镧系离子与L—组氨酸配合物^13CNMR波谱及其结构的研究

本文以XL-200型超导NMR谱仪对镧系离子与L-组氨酸配合物进行了一系列的研究,测得微酸性条件下的顺磁诱导位移,对这些诱导位移进行分析计算,得到了各磁性核的配合物生成位移、接触位移和准接触位移,同时以准接触位移为依据,对配合物结构进行模拟,获得了有关的结构参数.并对镧系离子在磁学性质上的特征进行了讨论.     

镝—镧—钛试剂荧光体系的协同发光效应及其分析应用

发现了镧对镝－钛铁试剂荧光体系的协同发光效应,详细研究了镝－镧－钛铁试剂协同发光体系的荧光光谱特性,确定了各种试验条件对体系荧光强度的影响。     

镝-镧-钛铁试剂荧光体系的协同发光效应及其分析应用

发现了镧对镝－钛铁试剂荧光体系的协同发光效应,详细研究了镝－镧－钛铁试剂协同发光体系的荧光光谱特性,确定了各种试验条件对体系荧光强度的影响。在镝－钛铁试剂荧光体系中引入适量的镧可使体系的荧光强度提高４０倍,体系的荧光强度同镝的浓度在５．０×１０－８～９．０×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内成线性关系,检测限可达１．０×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。采用标准加入法测定稀土样品中痕量的镝可获得满意结果。     

GB1与金属离子相互作用的NMR研究（英文）

G群链球菌G蛋白的B1结构域——GB1蛋白,常被用作发展体外及体内基于顺磁核磁共振(NMR)的蛋白质结构测定方法的研究模型.为确保赝接触化学位移(PCS)、顺磁弛豫增强(PRE)等顺磁约束数据的准确性,了解GB1和金属离子,尤其是顺磁离子的相互作用非常必要.然而GB1和二价金属离子以及镧系金属离子的相互作用并不十分清楚.本文利用NMR波谱研究了GB1和镧系金属离子以及多种二价金属离子的相互作用.我们发现GB1和镧系金属离子之间存在弱特异性相互作用,和Mn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)以及Co~(2+)等顺磁二价离子弱结合,但不与Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)以及Zn~(2+)等抗磁二价离子结合.该研究表明在GB1上链接顺磁探针时,应使用与固有位点结合常数差异明显的顺磁标签以获取正确的PRE数据.     

镝掺杂锆钛酸铅镧透明陶瓷的结构和电光性能

针对锆钛酸铅镧(PLZT)电光陶瓷在光调制器应用中存在工作电压偏高、场致滞后明显等不足,以镧系镝(Dy)元素对锆钛酸铅镧(Pb0.88La0.12)(Zr0.4Ti0.6)0.96O3 [PLZT(12/40/60)]线性电光材料进行掺杂改性.采用热压技术研制镝掺杂锆钛酸铅镧[Pb0.88(La1-xDyx)0.12](Zr0.40Ti0.60)0.96O3](PLDZT)(x=0.1～0.5)透明电光陶瓷.系统考察了PLDZT透明陶瓷的光学性能和电光特性及其与材料结构的相关性.研究表明,Dy掺杂导致材料晶格畸变,微量Dy掺杂有效提高了 PLZT(12/40/60)透明陶瓷的光学透过率,并且使典型的线性电光材料呈现二次电光效应特征,二次电光系数R约为5.59×10-15m2/V2;同时掺杂改性的PLDZT(x=0.1)透明陶瓷的驱动电压较未改性PLZT材料明显降低.     

O_h~3空间群M点二级结构相变方向的群论分析

本文从朗道二级相变理论出发,讨论了A-15结构化合物的M点相变模型,并得到了二级结构相变的相交方向。     

GB1与金属离子相互作用的NMR研究

G群链球菌G蛋白的B1结构域——GB1蛋白,常被用作发展体外及体内基于顺磁核磁共振（NMR）的蛋白质结构测定方法的研究模型.为确保赝接触化学位移（PCS）、顺磁弛豫增强（PRE）等顺磁约束数据的准确性,了解GB1和金属离子,尤其是顺磁离子的相互作用非常必要.然而GB1和二价金属离子以及镧系金属离子的相互作用并不十分清楚.本文利用NMR波谱研究了GB1和镧系金属离子以及多种二价金属离子的相互作用.我们发现GB1和镧系金属离子之间存在弱特异性相互作用,和Mn²⁺、Cu²⁺以及Co²⁺等顺磁二价离子弱结合,但不与Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺以及Zn²⁺等抗磁二价离子结合.该研究表明在GB1上链接顺磁探针时,应使用与固有位点结合常数差异明显的顺磁标签以获取正确的PRE数据.     

