,回收率９３．８％－１０４．６％。     

复分解反应在核苷类似物合成中的应用

核苷类似物可以参与并干扰细菌（病毒）的DNA或RNA过程,抑制其生长和繁殖,从而有希望发展为抗肿瘤抗病毒药物。一些天然的核苷化合物虽然表现出一定的生理活性,在体内缺乏酶稳定性和靶向选择性却限制了其在医药领域的应用,合成具有生物活性的化学修饰的核苷及其衍生物是核酸药物化学中的重要课题。一类在金属卡宾复合物催化下的分子内或分子间烯烃重组反应-----复分解反应的发展使核苷类似物的合成进入了新阶段, 烯烃复分解反应成为核苷类似物合成的主要途径之一。随着施洛克催化剂、格拉布催化剂等复分解反应催化剂的发现和不断改进,烯烃复分解反应,尤其是关环复分解和交叉复分解反应被广泛应用于构建核苷类似物的糖环(或伪糖)结构或连接核苷类似物单体而形成核苷多聚物。本文对烯烃复分解反应在核苷类似物包括碳环核苷,2’,3’-双脱氧核苷,无环核苷,多环核苷及核苷二聚体或三聚体的合成中的应用进行了综述。     

核苷及其类似物的三磷酸化方法研究进展

三磷酸核苷是一种具有三个磷酸基团的核苷酸,不仅在细胞的能量代谢中起着重要作用,也可用于心脑血管和神经系统等许多疾病的治疗和辅助治疗,随着分子生物学的发展,三磷酸核苷在许多生物检测技术中也应用广泛。新冠疫情爆发以来,抗病毒核苷类药物成为研究的热点,这类药物大多在体外不具有活性,而是在细胞内代谢为三磷酸形式发挥作用,在对这类化合物的抗病毒机理研究中,研究其抗病毒活性、抗病毒机制等都需要将核苷类药物进行三磷酸化,因此开发一种高效的核苷三磷酸化方法是十分必要的。本文根据三磷酸核苷的合成历史进程,综述了迄今为止三磷酸核苷的化学合成方案。旨在为核苷及其类似物的三磷酸化以及相关药物的研发提供参考。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.