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纳米CaCO3改性对医用胶乳制品的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
纳米CaCO3是20世纪80年代发展起来的一种新型超细固体材料。由于纳米CaCO3的超细微化,其晶体结构和表面电子结构发生变化,产生普通碳酸钙所不具有的量子尺寸效应、小尺寸效应、表面效应和宏观量子效应。也由于纳米CaCO3的超细微化,使其自身存在难以克服的缺点——附聚形成二次结构。如果附聚粒子最终不能被碾碎后分散,就会潜伏下来,成为应力集中点,最终导致改性材料性能的下降,欲充分发挥纳米CaCO3的纳米效应,有必要研究其填充改性的影响因素,从而确立纳米CaCO3填充改性的最佳参数。实验证明:纳米CaCO3表面状态、含量、表面处理剂用量、纳米CaCO3表面活化改性时搅拌时间都对纳米CaCO3填充改性的效果产生影响。 相似文献
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纳米CaCO3是20世纪80年代发展起来的一种新型超细固体材料。由于纳米CaCO3的超细微化,其晶体结构和表面电子结构发生变化,产生普通碳酸钙所不具有的量子尺寸效应、小尺寸效应、表面效应和宏观量子效应[1]。也由于纳米CaCO3的超细微化,使其自身存在难以克服的缺点———附聚形成二次结构[2]。如果附聚粒子最终不能被碾碎后分散,就会潜伏下来,成为应力集中点,最终导致改性材料性能的下降,欲充分发挥纳米Ca-CO3的纳米效应,有必要研究其填充改性的影响因素,从而确立纳米CaCO3填充改性的最佳参数。实验证明:纳米CaCO3表面状态、含量、表… 相似文献
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纳米SiO2改性超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备及其结构性能研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用萃取阶段加入纳米粒子的方式,制得纳米SiO2改性的超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维.借助于扫描电镜、声速法、WAXD、DSC、TMA和强力测试等手段,研究了纳米SiO2对UHMWPE纤维结构和性能的影响.结果表明,纳米SiO2粒子在UHMWPE纤维中可达到均匀分散,分散尺寸约为50~100nm;改性后纤维取向度、结晶度基本不变,纤维横向晶粒尺寸大大降低,纤维力学强度稍有增加,力学模量大大增加(由1359.2cNdtex增加到1505.9cNdtex),同时,纤维热性能和热力学性能也得到大大改善. 相似文献
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在乙醇/氨水介质中,将SiO2包覆在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)功能化的聚苯乙烯(PS)微粒表面,利用一步法得到了中空纳米二氧化硅微球;研究了影响中空纳米二氧化硅微球形成的主要因素,并探讨了中空纳米SiO2微球的可能形成机理.结果表明,在一定的反应时间下,当氨水用量为0.6 mL、温度为70℃时,可以获得空心结构的SiO2纳米微球;通过控制四乙基原硅酸盐(TEOS)的量可以调节微球的包覆层厚度. 相似文献
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采用H2O2络合凝胶法获得钛的络合物[TiO(H2O2)]2 水溶胶,并与SiO2水溶胶包覆复合,制备了纳米TiO2/SiO2复合半导体催化剂,其结构经XRD和BET表征。以含阳离子艳红染料模拟废水降解为模型反应,考察了复合催化剂的光催化性能。实验结果表明:经650℃焙烧后的复合催化剂中TiO2粒径为9.8 nm,光催化活性最好,SiO2的最佳掺杂量为25%。 相似文献
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采用原子转移自由基聚合法(ATRP)在纳米SiO2粒子表面接枝聚丙烯酸丁酯(PBA)制备了纳米复合粒子SiO2-g-PBA,并以此对聚甲醛(POM)进行改性. 通过红外光谱、热失重分析、透射电子显微镜及扫描电子显微镜等分析技术进行了表征. 结果,SiO2-g-PBA在POM中分散均匀,使POM/SiO2-g-PBA复合材料的缺口冲击强度明显高于POM及POM/ SiO2复合材料. 当SiO2-g-PBA纳米复合粒子的质量分数为2%时,POM/SiO2-g-PBA复合材料的冲击强度达71.2 kJ/m2,较纯POM提高了7倍多,同时拉伸强度也有一定的提高,达到68.1 MPa. 相似文献
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吸附相反应技术制备纳米TiO2/SiO2复合材料 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以SiO2表面形成的吸附层为反应器,在载体表面制备了纳米TiO2粒子.溶剂置换实验直接给出了吸附层的存在以及吸附层作为纳米反应器的实验证据,TEM,XRD和电子能谱分析表明,载体表面形成一层比较均匀的纳米粒子.初步探讨了温度和反应物浓度对产物分布的影响,分析了各种现象产生的可能成因. 相似文献
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在胶乳状态下制得不同溴含量的溴化天然橡胶产物,并采用傅里叶红外光谱和1H NMR核磁共振测试技术对胶乳法溴化天然橡胶(BNR)的结构进行了表征,用扫描电子显微镜对BNR的形貌进行了观察,考察了不同溴含量BNR的溶解性能和氮含量。红外光谱分析表明,天然胶乳溴化反应时发生了溴化取代和加成反应;1H NMR分析结果则证实存在C=C双键加成和亚甲基、甲基的溴化取代。 随着溴含量的增加,BNR产物逐渐变得硬而脆,最终呈粉末状,且粒径减小。 同一溴化天然橡胶产物在不同溶剂中的溶解能力由小到大依次为:四氯化碳、苯<甲苯、二甲苯<四氢呋喃<三氯甲烷<环己酮;在同一有机溶剂中BNR的溶解性能则随着溴含量的增加而增大。 BNR产物的含氮量随着溴含量的增加而减小,当溴含量为42%时,氮含量减小至0.10%。 相似文献
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H. Nabil 《International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization》2014,19(2):159-174
This article deals with blends based on natural rubber (NR) and recycled ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (R-EPDM). Natural rubber latex (NRL) was introduced into the blends to enhance interfacial adhesion between NR and R-EPDM. A new route of compounding was also suggested. The blends were prepared by mixing R-EPDM and other additives in NRL before blending with natural rubber on a two-roll mill. By applying this method, the homogeneity of the blends and cross-linking distribution are significantly improved. The blends exhibited superior state of cure, swelling resistance, mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties. The degree of entanglement between NR and R-EPDM also increased after NRL modification. 相似文献