镧与真空沉积银纳米粒子的金属间化合

根据HumeRothery规则,分析了银与镧两元素之间形成金属间化合物的倾向性,并根据真空蒸发沉积的条件,分析了在真空蒸发沉积情况下镧与银之间形成金属间化合物的可能性.用X射线光电子能谱化学位移方法对真空蒸发沉积的银、镧薄膜进行了分析,结果表明在真空沉积条件下镧与银之间的确形成了金属间化合物. 关键词： 金属间化合物 镧 银 纳米粒子     

铽离子-镧系金属结合标签的荧光探针的改进

镧系金属因其具有较窄的发射光谱带,较大的斯托克斯位移以及毫秒级的荧光寿命,而被广泛应用于荧光检测中,其中Tb~(3+)、Eu~(3+)最为常用.镧系金属结合标签(Lanthanide Binding Tag,LBT)可以与蛋白质融合表达,并且一般不会影响蛋白的结构和功能,这些特点使LBT被广泛应用于蛋白质结构与功能研究中.LBT能够特异性地结合镧系金属离子,并利用LBT上色氨酸的吲哚环作为"天线"吸收外部能量,再将能量传递给镧系金属离子,进而激发镧系金属离子产生荧光.该文以经典模式蛋白泛素(Ubiquitin,Ub)作为媒介,将LBT引入到Ub的碳端,采用定点突变的方法增加LBT上吲哚环的数量,观察Ub-LBT[结合铽离子(Tb~(3+))]荧光量子产率的变化.结果表明在LBT结构中增加吲哚环的数量能够提高LBT(结合Tb~(3+))的荧光量子产率.     

环庚三烯酚酮稀土配合物的拉曼光谱研究

本文应用拉曼光谱研究了镧系金属镧 ,钕 ,钐和镱与环庚三烯酚酮配合物的配位方式及结构。研究结果表明 ,金属与环庚三烯酚酮配位后原对应于OH的伸缩振动谱峰消失 ,同时部分相关的谱峰频率也发生了明显的位移 ,在低波数 4 0 0 -5 0 0cm- 1区间检测到新的谱峰 ,并且该谱峰的位置随配合物中金属的不同而不同。根据拉曼光谱的研究结果推断了金属与配体的配位方式以及所得稀土金属配合物可能的结构。     

TRANSVERSE TRANSPORT PROCESSES OF CHARGED PARTICLE SYSTEMS IN A STRONG MAGNETIC FIELD (I) Quantum Theory

The quantum theory of the transverse transport of charged particle systems in a strong, uniform magnetic field is reinvestigated in this article. All such previous theories, based on the Kubo formula in the Landau representation, only considered the second-order term of the collisional expansion series. However, if other high-order terms, especially the so-called reducible diagonal parts, are also considered, another second-order contribution is found, which exactly cancels the one derived prebiously. Hence, within the fxamwork of the usual theory, all the transverse transport coefficients would be identically zero. phis consequence is directly related to the local nature of the Landau eigen states.Only because previous calculations were incomplete did they obtain finite results.     

SCREENING EFFECT OF THE SPIN DISTRIBUTION IN THE ATOMS OF HYDROGEN AND ALKALI METALS UNDER THE DISTURBANCE OF A STRONG PERIODIC MAGNETIC FIELD

Using the path integral method, we calculated all the distribution probability ratios for the spin projection of the electron in a hydrogen atom under the disturbance of a strong periodic magnetic field, and studied the screening effect of the coupling of spin with the periodic magnetic field B(t) on the ratios of the spin distributions. It is found that the screening exists not only in the usual direction along the magnetic field (not affected by initial conditions) but also other directions affected by the initial conditions. For the valence electron in the alkali metals, such as ^{3/sup>Li, 11Na, 19K, 37Ru, and 55Ce, etc., a similar conclusion can be drawn.}     

