MgxB2起始成分对不可逆场和临界电流密度的影响

我们用固相反应法成功合成了MgrB2（0．5≤x≤1．3）系列样品，并对其结构，临界电流密度（Jc）和不可逆场（Hirr）进行了研究．实验结果表明，随着x增大晶格常数α逐渐增大，而晶格常数c在x=0．9左右达到最大值．所有x〉0．5的样品在零场下的Jc值都在10^6A／cm^2左右．然而在高磁场下，Mg缺位的样品的Jc值要比Mg富足的样品的Jc值大．20K时．Mg0．8B2样品的不可逆场达到最大值5．2T，比MgB2样品要高出0．8T．研究表明，高磁场下Hirr和Jc的增大可能与MgB4纳米粒子的形成有关．     

纳米Pr6O11粉末掺杂MgB2超导电性研究

本文采用固相反应法制备了一系列纳米Pr6O11掺杂的MgB2超导块材,掺杂量分别为0,1,3,5,10wt.%.X射线衍射结果表明:随着Pr6O11掺杂量的增加,MgB2的晶格常数也逐渐增大,也就是说Pr原子部分替代了MgB2晶格中的Mg原子.磁测量结果显示,Pr6O11的掺杂对MgB2的超导转变温度(Tc)有很小的抑制.在低含量Pr6O11掺杂(1wt.%)时,MgB2的临界电流密度(Jc)和不可逆场(Hirr)均有明显的提高,但进一步提高Pr6O11的掺杂量时,会损害MgB2在高场下的性能.文中同时也讨论了Pr6O11掺杂影响MgB2的Tc和Jc性能的机理.     

碳纳米管掺杂MgB2的磁通钉扎特性

利用固相反应法制备了按不同质量比掺杂CNTs的MgB2超导材料.10 K时,1%掺杂量的样品在零场下Jc=1.89× Acm-2,不可逆场为6.9 T,退火以后样品的不可逆场提高到7.5 T.20 K时,0.5%掺杂量的样品在零场下Jc=1.15× Acm-2,不可逆场为4 T.样品的钉扎作用主要来自晶粒间的晶面钉扎作用.     

热处理对MgB_2超导体超导电性和显微结构的影响

采用固相反应法常压下制备MgB2超导块材,研究两种不同的热处理工艺(淬火、预热)对MgB:超导电性和显微结构的影响.结果显示淬火有助于细化晶粒,提高样品的临界电流密度;预热在一定程度上提高MgB2样品的致密度和磁通钉扎力,其中随炉升温600℃预热1 h再升至750℃保温0.5 h后淬火的样品自场Jc达到0.586 MA/cm2,不可逆场超过7 T,20 K下在0.8T达到最大钉扎力Fpumax.     

不同反应温度对Hg掺杂MgB2样品的影响

利用固相反应法分别在700℃和850℃制备了Mg1.05-x(Hg)xB2多晶样品,其中x=0,1%,2.5%,5%,7.5%,10%.X射线衍射结果显示,随着掺入量的增加,700℃制得的样品杂相较多,且MgB2的量随x的增大而减少.而在850℃下制备的样品只出现了少量的氧化镁和高硼相.与Ag和Pb掺杂样品不同,晶格常数随掺杂量的增大而增大.Hg掺杂导致MgB2晶格常数变大的同时,也使得MgB2的超导转变温度下降,从而使得其超导临界电流密度下降.     

超导体的交流磁化率测量

本文探讨利用交流磁化率研究超导电性.测量了MgB2样品的若干超导电参量,包括临界温度Tc,上临界磁场Hc2,临界电流密度Jc,不可逆场Hirr等与温度的关系,交流损耗与频率和温度的关系等.此外还简要介绍了交流磁化率在磁通动力学和非线性性质方面的研究方法.     

葡萄糖掺杂MgB_2块材超导电性研究

本文采用化学溶液法制备了在不同热处理条件下葡萄糖掺杂的MgB2块材样品.并对样品的晶体结构及超导电性进行了系统分析.X射线衍射结果表明掺杂样品a轴方向上的晶格参数减小,说明MgB2晶格中部分硼原子被葡萄糖分解后的活性碳原子所替代.此外,在两种不同烧结温度下,5wt%C6H12O6掺杂量对Tc都有较小的抑制,但不可逆场和高场下的载流能力得到了提高.在10K,5T下,掺杂样品的临界电流密度可达104A/cm2,比纯样Jc值大2～3倍,这表明掺杂样品的磁通钉扎性能得到了有效改善.     

Mg、B配比对MgB2材料的影响

我们通过固态反应法制备了MgxB2(x=0.2,0.6,0.8,1.0,1.2,1.4,1.8,2.2,2.6)系列超导样品.用四引线法测量了每一个样品在制备烧结过程中的高温R～T曲线.由这些曲线的升温阶段数据得知MgxB2系列样品的起始成相温度Tonset随着x值的增加而降低.由它们的X光衍射图可知,x≤1.0时,没有Mg和MgO的杂相峰;到x＞1.0后,随x值的增大,杂相Mg和MgO的衍射峰强度逐渐增强.它们的低温R～T曲线表明随x值的增加,正常态电阻减小,起始超导转变温度在39.3 K到39.9 K之间.综合Tc(onset)和△Tc,Mg1.4B2样品呈现出最好的超导状态.这些样品的单位质量M～T测量数据表明起起转变温度处于37.4～38.6 K之间,且Mg1.4B2样品呈现出最高的磁测Tc(onset)=38.60 K.在Mg含量x大于或低于1.4时,磁测Tc(onset)均小于此值.综合R～T和M～T这两种测量,为得到高Tc的MgB2超导块材,胚体MgB2的配比应取x=1.4为好.     

MgB2中Mn元素掺杂引起的无序

我们合成了Mn掺杂的MgB2的多晶样品Mg1-xM2xB2(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04),并测量了相关的超导电性,发现超导转变温度随着Mn含量的增加急剧下降.晶格常数a、b基本上保持不变,而晶格常数c却随着掺杂量的增加而减小,通过对比Mn、Fe、Al掺杂引起的晶格常数c的变化,我们得出Mn是以三价的形式进人MgB2晶格,Mn掺杂引入的无序导致Raman峰宽随着Mn掺杂量的增加而增大,同时也抵消了Mn3 引入的电子填充效应,从而使Raman峰位并没有随Mn掺杂量的增加而发生明显移动.     

强磁场诱导生长MgB_2超导体的磁各向异性研究

通过磁场诱导技术,我们制备出具有织构化取向的MgB2超导体.样品X衍射图显示晶格参数发生变化,随着诱导磁场的增加晶格参数a逐渐递减;当诱导磁场达到10T将会导致晶格变形,影响晶粒尺度大小;分别对诱导磁场为2T、4T、6T、10T样品进行磁测量,可发现临界电流得到明显提高,并且不可逆场也有所提高,样品表现出磁各向异性.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.