MGxB2起始成分对不可逆场和临界电流密度的影响

我们用固相反应法成功合成了MgxB2(0.5≤x≤1.3)系列样品,并对其结构,临界电流密度(Jc)和不可逆场(Hirr)进行了研究.实验结果表明,随着x增大晶格常数a逐渐增大,而晶格常数c在x=0.9左右达到最大值.所有x>0.5的样品在零场下的Jc值都在106A/cm2左右.然而在高磁场下,Mg缺位的样品的Jc值要比Mg富足的样品的Jc值大.20K时,Mg0.8B2样品的不可逆场达到最大值5.2T,比MgB2样品要高出0.8T.研究表明,高磁场下Hirr和Jc的增大可能与MgB4纳米粒子的形成有关.     

纳米Pr6O11粉末掺杂MgB2超导电性研究

本文采用固相反应法制备了一系列纳米Pr6O11掺杂的MgB2超导块材,掺杂量分别为0,1,3,5,10wt.%.X射线衍射结果表明:随着Pr6O11掺杂量的增加,MgB2的晶格常数也逐渐增大,也就是说Pr原子部分替代了MgB2晶格中的Mg原子.磁测量结果显示,Pr6O11的掺杂对MgB2的超导转变温度(Tc)有很小的抑制.在低含量Pr6O11掺杂(1wt.%)时,MgB2的临界电流密度(Jc)和不可逆场(Hirr)均有明显的提高,但进一步提高Pr6O11的掺杂量时,会损害MgB2在高场下的性能.文中同时也讨论了Pr6O11掺杂影响MgB2的Tc和Jc性能的机理.     

超导体的交流磁化率测量

本文探讨利用交流磁化率研究超导电性.测量了MgB2样品的若干超导电参量,包括临界温度Tc,上临界磁场Hc2,临界电流密度Jc,不可逆场Hirr等与温度的关系,交流损耗与频率和温度的关系等.此外还简要介绍了交流磁化率在磁通动力学和非线性性质方面的研究方法.     

碳纳米管掺杂MgB2的磁通钉扎特性

利用固相反应法制备了按不同质量比掺杂CNTs的MgB2超导材料.10 K时,1%掺杂量的样品在零场下Jc=1.89× Acm-2,不可逆场为6.9 T,退火以后样品的不可逆场提高到7.5 T.20 K时,0.5%掺杂量的样品在零场下Jc=1.15× Acm-2,不可逆场为4 T.样品的钉扎作用主要来自晶粒间的晶面钉扎作用.     

不同反应温度对Hg掺杂MgB2样品的影响

利用固相反应法分别在700℃和850℃制备了Mg1.05-x(Hg)xB2多晶样品,其中x=0,1%,2.5%,5%,7.5%,10%.X射线衍射结果显示,随着掺入量的增加,700℃制得的样品杂相较多,且MgB2的量随x的增大而减少.而在850℃下制备的样品只出现了少量的氧化镁和高硼相.与Ag和Pb掺杂样品不同,晶格常数随掺杂量的增大而增大.Hg掺杂导致MgB2晶格常数变大的同时,也使得MgB2的超导转变温度下降,从而使得其超导临界电流密度下降.     

葡萄糖掺杂MgB_2块材超导电性研究

本文采用化学溶液法制备了在不同热处理条件下葡萄糖掺杂的MgB2块材样品.并对样品的晶体结构及超导电性进行了系统分析.X射线衍射结果表明掺杂样品a轴方向上的晶格参数减小,说明MgB2晶格中部分硼原子被葡萄糖分解后的活性碳原子所替代.此外,在两种不同烧结温度下,5wt%C6H12O6掺杂量对Tc都有较小的抑制,但不可逆场和高场下的载流能力得到了提高.在10K,5T下,掺杂样品的临界电流密度可达104A/cm2,比纯样Jc值大2～3倍,这表明掺杂样品的磁通钉扎性能得到了有效改善.     

强磁场诱导生长MgB_2超导体的磁各向异性研究

通过磁场诱导技术,我们制备出具有织构化取向的MgB2超导体.样品X衍射图显示晶格参数发生变化,随着诱导磁场的增加晶格参数a逐渐递减;当诱导磁场达到10T将会导致晶格变形,影响晶粒尺度大小;分别对诱导磁场为2T、4T、6T、10T样品进行磁测量,可发现临界电流得到明显提高,并且不可逆场也有所提高,样品表现出磁各向异性.     

Na0．75Co1-xRuxO2体系中的金属-绝缘体相变

在采用固相反应法成功制备单相Na0．75Co1-xRuxO2（0≤x≤0．5）样品的基础上，对其结构、输运性质和磁性质进行了系统研究．结果表明，x≤0．5的样品仍保持单相。样品的晶格参数随着Ru替代浓度x值的增加逐渐增大，说明在该体系中，Ru能均匀地替代Co．对于x=0的样品，在整个测量温区内，其电阻率-温度关系呈现典型的金属行为；x=0．01样品在T=37K附近发生了金属-绝缘体相变；而x≥0．02的所有样品，整个测量温区内均为半导体．与x=0样品相比较．x=0．1样品在30K时的电阻率增大了5个数量级．我们认为该体系在x=0．01附近发生的金属-绝缘体（MI）相变，起源于CoO2层的无序导致的电子的Anderson局域化．对于所有样品，在2K以上均没有观测到长程磁有序。其磁化率在100K以上均满足居里-外斯定律，同时对该体系的磁化率结果进行了详细讨论．     

Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8掺杂MgB2的磁通钉扎特性

为了研究超导材料中高温超导相颗粒的钉扎行为，在Ar气保护条件下，采用固相反应法制备了质量百分比为0，3，5和10％BizSr2CaCu2O8含量的MgB2块状样品．用X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜对样品进行了显微结构分析；用物理性能综合测试系统振动样品磁强计（最大磁场9T）测量了所有样品在不同磁场下的直流M（T）曲线，并测量了不同温度下的准静态磁化曲线，通过Bean临界态模型分析出Jc（H）曲线．随着掺杂量的增大掺杂后Tc基本不变，转变宽度略为增大；相比于未掺杂样品，掺杂量为3wt％样品抗磁信号和临界电流密度有较大提高．显微结构分析结果表明，部分Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8分解为Cu2O和其它杂相，有部分Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8颗粒保留在样品内部，成为有效的钉扎中心．最后本文对超导体中的高温超导相颗粒的钉扎行为进行了分析．     

掺杂物对MgB2超导电性能影响的研究进展

总结了不同掺杂物对MgB2超导电性能影响的研究现状,具体介绍了不同粒度、不同类型的掺杂物对MgB2超导电性的影响。目前的研究结果表明:所有掺杂都降低了MgB2的临界转变温度,而除Cu外的大部分掺杂物都可改善MgB2的不可逆磁场Hirr,提高其临界电流密度Jc;在所有掺杂物中,纳米级S iC掺杂对MgB2的超导电性能改进最大。基于目前的研究现状和结果,最后文中对MgB2超导材料的应用前景进行了展望。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.