磁原胞与化学原胞不一致的磁性晶体的磁结构

本文发展了一个讨论磁原胞与化学原胞不一致的磁性晶体的自旋位形的宏观方法。引进一个有限羣,其元素乃是分布于一个磁原胞内的空间羣的元素。该羣的对称元素作用于次晶格的自旋密度上,使热力势保持不变。利用这原理可以建立热力势按次晶格自旋密度的展式。由热力势取极小条件决定磁性晶体的自旋位形。应用这个方法具体地讨论了四类磁性晶体的自旋位形,对每一类情况得到了与中子衍射实验一致的结果。利用本方法在某些情况下,也可以得到螺旋形的自旋位形。     

强磁场中库仑相互作用的少体二维电子气的能量

本文建立了一种计算强磁场中二维电子气少体问题能量的理论方法,对最低Landau能级上有限电子体系作了数值计算,得到了一些新的结果,并且把计算方法推广到较高的Land-au能级,给出了第二Landau能级的数值结果。 关键词：     

Separable interactions and liquid He : III. Landau expansion in the presence of a Hubbard interaction

In this paper we derive the Landau expansion for the ordered phases of liquid ³He in the presence of a magnetic field starting from a model hamiltonian which contains an l = 1 pairing interaction of the BCS type and a contact term of the Hubbard type. In the derivation use is made of an exact theorem in the theory of separable interactions and the contribution from the Hubbard interaction is evaluated in second order perturbation calculation. Some typical differences with the results based on a spin fluctuation theory are mentioned.     

Theory of the helical spin crystal: a candidate for the partially ordered state of MnSi

MnSi is an itinerant magnet which at low temperatures develops a helical spin-density wave. Under pressure it undergoes a transition into an unusual partially ordered state whose nature is debated. Here we propose that the helical spin crystal (the magnetic analog of a solid) is a useful starting point to understand partial order in MnSi. We consider different helical spin crystals and determine conditions under which they may be energetically favored. The most promising candidate has bcc structure and is reminiscent of the blue phase of liquid crystals in that it has line nodes of magnetization protected by symmetry. We introduce a Landau theory to study the properties of these states, in particular, the effect of crystal anisotropy, magnetic field, and disorder. These results compare favorably with existing data on MnSi from neutron scattering and magnetic field studies. Future experiments to test this scenario are also proposed.     

Leading temperature corrections to Fermi-liquid theory in two dimensions

We calculate the basic parameters of the Fermi liquid: the scattering vertex, the Landau interaction function, the effective mass, and physical susceptibilities for a model of two-dimensional (2D) fermions with a short-ranged interaction at nonzero temperature. The leading temperature dependences of the spin components of the scattering vertex, the Landau function, and the spin susceptibility are found to be linear. T-linear terms in the effective mass and in the "charge-sector" quantities are found to cancel to second order in the interaction, but the cancellation is argued not to be generic. The connection with previous studies of the 2D Fermi-liquid parameters is discussed.     

关于磁性物质的自旋位形的某些问题

本文用Lyons-Kaplan的方法,讨论了具有一种磁性离子组成的布拉维点阵的自旋位形在外磁场作用下的变化及磁晶各向异性时它的影响。存在有一个反铁磁-铁磁性结构转变的临界磁场,外磁场大于临界磁场时一切反铁磁结构都消失。磁场(小于临界磁场)和各向异性都使自旋位形的简并部分消失。最后还讨论了所得到的自旋位形的稳定性。     

Topological characterization of quantum phase transitions in a spin-1/2 model

We have introduced a novel Majorana representation of S=1/2 spins using the Jordan-Wigner transformation and have shown that a generalized spin model of Kitaev defined on a brick-wall lattice is equivalent to a model of noninteracting Majorana fermions with Z2 gauge fields without redundant degrees of freedom. The quantum phase transitions of the system at zero temperature are found to be of topological type and can be characterized by nonlocal string order parameters (SOP). In appropriate dual representations, these SOP become local order parameters and the basic concept of Landau theory of continuous phase transition can be applied.