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Summary: Three different methods of deproteinization, i.e. saponification, surfactant washing and enzymatic treatment were employed to unravel the effect of deproteinized on the properties of natural rubber (NR) latex. The cleavage of proteins in NR latex was found to proceed with concomitant formation of low molecular weight polypeptides. This results in a lowering in gel formation of the enzyme-treated latex, indicating modification of the remaining proteins at the rubber chain-end. Washing NR latex with surfactant would efficiently reduce and remove proteins from NR latex particles through denaturation and transferring them to the serum phase. The relatively stable gel formed during storage of surfactant-washed NR latex is an indication of the absence of branch formation of proteins at the rubber molecule terminal. Saponification by strong alkali would hydrolyze the proteins and phospholipids adsorbed on the latex particle surface. The reason of the significantly higher gel formed in saponified NR latex is still not clear. The present study shows that deproteinization treatments result in modification of the proteins at the surface of NR latex particles and also those freely-suspended in the serum. The cleavage or the denaturation of the rubber proteins during purification by washing has a profound effect on the properties of the deproteinized NR latex upon storage, in particular the thermal oxidative aging properties of the rubber obtained. 相似文献
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M. W. Rahman M. M. Hossain M. J. Alam N. C. Dafader M. E. Haque 《International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization》2013,18(7):479-487
The effect of transition metals as a promoter of physico-mechanical properties of radiation-vulcanized natural rubber latex (RVNRL) films was investigated. RVNRL films were prepared by the addition of transition metals (Fe, Mn, etc.) of different concentrations (0–30 ppm) in natural rubber (NR) latex and irradiated with various radiation doses (0–20 kGy). The concentrations of metal ions and radiation doses were optimized and found to be 20 ppm and 12 kGy, respectively. Tensile strength, tear strength, and cross-linking density of the irradiated rubber films were increased with increasing concentration of metal ions as well as radiation doses. The mechanical properties of the films were enhanced by approximately 20% at the optimum conditions. In contrast, elongation at break, permanent set, and swelling ratio of the films were decreased under the same conditions. The comparative effect of metal ions can be explained by Fajan's rules, reported in this article. 相似文献
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亲水性聚硅氧烷改性天然乳胶的性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以亲水性聚硅氧烷KGF-903共混改性天然乳胶,通过拉力试验、老化试验、接触角测量和扫描电子显微镜等研究了聚硅氧烷的添加量对天然乳胶力学性能、抗老化性能、亲水性能和表面形貌的影响。结果表明,KGF-903含量在1.5%时拉伸强度有最佳的改性效果;KGF-903添加量约为3%时断裂伸长率达到最大,老化前后的断裂伸长率比改性前分别提高57%和50%。随着KGF-903含量的增加,改性天然乳胶片的水接触角逐渐减小;扫描电子显微镜观察的结果表明,添加聚硅氧烷能改变乳胶的分散状态。利用小试的最佳配方(即KGF-903的添加量为1.5%)生产了2批次医用导尿管,其表面光洁度、导尿管球囊的成品率、管身硬度、连接器与导尿管排泄锥形接口所承受的拉力和充气漏斗与引流漏斗连接处所承受的拉力等均有显著的提高,有效改善了产品的质量。 相似文献
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